截形叶螨抗药性主导机制的研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

范志金  陈年春 《植物保护学报》1996,23(2):175-180

研究室内汰选培育的截形叶螨(Tetranychus truncatus Ehara)抗性种群表明,截形叶螨抗久效磷的主导机制可能是乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)敏感性降低,谷胱甘肽—S—转移酶(GST)和多功能氧化酶(MFO)活性升高。抗三氟氯氰菊酯截形叶螨的主导机制是MFO和羧酸酯酶活性增强,以及羧酸酯酶发生变构,对底物(α—NA)的亲和力(R/S=5)和比活力(R/S=2)上升。生物测定结果TPP、SV_1和PBo对三氟氯氰菊酯都有增效作用,增效比值分别为2、3和6倍。截形叶螨抗三氯杀螨醇的主导机制是GST代谢毒物的能力增强,GST比活力上升(R/S=2),CH_3I对三氯杀螨醇有一定增效作用(2倍)。  相似文献   

稻田飞虱、狼蛛种群密度动态数据时间序列预报模型     

李绍石  胡正军  王洪全 《植物保护学报》1989,16(1):1-6

本文利用湖南湘阴1977—1984年田间动态数据,建立了飞虱ARIMA与狼蛛ARMA预报模式。计算值与观测值的相关系数分别为0.860和0.785。对1985年早稻一季长期数量预报应验率高。文中还分析了密度制约信号与环境噪声的生物学意义。大量的病虫特征田间观测、灯诱、性诱等定时记录,时间以离散形式变化,特征随时间变化,彼此间既有某种统计的依赖关系,又受各种偶然因素影响,表现出某种随机性。时间序列分析提供了处理这种离散动态系统的数据建立模型和预报的方法。  相似文献   

棉花蚜螨繁殖率及棉蚜再猖獗   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

顾中言  韩丽娟  王强  黄祥麟  许小龙 《植物保护学报》1993,20(4):319-324

氰戊菊酯曾对棉蚜有极好的防治效果,而对棉叶螨防治效果极差。棉蚜抗药性的发展使药效发生了变化,近来的试验表明,该药对蚜虫药效很差,对伏蚜根本无效,１００和２００ｐｐｍ对棉蚜已属低浓度,可使其繁殖率增加４－８倍,在田间使用氰戊菊酯可形成大的棉蚜群体。在相同浓度下一般可抑制棉叶蚜群体,使药后存活很少的棉叶螨在种间竞争中处于劣势而使群体越来越小。氰戊菊酯的复配剂－丰收菊酯弥补了氰戊菊酯的不足,可同时控制蚜  相似文献   

First record of the invasive mite<Emphasis Type="Italic">Tetranychus evansi</Emphasis> in Greece     

A. Tsagkarakou  S. Cros-Arteil  M. Navajas 《Phytoparasitica》2007,35(5):519-522

The red spider miteTetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) Baker and Pritchard was recorded for the first time in Greece, in the area of Tympaki (south-central Crete) onSolanum nigrum. T. evansi is a pest of crops of the family Solanaceae, which are grown extensively in Crete. The species identification was based on both morphological and molecular data. The second internal transcribed spacer was PCR amplified and sequenced in samples from Crete. Sequences were compared with the sequence ofT. evansi from Brazil and with the ITS2 sequences (retrieved from GenBank) of the two closely related tetranychid species most commonly found in Greece,Tetranychus turkestan andTetranychus urticae.  相似文献   

稻田不同种植模式对蜘蛛群落的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张志罡  孙继英  付秀芹  颜亨梅  黄志农 《中国植保导刊》2007,27(6):5-8

2002～2004年对湖南省湘阴县藠头—水稻轮作模式和西瓜—水稻镶嵌种植模式示范基地的稻田蜘蛛进行实地调查,分析了这2种水稻种植模式中蜘蛛群落结构和季节消长动态。结果表明,西瓜—水稻模式田的物种丰富度(44)及多样性指数(4.259 54)最高;其次为藠头—水稻模式田,其物种丰富度为41、多样性指数为4.213 10;最低的是常规的双季早、晚稻田,早、晚稻的物种丰富度分别为38和32,多样性指数分别为4.110 54和3.947 63。说明采用前2种稻田种植模式,不但丰富了稻田景观元素,而且天敌蜘蛛种群数量和种类均有较显著增加。在水稻大面积种植区推广水旱轮作或间作经济作物的耕作模式,可有效地保护稻田蜘蛛等天敌,控制害虫。同时,可提高单位土地的经济效益,增加农民收入。  相似文献   

