21世纪以来我国经济林资源动态变化浅析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚顺彬 《林业资源管理》2014,(Z1)

基于21世纪以来3次全国森林资源连续清查结果,对我国经济林面积总量、林种结构、品种结构、经济林经营集约化程度等4个方面的动态变化,以及主要树种主产区分布、经济林地稳定性,进行了初步分析,得出了我国经济林资源“总量变化趋于平稳、结构变化较为频繁、主产区分布基本定型、经营集约化程度进一步提升”的初步结论。  相似文献   

集宁地区近40年气温变化趋势与特征分析     

索慧  ;寿绍文  ;包福祥  ;于莉丽  ;白海云 《内蒙古农业科技》2014,(4):69-72

分析了集宁地区1971-2010年平均气温、最高气温、最低气温的气候变化趋势和特征,结果表明,近40a集宁地区增温显著,平均气温的增温速率超过全国以及内蒙古平均水平,且呈非对称性增温,表现在最低气温增温早、速率大,突变分析也证明了这一点。另外,通过小波系数实部分析,集宁地区的近40a平均气温以及最高、最低气温变化均以准10a周期震荡为主。  相似文献   

贵州草海底泥-上覆水中氮磷含量时空分布特征     

张家春  林绍霞  张清海  何腾兵  林昌虎 《广东农业科学》2014,41(9):184-188

为促进贵州高原湿地草海的可持续发展,改善草海水环境状况,恢复草海保护区的湿地功能,研究了草 海在丰水期和枯水期的底泥及上覆水的氮磷时间和空间分布特征,并以叶地表水环境质量标准曳作为评价依据对草 海水质进行评价。结果表明,两个时期草海底泥TN 和TP 呈现中等程度的空间变异性。丰水期草海底泥TN 的空间 特征是S 区跃N 区跃E 区,丰水期和枯水期底泥碱解氮含量为S 区跃N 区跃E 区;丰水期底泥有效磷含量分布规律为E 区跃N 区跃S 区,枯水期底泥有效磷含量为E 区跃S 区跃N 区。丰水期和枯水期草海底泥TN、碱解氮含量由南至北逐渐 升高,西至东逐渐升高。草海的东水域区的各项指标数值都比西水域区高。草海底泥及上覆水中主要是草海周边农 田化肥、周边村落畜禽养殖所产生的粪尿和居民的生活污水。应重视农业生产中对废弃物和废水排放量的限制。  相似文献   

华北冬小麦开花及成熟期变化特征分析     

邱美娟  刘建栋  邬定荣  刘玲  王治海 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2014,(3):250-255

利用华北平原59个农业气象观测站1981—2010年冬小麦生育期资料,分析了该区域冬小麦在气候变暖背景下开花期和成熟期的变化趋势特征。研究结果表明：近30年来,华北平原冬小麦开花期和成熟期均发生了明显变化。相对1980s而言,1990s开花期普遍提前2～5 d,成熟期提前1～6 d左右,2000s开花期则一般提前3～9 d,成熟期提前1～7 d左右。因此,随着年代推进,华北平原冬小麦开花期和成熟期提前趋势在进一步加剧。相对1980s而言,1990s生育期等值线普遍北移,而2000s等值线进一步北移的趋势更加明显。研究发现,3—5月月平均气温升高是开花期和成熟期提前的一个重要影响因素。  相似文献   

不同化感型杉木无性系根际土壤微生物数量季节动态     

曹光球  ;陈爱玲  ;曹世江  ;薛明瑜  ;吴薇  ;林思祖 《亚热带农业研究》2014,(2):73-79

以杉木化感忍耐型和化感敏感型无性系为材料,杉木1代林、连栽2代林、连栽3代林以及阔叶林土壤为培养基质,采用盆栽方式,测定不同化感型杉木无性系根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量的季节动态。研究表明,相同培养基质及测试时间下,杉木忍耐型无性系根际土壤微生物总数及细菌、放线菌和真菌数量均高于敏感型无性系,且随着培养时间延长,增加幅度逐渐变大。同一培养基质下,不同化感型杉木无性系根际土壤微生物总数及细菌数量表现为2011年9月最高,2011年12月最低;真菌及放线菌则表现为2011年6月最高,2011年12月最低。相同测试时间下,随着连栽代数的增加,不同化感型杉木无性系根际土壤微生物总数及细菌、真菌和放线菌数量均呈逐渐下降趋势。  相似文献   

Using ecological trajectories to track long-term taxonomic and functional changes in benthic shallow soft-bottom communities (Bay of Saint-Brieuc,English Channel)     

Anthony Sturbois  Gaëtan Cormy  Alexandre Le Moal  Gauthier Schaal  Caroline Broudin  Eric Thiébaut  Alain Ponsero  Patrick Le Mao  Auriane Jones  Pascal Riera  Olivier Gauthier  Nicolas Desroy 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(11):3013-3033

1. Taxonomic and functional trajectories of benthic assemblages were studied in shallow soft-bottom sediments in the bay of Saint-Brieuc (Western English Channel). Changes were assessed at different spatial and temporal scales using a macrobenthic dataset based on 38 stations sampled in 1987 and 2019, coupled with data from one station sampled annually between 2005 and 2019 as part of the European Water Framework Directive monitoring programme.
2. Taxonomic trajectories indicated 1) changes in the structure and distribution of benthic assemblages, 2) an homogenization of the assemblages, and 3) significant functional shifts.
3. Fishing activities and nutrient enrichment are probably strong drivers of the observed changes, as suggested by the higher mortality rate of fragile, flexible, tubiculous and burrowing species, and the increase in the abundance of opportunistic species in the assemblages. Certain populations of macroinvertebrates seem jointly controlled by climate change and by the aforementioned local factors of disturbance.
4. The Community Trajectory Analysis framework appears as a new and interesting method to track ecological changes in marine ecosystems by measuring change with respect to a baseline state, to help define ecological recovery (station returning to the initial ecological state) and departure (station presenting increased changes over time), and to analyse trajectory similarity.
5. According to the degradation of habitat over time, we identify the need for the implementation of knowledge-based conservation strategies, especially within Natura 2000 sites.

