接触施用包膜控释肥对玉米产量、根系分布和土壤残留无机氮的影响   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

杨俊刚  倪小会  徐凯  许俊香  曹兵  刘宝存 《植物营养与肥料学报》2010,16(4):924-930

采用田间小区试验,研究了习惯施肥与接触施用包膜控释肥料对夏玉米生长、产量、根系分布和土壤无机氮残留的影响。结果表明,接触施用包膜控释肥料没有抑制玉米的出苗和幼苗生长;减氮1/3的控释肥处理(N 120kg/hm2)与习惯施肥处理(N180 kg/hm2)的玉米产量没有差异。在0—30 cm土层,与对照和习惯施肥处理相比,接触施用控释肥增加了距茎基部0—10 cm区域内玉米根长密度的分布,占总根长的59%~64%;玉米收获后,减量控释肥处理土壤剖面各个土层Nmin含量与对照相比无显著增加,习惯施肥和全量控释肥处理(N 180 kg/hm2)在60—90、90—120 cm土层的Nmin累积显著高于对照。综合考虑玉米生长、产量以及根系分布和氮素淋失风险,本试验条件下,接触施用控释肥N120 kg/hm2是夏玉米季较为理想的选择。  相似文献   

Comparison of iron chelates and complexes supplied as foliar sprays and in nutrient solution to correct iron chlorosis of soybean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Patricia Rodríguez‐Lucena  Lourdes Hernández‐Apaolaza  Juan J. Lucena 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2010,173(1):120-126

The application of synthetic chelates is the most efficient remedy for correcting iron (Fe) chlorosis. However, chelates are usually expensive and nondegradable products. Recently, new degradable chelates have been proposed for their use as Fe fertilizers. Also, Fe complexes cheaper than synthetic chelates and derived from natural products are also used to correct Fe deficiencies. Fifteen products, including five different synthetic chelates (Fe‐EDDS, Fe‐IDHA, and three Fe‐EDTA formulations) and ten natural complexes (humates, lignosulfonates, amino acids, glycoproteins, polyamines, citrate, and gluconate), have been compared when applied at low concentration to soybean (Glycine max L.) chlorotic plants grown in hydroponics under controlled conditions. In the first experiment, Fe compounds were applied to the nutrient solution, while in the second trial, Fe was foliar‐supplied. Dry matter, Fe concentration in shoots and roots, and SPAD values were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Fe in the different products. In the nutrient‐solution experiment, synthetic chelates provided better plant growth, Fe concentration, and SPAD values than complexes. Among the Fe complexes, transferrin generally provided good plant responses, similar to those obtained with synthetic chelates. After foliar application, the highest regreening was observed for plants treated with synthetic chelates and amino acid complexes, but the translocation to roots only occurred for Fe lignosulfonate. Fe‐EDDS and Fe‐EDTA performed in a similar way when applied in nutrient solution or as foliar sprays.  相似文献   

氮锌配施对不同冬小麦品种产量及锌营养的影响   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11  

陆欣春  田霄鸿  杨习文  买文选  赵爱青  保琼莉 《中国生态农业学报》2010,18(5):923-928

为比较石灰性土壤氮锌配施对不同小麦品种生长及锌营养的影响,选10种本地主要种植小麦品种,进行连续两年的田间试验,测定小麦产量及锌含量。结果表明,在石灰性土壤上单施锌肥和氮锌配施对小麦产量、籽粒锌含量的影响因品种而异。单施锌肥及氮锌配施处理可显著增加土壤有效锌含量,但单施锌肥处理仅增加"西杂1号"、"武农148"、"郑麦9023"籽粒锌含量;氮锌配施增加除"小偃22"外其余9种供试小麦品种籽粒锌含量,增幅为7.3%～54.7%。单施锌肥对小麦锌累积量增加的效果不明显;氮锌配施可显著增加小麦地上部锌累积量,两季分别增加6.5%、29.8%。单施氮肥可显著增加小麦锌吸收,但其主要累积在小麦茎叶部。在石灰性土壤上,单施锌肥虽显著增加了土壤有效锌含量,但对小麦产量及籽粒Zn含量增加有限,氮锌肥配施可取得较好效果。  相似文献   

不同有机肥对橡胶中小苗寒害树生长的影响     

郑美漩  颜建中  黄志 《热带农业科学》2012,32(11):1-3

对2011年橡胶IAN873品系中小苗寒害树的4种不同配方有机肥的肥效进行试验,结果表明:肥料C(鱼粉+磷肥+尿素+功能菌+有机肥,施2.3 kg/株)处理的橡胶中小苗寒害树的茎增粗显著高于常规施肥(鱼粉+磷肥+有机肥,施3 kg/株)和肥料A(花生麸+磷肥+有机肥,施3 kg/株)处理,与肥料D(花生麸+鱼粉+磷肥+有机肥,施3 kg/株)处理差异不明显,但从树体长势程度来看肥料C处理显著优于其它肥料处理。  相似文献   

