基于CFD的Venlo温室夏季组合降温措施模拟研究     

周伟  汪小旵 《农机化研究》2015,(3):20-24

针对我国南方地区夏季高温高湿的气候条件,对采用天窗、外遮阳、内喷雾降温措施的试验Venlo温室内温度状况进行了模拟研究。以室外气候参数为边界条件,考虑作物和环境的相互作用,内喷雾系统和室内环境的质热交换以源项的形式加入到控制方程中,采用CFD(computational fluid dynamics)中的稳态方法求解控制方程,模拟Venlo型温室不同调控措施及组合下的温室内温度分布特点,分析各种调控措施的调控效果。模拟结果表明:采用加入源项的方法模拟内喷雾系统和室内空气的质热交换,其模拟值和实测值均方根误差RMSB为0.514 4℃,最大绝对误差为0.75℃,平均相对误差为1.3%,说明所建立的CFD模型有效。3种降温措施下,以外遮阳+自然通风的降温贡献率最大(80.6%),能耗最高的喷雾系统降温贡献率仅为34.8%,较高的环境湿度影响了喷雾系统的降温效率。CFD夏季降温模型的建立为温室作物系统的环境控制策略的制定提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing KLH binding natural antibodies and specific antibody response to Newcastle disease in Kenyan chicken populations     

Sophie Miyumo  Chrilukovian B. Wasike  Evans D. Ilatsia  Jörn Bennewitz  Mizeck G. Chagunda 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2023,140(1):106-120

This study aimed at investigating the influence of genetic and non-genetic factors on immune traits to inform on possibilities of genetic improvement of disease resistance traits in local chicken of Kenya. Immune traits such as natural and specific antibodies are considered suitable indicators of an individual's health status and consequently, used as indicator traits of disease resistance. In this study, natural antibodies binding to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH-NAbs) was used to measure general disease resistance. Specific antibodies binding to Newcastle disease virus (NDV-IgG) post vaccination was used to measure specific disease resistance. Titers of KLH-NAbs isotypes (KLH-IgM, KLH-IgG and KLH-IgA) and NDV-IgG were measured in 1,540 chickens of different ages ranging from 12 to 56 weeks. A general linear model was fitted to determine the effect of sex, generation, population type, phylogenetic cluster, line, genotype and age on the antibody traits. A multivariate animal mixed model was fitted to estimate heritability and genetic correlations among the antibody traits. The model constituted of non-genetic factors found to have a significant influence on the antibody traits as fixed effects, and animal and residual effects as random variables. Overall mean (±SE) concentration levels for KLH-IgM, KLH-IgG, KLH-IgA and NDV-IgG were 10.33 ± 0.04, 9.08 ± 0.02, 6.00 ± 0.02 and 10.12 ± 0.03, respectively. Sex, generation and age (linear covariate) significantly (p < 0.05) influenced variation across all the antibody traits. Genotype effects (p < 0.05) were present in all antibody traits, apart from KLH-IgA. Interaction between generation and line was significant (p < 0.05) in KLH-IgM and NDV-IgG while nesting phylogenetic cluster within population significantly (p < 0.05) influenced all antibody traits, apart from KLH-IgA. Heritability estimates for KLH-IgM, KLH-IgG, KLH-IgA and NDV-IgG were 0.28 ± 0.08, 0.14 ± 0.06, 0.07 ± 0.04 and 0.31 ± 0.06, respectively. There were positive genetic correlations (0.40–0.61) among the KLH-NAbs while negative genetic correlations (−0.26 to −0.98) were observed between the KLH-NAbs and NDV-IgG. Results from this study indicate that non-genetic effects due to biological and environmental factors influence natural and specific antibodies and should be accounted for to reduce bias and improve accuracy when evaluating the traits. Subsequently, the moderate heritability estimates in KLH-IgM and NDV-IgG suggest selection possibilities for genetic improvement of general and specific immunity, respectively, and consequently disease resistance. However, the negative correlations between KLH-NAbs and NDV-IgG indicate the need to consider a suitable approach that can optimally combine both traits in a multiple trait selection strategies.  相似文献   

A STUDY ON HEAT AND MOISTURE STATE OF HULL LAYER FOR THERMAL INSTULATION OF A COLD STORAGE     

Chen Qigao Feng Ya 《保鲜与加工》1993,(1)

This paper analyses the thermal moist characteristics of the hull layer beside an air layer at lower temperature in an envelope for a cold storage and presents a new method of waterproof by air layer. With test data from engineering practice, the theory on the barrier of self moisture proof at the surface sublayer of the hull layer in an attic on a cold storage is proven. The dried zone about three phase point is confirmed. It is a new knowledge for thermophysics on thermal design of a cold storage with an optimum thermal performance.  相似文献   

景观生态学原理在河道生态岸堤构   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

陈明曦  陈芳清  刘德富 《中国农村水利水电》2007,(1):84-87

分析了传统水工设计中岸堤(岸坡)构建的弊端、简要介绍了国内外学者在河流的生态整治方面的思想与观点。从景观生态学的角度着重介绍了岸堤(岸坡)生态系统的组成和主要特征、生态岸堤的多种功能和景观生态学内涵；提出了在生态岸堤设计中的坚持生态优先，同时重视景观性和稳定性；根据使用材料的不同对岸堤进行分类,对生态岸堤的植物群落的构建进行分析。本文可为从而为生态岸堤的构建、河流、洪泛区的治理提供一定的思路和参考。  相似文献   