  相似文献   

Challenging conservation of migratory species: Sahelian rainfalls drive first-year survival of the vulnerable Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni     

Jean-Baptiste Mihoub  Olivier Gimenez  François Sarrazin 《Biological conservation》2010,143(4):839-847

In the context of attested global changes, accurate estimation of whether climatic fluctuations impact on population demographic parameters is needed for adequate management, especially for migratory species. We present a capture-recapture analysis linking survival rates of the vulnerable Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) to annual rainfalls in the Sahel region, considered as a proxy of climatic conditions on wintering grounds. Recapture data were obtained from field observations of individuals ringed and sexed as juveniles over a 14-year monitoring period (1994-2007). We addressed a common but problematic situation in birds where: (i) sex is known with certainty for first-summer or older birds but only suspected for juveniles, and (ii) a large proportion of individuals never return to the study population (e.g. transient behavior). Transient behavior and unknown sexes were explicitly integrated considering a two age class in a multistate capture-recapture model. Survival was time-varying for juveniles (geometric mean: 0.499 ± 0.021) but constant - and higher - for adults (0.718 ± 0.013). Yearling survival probabilities were strongly correlated with rainfalls in the Sahel, suggesting a high dependence of juvenile upon the wintering conditions. While taking sex uncertainty into account, we detected no sex-dependence in survival. Incorporating the sensitivity of survival of wintering migratory birds to climatic variables such as precipitations in arid Sahelian ecosystem may allow to model conservation scenarios with a greater realism. Finally, we encourage the development of international management strategies for migratory species on wintering areas in addition to the existing conservation actions on summering Mediterranean grounds.  相似文献   

Contrasting intraspecific dietary shifts in two terapontid assemblages from Australia’s wet‐dry tropics     

Aaron M. Davis  Bradley J. Pusey  Richard G. Pearson 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2012,21(1):42-56

Abstract – This study assessed the size‐related patterns of dietary resource use in terapontid assemblages from two north Australian wet‐dry tropical river systems exhibiting contrasting long‐term flow regimes. Substantially higher size‐related dietary divergence in the form of additional trophic guilds and lower levels of dietary overlap were evident among terapontids from the comparatively stable Daly River system, particularly during the dry season. Relatively restricted expression of size‐related dietary shifts in conjunction with higher levels of dietary overlap and no significant seasonal effects on dietary overlap were features of assemblage interaction in the highly variable Burdekin River. Results highlight size‐related dietary shifts as a complex aspect of terapontid trophic habits, and one that can exhibit considerable spatial dynamism.  相似文献   

Phenotypic variation in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 does not influence plant growth promotion effects     

《Soil biology & biochemistry》2013

The Azospirillum genus comprises free-living, plant growth-promoting, nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the rhizosphere of plant roots. Azospirilla are able to promote plant growth mainly through improvement of root development. Bacterial surface components, such as extracellular polysaccharides and proteins, are involved in root colonization. Phase variation – or phenotypic variation – is one of the mechanisms by which microorganisms adapt to environmental changes. This phenomenon is characterized by the presence of a sub-population of the bacteria presenting a different phenotype relative to the major population. In this study we characterized phenotypic variation of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7. When plated on solid media, some A. brasilense colonies were shown to possess a much more mucoid morphology, producing 7.5–8 times more exopolysaccharide with different monosaccharide composition than the parental strain Sp7. The rate of appearance of this kind of variant colonies was 1 in 5000, in agreement with the accepted rate for the phase/phenotypic variation phenomenon. The variants were significantly more resistant to heat and UV-exposure than the parental strain and displayed genomic changes as seen by the different band patterns following ERIC-PCR, BOX-PCR and RAPD analyses. In plant inoculation experiments under greenhouse conditions, with maize, wheat, soybean and peanuts, the EPS overproducing variants performed as similar as the parental strain. Therefore, EPS overproduction did not confer an apparent advantage to A. brasilense in terms of induction of plant growth promotion.  相似文献   

放射性肺纤维化大鼠动物模型的建立及其病变规律   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

刘纯杰  王德文  高亚兵  熊呈琦  崔雪梅  杨振国  潘耀谦  高丰  郑兆荣 《中国兽医学报》2000,20(6)

用 60 Coγ射线对二级雌性 Wistar大鼠 (体重 ( 2 2 0± 2 0 ) g) 2 2 3只进行 30 Gy全胸单次照射 ,其中照射野为 4 .5cm× 4 .0 cm,照距为 3m,剂量率为 2 .7Gy/ min。分别于照后 3、7、1 4、2 1、2 8、4 2、56、70、90、1 80、2 70、36 5d共 1 2个时间点进行了取材观察。结果表明 ,肺脏病变初期呈急性变化 ,以后转为亚急性或慢性进行性发展过程 ,可大致分为 2个阶段 4个期。早期即急性炎症期或渗出期 ,中期为增生期 ,这 2期合为疾病的第 1阶段 ,称为放射性肺炎。后期即纤维化期 ,晚期即胶原化期 ,这 2期共同构成本病的第 2个阶段 ,称为进行性间质纤维化阶段  相似文献