不同硒肥对马铃薯产量、硒含量及品质的影响     

殷金岩  耿增超  孟令军 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,40(9):122-127

【目的】研究不同硒肥对马铃薯产量、硒含量及品质的影响,为富硒马铃薯的生产提供依据。【方法】选用马铃薯“早大白”作为研究对象,采用不同用量（0(CK),1.5,3.0,6.0,10.0 mg/kg）硒酸钠硒肥、亚硒酸钠硒肥、生物炭基硒肥、保水缓释硒肥4种硒肥进行盆栽试验,研究4种硒肥对马铃薯产量、硒含量及淀粉含量的影响。【结果】硒肥用量为1.5 mg/kg（除亚硒酸钠硒肥外）时马铃薯产量增加,之后随着硒肥用量增加马铃薯产量降低;随着硒肥用量的增加,马铃薯总硒含量和有机硒的转化率均呈先升高后降低的趋势,综合考虑马铃薯的产量、总硒含量及有机硒的转化率,硒肥用量以3.0 mg/kg为宜。在适宜硒肥用量3.0 mg/kg时,4种硒肥不会影响马铃薯淀粉的累积。【结论】4种硒肥中,生物炭基硒肥、保水缓释硒肥对马铃薯的增产效果优于硒酸钠硒肥、亚硒酸钠硒肥,硒肥用量以3.0 mg/kg为宜。  相似文献   

通辽地区玉米“吨粮田”建设与施肥商榷     

代东明 《内蒙古农业科技》2012,(5):58-63

通辽地区玉米"吨粮田"建设,在施有机肥或秸秆还田的基础上,培肥地力,要保持农田土壤和玉米生长发育的生态平衡,采取对土壤、植株测试监控施肥技术,合理调控化肥的施用。建议利用霍林河风化煤生产腐植酸配方肥。  相似文献   

Effect of potential bioinoculants and organic manures on root‐rot and wilt,growth, yield and quality of organically grown Coleus forskohlii in a semiarid tropical region of Bangalore (India)     

R. Singh  A. Kalra  B. S. Ravish  S. Divya  T. N. Parameswaran  K. V. N. S. Srinivas  D. J. Bagyaraj 《Plant pathology》2012,61(4):700-708

Based on earlier results obtained in pot experiments, 2‐year field experiments were conducted with five bioinoculants and neem cake under organic field conditions (with vermicompost as a nutritional supplement) to evaluate their potential to control root‐rot and wilt (a complex problem involving Fusarium chlamydosporum and Ralstonia solanacearum) of the medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii. Plants treated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus fasciculatum), neem cake or Pseudomonas fluorescens showed significantly increased plant height (15–31%), plant spread (25–33%), number of branches (63–67%) and dry root (129–200%) yields, and reduced disease incidence (47–50%) compared to controls. Increases in yields were reflected by increases in N (51–81%), P (17–76%) and K (44–74%) uptake. The forskolin content of the roots was found not to be affected by any of the bioinoculants, but forskolin yield (calculated) was increased significantly by treatment with G. fasciculatum (227%), neem cake (222%) or P. fluorescens (159%).  相似文献   

不同有机肥处理对早红柿果实品质的影响     

尹兰香  廖汝玉  金光  郭瑞  周平  杨凌  沈清标  吴绍钟  曾宪唐 《福建农业学报》2012,27(4):385-388

以早红柿为试材,采用川田、圣达、鸡粪3种有机肥5、10 kg·株-1两种肥量进行施肥,于果实成熟时测定果实可滴定酸.维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量,比较3种有机肥不同处理对果实主要品质的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,施用3种有机肥都显著降低了早红柿果实可滴定酸含量,显著提高维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量; 3种有机肥中以川田有机肥的施用效果较好,其中以施用10 kg·株-1的川田有机肥效果最好.  相似文献   

基质肥料缓释基质的筛选及其氮素释放规律   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

张晓冬  史春余  隋学艳  陈晓光 《农业工程学报》2009,25(2):62-66

为提高基质肥料的缓释性能,该文选用10种有机和无机基质制备基质肥料,通过砂柱间歇淋洗的方法研究了基质肥料的氮素释放规律,并根据Logistic方程的参数和氮素释放拐点的UPGMA聚类分析评价了10种基质的缓释效果,结果表明：基质肥料氮素累积释放率随时间的动态变化可用一级动力学方程、Elovich方程、抛物线扩散方程和Logistic方程表征,其中以Logistic方程拟合效果最好,这说明定量描述氮素养分释放规律的方程中以Logistic方程评价更具有实效性,而有机基质中氧化淀粉和木质素的缓释效果较好,无机基质中膨润土的缓释效果最好。  相似文献   

植物氨基酸多元素肥料生物效应的研究进展   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

袁伟  董元华  王辉 《土壤》2009,41(1):16-20

本文重点对氨基酸多元素肥料的生物效应作了综述,并对其研究和发展方向及其在未来生态农业和绿色食品生产中的重要性和应用前景作了展望.  相似文献