自来水行业面临的挑战及对策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李雪松 《中国农村水利水电》2002,(2):49-51

自来水行业是一种关系公众切身利益的、自然垄断的经营性产业。通过分析，认为由于受旧的体制影响和多种原因，我国自来水行业目前面临着巨大的困难和挑战；指出要实现我国自来水行业的振兴，必须调整水价，改革体制，扩大市场，发展多种相关水的产业，增强全社会保护和合理利用水资源的意识。  相似文献   

Natural products as pesticides: Two examples of stereoselective synthesis     

Thomas Früh  Philippe Chemla  Jürg Ehrler  Saleem Farooq 《Pest management science》1996,46(1):37-47

The strategy and synthetic efforts leading to efficient stereoselective syntheses of thiangazole, a tris-thiazolinyl-oxazole metabolite isolated from Polyangium spp., and of hydantocidin, a spironucleoside metabolite isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus, are discussed.  相似文献   

茶叶提取物对抗肺癌细胞(A549)体外试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李伟  屠幼英 《茶叶》2006,32(1):28-30

观察表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、茶黄素-3、3'-双没食子酸酯(TFDG)、茶黄素(TF)、茶黄素复合物(TFs)、葡萄籽提取物(GrapeSeedExtract,GSE)、松树皮提取物(PineBarkExtract,PBE)、咖啡因(Caf)、槲寄生(VCE)和茶氨酸(The)的体外抗癌活性,通过人肺癌细胞(A549)进行体外试验,结果表明除咖啡因、槲寄生、茶氨酸的作用较小以外其他几种均有很强的促进人肺癌细胞(A549)凋亡的作用,并且EGCG的作用最强,顺序为EGCG、TFs>GSE>PBE、TFDG>TF。用作图法求得EGCG、GSE、PBE、TFDG和TF的IC50值分别为1.01μM、21.91μM、31.01μM、32.87μM和279.67μM。  相似文献   

中华秋沙鸭巢址选择及孵化期活动节律     

付俊卿  陈刚 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(5):100-101

2005年4—5月,在碧水中华秋沙鸭自然保护区观测两个鸭巢,记录了巢的特征值,巢周围的环境因子以及孵化期雌鸭的活动节律。结果表明,雌鸭选择在靠近溪流的树洞营巢,对人为活动不敏感。两个巢距地面高度为10m左右,内径约为0.2m,其他特征值有较大差异。鸭巢距溪流的距离小于10m,距公路也很近。雌鸭每日外出觅食的时间比较稳定,孵化末期有一定波动。影响觅食行为的主要因素是天气,晴天觅食时间较长,外出次数也较多。每日清晨和午间觅食活动频繁,并集中在1d的2h之内。孵化期为23d左右。  相似文献   

Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Effects of Isaridin E Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus via Downregulating the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway     

Ni Pan  Zi-Cheng Li  Zhi-Hong Li  Sen-Hua Chen  Ming-Hua Jiang  Han-Yan Yang  Yao-Sheng Liu  Rui Hu  Yu-Wei Zeng  Le-Hui Dai  Lan Liu  Guan-Lei Wang 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

Isaridin E, a cyclodepsipeptide isolated from the marine-derived fungus Amphichorda felina (syn. Beauveria felina) SYSU-MS7908, has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. Here, we first found that isaridin E concentration-dependently inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation, activation, and secretion in vitro, but did not affect collagen- or thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Furthermore, isaridin E dose-dependently reduced thrombosis formation in an FeCl₃-induced mouse carotid model without increasing the bleeding time. Mechanistically, isaridin E significantly decreased the ADP-mediated phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. In conclusion, these results suggest that isaridin E exerts potent antithrombotic effects in vivo without increasing the risk of bleeding, which may be due to its important role in inhibiting ADP-induced platelet activation, secretion and aggregation via the PI3K/Akt pathways.  相似文献   

控制小菜蛾的赤眼蜂田间种群保护与增殖研究     

陈科伟  黄寿山  何余容 《华南农业大学学报》2006,27(2):35-38

通过建立十字花科蔬菜间作甜玉米、黑光灯诱虫育蜂笼这2种田间保护增殖措施,探讨了玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae、拟澳洲赤眼蜂T.confusum以及卷蛾分索赤眼蜂Trichogranunatoidea baarae对小菜蛾Plutella xylonella种群数量控制的作用．结果表明：十字花科蔬菜地间作甜玉米使得玉米螟赤眼蜂对小菜蛾卵寄生率有明显的提高,为4．62％～11．47％;黑光灯诱虫育蜂笼的设立对田间小菜蛾卵寄生蜂的种群数量起到了良好的增殖作用,自2002年4月初到6月底,诱集小菜蛾产卵127300粒,培育卷蛾分索赤眼蜂10万多头．在育蜂笼设立初期,笼内小菜蛾卵的寄生率为87．34％,距笼5m之外其寄生率急剧下降,其有效扩散范围不超过20m．2个月后的调查表明,赤眼蜂可逐步扩散到离育蜂笼30m处,各调查点之间寄生率的差距逐渐缩小,在距笼25m范围内,小菜蛾卵的寄生率维持在50％以上,有效地抑制了小菜蛾种群数量的增长．  相似文献