常用国产阳离子季胺盐在蚕业消毒中的性能与应用     

卢亦愚 《蚕业科学》1986,(3)

本文作了若干国产季胺盐对蚕业病原物的杀灭效果试验,并探讨了环境中的pH、温度,有机物,作用时间,无机离子,纤维物等对季胺盐药效的影响,及添加1％新鲜石灰后季胺盐的杀菌情况变化,认为季胺盐石灰浆在蚕业消毒中应该与漂白粉类互相补充,作为蚕业环境的常用消毒剂。文中还对季胺盐消毒效果测定中的若干问题进行了分析与讨论。  相似文献   

内标法同时测定挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的方法探究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜芳  王佳堃  刘建新 《中国畜牧杂志》2009,45(21)

选用巴豆酸作为内标物,以内标标准曲线法定量,探讨无需任何前处理便能同时测定挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的最佳色谱条件。用HP-INNOWAX(19091N-133)毛细管柱,以高纯氮作为载气,用氢火焰离子化检测器对挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸进行测定。结果表明:其理想检测条件为载气总压力160kPa,气化室温度250℃,检测室温度270℃,柱温采用程序升温法,初始温度120℃,然后以10℃/min升温速率升至220℃,保持2min。  相似文献   

Spontaneous postharvest fermentation of açai (Euterpe oleracea) fruit     

《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2013

Açai (Euterpe oleracea) fruit (EOF) are widely commercialized in the Brazilian Amazon. These fruit contain a high bacterial load and are transported on boards stowed inside or outside the holds of small boats. In this context, postharvest parameters were assessed under conditions that simulated these two methods of EOF transport: stowage in closed polystyrene boxes, simulating the inside of cargo holds, i.e., transport in a closed system; and open baskets, simulating transport in an open environment, i.e., transport in the prow or bow of the boat. EOF suffered spontaneous fermentation of alcoholic, acetic, and lactic types in the closed system, which is the most common type of transportation of this fruit. In the closed system, there was a predominance of lactic acid bacteria over acetic acid bacteria, with 82% and 95% of the initial content of d-glucose and d-fructose being consumed, respectively, after 27 h of experiment. The weight loss reached 1.7% and there was a logarithmic decrease of the major phenolic compounds of the fruit in the closed system, with losses of 78% of cyanidin-3-rutinoside, 88% of cyanidin-3-glucoside, 78% of homorientin, and 72% of orientin after 27 h, which was higher than in the open system (58%, 66%, 73% and 62%, respectively). Analyses on EOF stowed in a closed system indicated that the respiratory rate was characteristic of a non-climacteric fruit, i.e., it showed a logarithmic decay in the production of CO₂ (R² = 0.995; P < 0.05). Thus, transport in a closed system results in more drastic nutritional and functional changes on EOF than when transport is carried out in an open system, suggesting that transportation in continuous aerobic conditions and a short period of time between picking and processing are preferable.  相似文献   

圆柏枝叶对小鼠自发行为及生理生化指标的影响          下载免费PDF全文

卓盼  刘金娟  李晓储  王琦祺  李长根  蒋继宏 《林业科学研究》2015,28(1):140-144

选择城市绿化重要树种圆柏为研究对象,探讨北美圆柏枝叶对小鼠自发活动及其生理生化指标的影响及挥发性物质与环境间的关系。采用旷场分析法,将入组的30只昆明小鼠分成3组:对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组,低剂量组和高剂量组分别对应地暴露于210 g和420 g圆柏枝叶中,每天4 h,连续处理6 d,观察小鼠各行为指标,结合医学手段分析小鼠相应的生理生化指标。结果表明,小鼠的中央格运动路程、总路程及中央格运动时间都呈现一定的剂量反应;体质量呈稳定增长趋势;生理指标正常,生化指标有部分超出正常范围。经低浓度枝叶挥发物处理的小鼠兴奋性增强,探究和认知能力增强,且其食欲没有受到影响,但是引起部分生化指标的异常,其作用机制还需进一步的探索。研究结果为圆柏作为生态保健树用于城市森林人居环境建设绿化配置提供科学依据。  相似文献   

萃取大红袍花椒挥发油的研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

龚祝南  弭向辉  梁侨丽  廖学巍  张卫明 《林产化学与工业》2005,25(2):83-86

利用超临界CO2萃取装置，采用动态萃取的方法，研究了压力、温度、萃取时间等因子对花椒挥发油萃取的影响，为规模化生产及其相关研究提供了科学依据。研究表明，样品200g粒度40目，最佳的萃取条件为：压力33MPa，温度55℃，时间1．0h，花椒挥发油萃取率为10．2％。气-质联用分析花椒挥发油结果表明，挥发油为3-甲基-2氮杂芴、γ-萜品烯、3-蒈烯等31种化舍物组成。其中3-甲基-2-氮杂芴含量最高，达到18．63％。  相似文献   