Resistance in Cucumis sativus L. to Tetranychus urticae Koch. 1. The role of plant breeding in integrated control     

De Ponti  O. M. B. 《Euphytica》1977,26(3):633-640

Summary The role of plant breeding and particularly of host plant resistance in integrated control is discussed. Host plant resistance to insects and mites, especially to Tetranychus urticae is reviewed. A standard terminology for disease and pest resistance is recommended.  相似文献   

A novel source of resistance to the two-spotted spider mite in Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Jusl.) Mill.: its genetics as affected by interplot interference     

Rafael Fernández-Muñoz  Eva Domínguez  Jesús Cuartero 《Euphytica》2000,111(3):169-173

We have previously found an accession of Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Jusl.) Mill. (`TO-937') that appeared to resist attack by the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). L. pimpinellifolium is a very close relative of the cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and thereby a potential source of desirable traits that could be introgressed to the crop species. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetics of the resistance present in `TO-937'. Resistance to infestation by the spider mite was quantified in 24-plant plots of L. pimpinellifolium accessions `TO-937' and `PE-10', L. pennellii accession `PE-45', L. esculentum cultivars `Moneymaker', `Roma' and `Kalohi' (reported to be partially resistant: Stoner & Stringfellow, 1967), and the interspecific F₁ cross, L. esculentum `Moneymaker' × L. pimpinellifolium `TO-937'. Only `TO-937', the F<sub>1</sub>, and`PE-45' were found to be resistant. Resistance of `TO-937' was complete when evaluated in two small greenhouses completely planted with `TO-937' so as to simulate the genotypic homogeneity usual in commercial crops. Generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, BC₁P₁, and BC₁P₂) of a P₁ (susceptible) × P₂ (resistant) cross (`Moneymaker' × `TO-937') were studied for resistance in a single-plant per plot design. Resistance of `TO-937' was inherited with complete dominance and appeared to be controlled by either two or four genes according to whether segregation in the F₂ or the BC₁P₁, respectively, were considered. However, calculation of the number of genes involved in the resistance was complicated by negative interplot interference due to the high frequency of resistant genotypes within most of the generations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

蜘蛛的几种定量采集方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑国  王淑贤  李学军 《中国森林病虫》2011,30(2)

介绍了野外采集森林冠层、树干和地表层蜘蛛的冠层喷雾法、树干陷阱法和单位地表面积法,分别阐述了每种方法的特点及使用时的注意事项,并探讨了3种采集方法在生物多样性研究及保护中的应用前景。  相似文献   

Effects of Droplet Distribution on Insecticide Toxicity to Asian Corn Borers （ Ostrinia fumaeafis） and Spiders （Xysticus ephippiatus）   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

YANG Dai-bin  ZHANG Lin-na  YAN Xiao-jing  WANG Zhen-ying  YUAN Hui-zhu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(1):124-133

Distribution of horizontal boom produced droplets downwards into maize canopies at flowering period and its effects on the efficacies of emamectin benzoate, lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole against the second generation of Asian corn borer （ACB） larvae and their toxicity to spiders were studied. When insecticides were sprayed downwards into the maize canopies, randomly filtering out droplets by upper leaves led to great variations of droplet coverage and density within the canopies. Consequently, the efficacies of lambda-cyhalothrin and emamectin benzoate against ACB larvae were decreased because of randomly filtering out droplets by upper leaves. But field investigation showed that lambda-cyhalothrin was extremely toxic to hunting spiders, Xysticus ephippiatus, and not suitable to IPM programs in regulation of the second generation of ACB. Therefore, randomly filtering out droplets by upper leaves decreased lambda-cyhalothrin＇s efficacy against ACB larvae, but did little to decrease its toxicity to X. ephippiatus. Amamectin benzoate can reduce the populations of X. ephippiatus by 58.1-61.4%, but the populations can recover at the end of the experiment. Chlorantraniliprole was relatively safe to X. ephippiatus. It only reduced the populations of X. ephippiatus by 22.3-33.0%, and the populations can totally recover 9 d after application.  相似文献   

江西黎川岩泉自然保护区蜘蛛研究初报   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12  

袁凤辉  陈连水  饶军  颜亨梅 《江西农业大学学报》2004,26(4):512-516

报道了江西岩泉自然保护区蜘蛛调查结果。目前已发现的蜘蛛计25科72属148种．其中江西新记录种77种;除此之外,还有未确定种16种。  相似文献