Artificial Diet Influences Population Growth of the Root Maggot Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae)     

Yuping Gou  Peter Quandahor  Kexin Zhang  Sufan Guo  Qiangyan Zhang  Changzhong Liu  Jeffrey A Coulter 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2020,20(5)

In order to investigate the effects of artificial diets on the population growth of root maggot Bradysia impatiens, its population growth parameters were assayed on eight artificial diets (Diet 1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, and D8). Results showed that developmental duration from egg to pupa was successfully completed on all eight artificial diets. However, the egg to pupal duration was shortest, while the survival rate of four insect stages was lowest when B. impatiens was reared on D1. When B. impatiens was reared on D7 and D8, the survival rate, female longevity, and female oviposition were higher than those reared on other diets. When B. impatiens was reared on D7, the intrinsic rate of increase (r_m = 0.19/d), net reproductive rate (R₀ = 39.88 offspring per individual), and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.21/d) were higher for its population growth with shorter generation time (T = 19.49 d) and doubling time (Dt = 3.67 d). The findings indicate that the D7 artificial diet is more appropriate for the biological parameters of B. impatiens and can be used an indoor breeding food for population expansion as well as further research. We propose that vitamin C supplement added to the D7 is critical for the improvement of the B. impatiens growth.  相似文献   

间作番茄对甘蓝生长及其主要害虫种群数量的影响     

刘庆叶  王东升  黄忠阳  李伟明  陈莉莉  戎茸  张宗俊  王蓓  吴旭东 《长江蔬菜》2020,(8):74-78

研究了甘蓝、番茄不同间作比例对甘蓝生长及主要害虫种群数量的影响,以期找到适宜的间作比例,为生产实践中进一步推广应用提供理论依据。试验结果表明,甘蓝与番茄间作模式,对甘蓝主要害虫菜青虫、小菜蛾、菜蚜等有一定的趋避效果,但6∶1的间作处理效果较差,4∶1、2∶1的间作处理效果良好,且差异不明显;2∶1的间作处理由于间作密度小,甘蓝受番茄生长的影响大,植株生长不良,6∶1的间作处理由于间作密度较大,甘蓝受虫害影响大,叶球虫孔数多,商品性差,4∶1的间作处理,植株生长良好,叶球饱满、质量大、商品性好。综合各项数据分析,4∶1的间作比例更合适。  相似文献   

入侵害虫红棕象甲转移为害本土棕榈树的风险评估     

王辉  王欽召  孟令春  梁玉勇  刘兴平  曾菊平 《植物保护学报》2020,47(4):920-928

为评估入侵害虫红棕象甲Rhynchophorus ferrugineus对本土农林生态系统的风险,于2016—2019年采用受害植株调查和成虫诱捕的方法跟踪监测该虫在加拿利海枣Phoenix canariensis引种点及周边1 600 m半径范围内本土棕榈Trachycarpus fortune上的发生情况,并对来自野外加拿利海枣与棕榈上的成虫形态及繁殖力进行比较。结果显示,红棕象甲可随加拿利海枣引种定植而入侵当地生态系统,当其在加拿利海枣上暴发成灾后,还能转移到周边棕榈上继续为害,红棕象甲为害致死的棕榈植株数随着引种植物死亡数的增加而增加。野外加拿利海枣与棕榈上红棕象甲成虫的体重、体长以及按雌雄1∶1配对交配后的产卵量、孵化率相当,但棕榈种群雌虫的翅展较加拿利海枣种群明显变短,表明红棕象甲转移取食本土棕榈后可成功定殖、建立种群,且适合度并未降低。雌虫翅展变短可能与该入侵种表型可塑性有关,反映出其对棕榈的快速适应与进化,表现为"前适应"策略。考虑红棕象甲成虫飞行能力强,建议调高棕榈分布省份该虫的风险预警等级、调整防控策略,开展跟踪监测以了解入侵地实情。  相似文献   

松嫩草原盐碱土细菌多样性分析     

向君亮  刘权  申永瑞  王佳琦  张兴梅  王鹏  殷奎德 《干旱地区农业研究》2020,38(2):62-68

以松嫩盐碱草原3种不同盐碱程度的盐碱土为材料,应用高通量测序技术,研究了3种不同程度盐碱土壤的细菌群落结构。结果表明:3种盐碱土的理化性质差异显著(P0.05),pH值、碱化度随着盐碱化程度增加而增大,而碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量随着盐碱化程度增加而降低;3种盐碱土共获得2841个OTU,分属于39个细菌门,其中酸杆菌门、变形菌门等10个菌门是盐碱土中最主要的细菌门类;轻度盐碱土中酸杆菌门占主导地位,相对丰度为32.28%,中度盐碱土中变形菌门占主导地位,相对丰度为19.87%,重度盐碱土中放线菌门占主导地位,相对丰度为22.57%;RDA分析表明,酸杆菌门、硝化螺旋菌门、广古菌门、TM7等的相对丰度与碱解氮、有机质以及速效钾含量呈正相关,疣微菌门的相对丰度与有效磷含量呈正相关,放线菌门、浮霉菌门、拟杆菌门、芽单胞菌门、厚壁菌门的相对丰度与pH值、碱化度呈正相关。  相似文献   