光肩星天牛对干旱胁迫下复叶槭挥发物的嗅觉反应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金幼菊  李继泉  李建光  骆有庆  Stephen A Teale 《林业科学》2004,40(1):99-105

对干旱胁迫下3a生复叶槭的挥发物进行了鉴定。当复叶槭受到干旱胁迫时，9种化合物释放量升高(包括：丁醇、戊醇、反—2—己烯—1—醛、顺—3—己烯—1—醇、戊醛、戊酸、己醛、己酸、苯乙酮)，而长叶烯释放量降低：复叶槭复水后苯乙酮升高，但其他挥发物释放量降低。通过GC—EAD检测了光肩星天牛对其中某些化合物的触角电位反应，并使用诱捕器和人工合成单体进行了田间生测实验。丁醇、戊醇和顺—3—己烯—1—醇能引起光肩星天牛的触角反应，这一结果在田间实验中得到了证实。这表明干旱胁迫在光肩星天牛选择寄主植物方面起着重要作用。  相似文献   

气质联用技术在红木挥发油成分分析中的应用     

石江涛  骆嘉言 《林业科技开发》2015,29(3):77-80

香气包含有多种挥发性物质,是红木识别鉴定的重要辅助特征.采用气相色谱质谱联用技术比较分析了4种红木木材挥发油化学组成的异同.结果表明:鸟足紫檀与大果紫檀的挥发油色谱峰相近,两者具有较多共有谱峰;微凹黄檀与刀状黑黄檀的挥发油色谱峰相似,但特有色谱峰较明显.鸟足紫檀和大果紫檀挥发油主要组分为八氢-4a,8-四甲基-2-萘甲醇、十氢-4a-三甲基-8-亚甲基-2-萘甲醇和6a,11a-二氢-3,9-二甲氧基-6H-二苯并呋喃;微凹黄檀和刀状黑黄檀挥发油主要组分为1,7,7-三甲基苯亚乙基双环[2,2,1]庚-2-酮;刀状黑黄檀还含有较多的9-甲氧基-2,3,5,7-四甲基吡咯并喹啉和4-甲基-2-[5-(2-噻吩基)吡唑-3-基]苯酚.挥发油色谱峰和化学组成的差异可用于红木材种鉴别,同时为红木的精细化利用提供参考.  相似文献   

4种木材常温下醛和萜烯挥发物的释放   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

龙玲  王金林 《木材工业》2007,21(3):14-17

利用高效液相色谱仪和气相色谱仪分析4种木材(杉木、杨木、马尾松和尾叶桉)中有机挥发物的成分及含量,结果表明:4种木材生材常温均可释放多种醛和萜烯挥发物,其中乙醛的释放量最高;杉木和杨木释放的醛类明显高于马尾松和尾叶桉;杉木释放的萜烯类明显高于其他3种木材;温度由20 ℃上升到40 ℃,杉木醛类和萜烯类释放量显著增加.  相似文献   

Composition of pyrolyzate from Japanese green tea     

Miyusse Sakasegawa  Mitsuyoshi Yatagai 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(1):73-76

Green tea is a beverage that is produced by hot-water extraction of the leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). As the amount of green tea consumption has increased, the importance of using the residue has grown. To address this problem, chemical compositions of two pyrolyzates obtained with an electric kiln, L and G, which were obtained from the tea leaf product and its hot-water extraction residue, respectively, were examined. Both pyrolyzates were alkaline, in contrast to the acidic pHs that are typical of pyrolyzates from wood materials. The major constituents were nitrogen-containing compounds, which accounted for up to about 70% (based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry peak area). Caffeine was the main compound in both samples, although it might not be a pyrolysis product but actually sublimates from the samples and then condenses back into the pyrolyzates. Other nitrogen-containing compounds were formed mainly from proteins and amino acids. Acids and phenols, which are typical components in pyrolyzates obtained from wood materials and contribute to acidic pH, were rare in both samples. Other neutral compounds are known as compounds in pyrolyzates from wood materials. The pyrolyzates obtained in this experiment were novel and may have new uses.Contents of this report was presented in the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Gifu, 2002  相似文献   

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Adult Anoplophom glabripennis (Motschulsky) to Volatile Components of Host-Plant     

Fan Hui Li Jiquan Jin YoujuCollege of Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Beijing Forestry University  Beijing  P. R. China 《中国林学(英文版)》2003,(1)

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.  相似文献