Evaluation on the fitness and population projection of Nilaparvata lugens in response to elevated CO2 using two-sex life table     

Dong Wen  Jinping Liu  Shuai Fan  Gang Wu 《国际虫害防治杂志》2020,66(4):368-377

Abstract

The life history and fitness of Nilaparvata lugens being reared under ambient level (current CO₂ concentration), medially elevated (550?µL/L) and highly elevated (750?µL/L) CO₂ concentration for long-term generation were compared using two-sex life table instead of traditional age-specific life table. The results showed that significantly longer larval duration and lower fecundity of N. lugens were observed in 750?µL/L relative to 550?µL/L treatment (P?<?0.05). Accordingly, 550?µL/L CO₂ significantly enhanced population parameters of N. lugens, including significantly higher intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate (λ) and net reproductive rate (R_O), but not for 750?µL/L CO₂. Taken together, N. lugens performs enhanced development rate, fecundity and survival in individual life history and higher potential in population multiplication under 550?µL/L CO₂ level, while only indicates the less enhanced development rate and survival without significant increased capacity of population expansion under 750?µL/L CO₂ level. These results should facilitate predicting the fitness and potential population damage of N. lugens, which is valuable for the integrated control of N. lugens in the future increasing CO₂ concentration.  相似文献   

水分胁迫对典型草原植物群体光合作用的影响     

王海梅  贾成朕  李慧融  金林雪  侯琼 《干旱地区农业研究》2020,38(1):237-242

基于锡林浩特国家气候观象台2016—2017年的群体光合作用及同期土壤水分观测数据,分析了不同水分胁迫状态下典型草原植物群落光合作用的受限程度。结果表明:牧草生长初期及末期,群体光合速率处于较低水平,水分胁迫未对群体光合作用产生明显影响,7月牧草进入旺盛生长期,群体光合速率显著升高,并在8月上旬达到最高值(≥10.89μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)),水分限制对群体光合作用的影响显著;在牧草生长的初期和中期,群体光合速率、呼吸速率与10～20 cm土层土壤水分含量相关性最显著,表明植物根系和土壤微生物在该层分布最为集中;0～30 cm各土层平均土壤水分含量与群体光合速率之间存在良好的线性回归关系,方程拟合效果为极显著,表明30 cm以上土层土壤水分含量影响典型草原植物群体光合作用;MK突变检验分析表明,当典型草原0～10 cm土层土壤体积含水量低于9%时(对应重量含水量为6.82%,相对含水量为27.60%)、0～30 cm土层平均土壤体积含水量低于12%时(对应重量含水量为9.57%,相对含水量为39.24%),群体光合速率会受到非常明显的抑制。综合分析,在典型草原干旱预报预警中,可将0～10 cm土层土壤体积含水量低于9%、0～30 cm土层平均土壤体积含水量低于12%视为典型草原发生中度干旱时对应的土壤水分临界值。  相似文献   

Origin of resistance to pyrethroids in the redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor) in Australia: repeated local evolution and migration     

Qiong Yang  Paul A Umina  Gordana Ra&#x;i&#x;  Nicholas Bell  Jichao Fang  Alan Lord  Ary A Hoffmann 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):509-519

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Genome‐wide markers reveal temporal instability of local population genetic structure in the cotton fleahopper,Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Hemiptera: Miridae)     

Tyler J Raszick  Charles P‐C Suh  Charles Michael Dickens  Gregory A Sword 《Pest management science》2020,76(1):324-332

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Mitochondrial genes associated with pyrethroid resistance revealed by mitochondrial genome and transcriptome analyses in the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae)     

Yi‐Ran Ding  Zhen‐Tian Yan  Feng‐Ling Si  Xu‐Dong Li  Qi‐Meng Mao  Sana Asghar  Bin Chen 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):769-778

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Weed seed bank dynamics responses to long‐term chemical control in a rice–wheat cropping system     

Pinglei Gao  Zheng Zhang  Junming Shen  Yuxiang Mao  Shouhui Wei  Jiguang Wei  Ranling Zuo  Ruhai Li  Xiaoling Song  Sheng Qiang 《Pest management science》2020,76(6):1993-2003

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