大蒜花序轴离体培养的研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9  

熊正琴  李式军  刘高琼  黄保健 《南京农业大学学报》2000,23(3):25-28

以大蒜花序轴为外植体,研究了不同品种、不同生长阶段花序轴离体培养的差异和不同ｐＨ值、激素组成对花序轴培养的影响以及继代培养基种类、激素组成及糖原条件。结果表明,取未熟花序轴为外植体,其繁殖系数可高达７６;花序轴培养适宜条件为Ｂ５＋ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,ｐＨ６．５;花序轴培养效率存在品种间差异;继代培养条件为ＭＢ＋ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＧＡ３０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ,  相似文献   

东北葱属植物的研究     

图力古尔  张殿仁 《吉林农业大学学报》1993,15(4):45-48

本文记载东北地区产葱属植物共计２４种２变种１变型，报道其中１１种的染色体数目，并对一些分类学问题进行了讨论，为该属植物的进一步研究提供资料。  相似文献   

光照对沙葱种子萌发及抗氧化代谢的影响     

郭霏  鄂圆圆  杨忠仁  郝丽珍  张凤兰  朱文峰  夏峰 《种子》2017,(8):28-31

研究了光照对沙葱种子萌发及抗氧化代谢的影响,结果表明,12h光照和24 h光照下的沙葱种子发芽率仅为对照的20.8％和8.8％,表明沙葱存在光休眠现象,为需暗种子;在12 h和24 h光照处理下,催芽前期SOD、POD活性及Vc含量水平较高,MDA和CAT含量低于0h;而在种子萌发后期,SOD、POD活性降低,MDA和CAT含量升高,说明在光胁迫下,沙葱种子萌发后期的膜脂过氧化作用增强.  相似文献   

营养液铵硝比对砂培韭菜生长及硝酸盐含量的影响     

孙世海  彭立新  卢兴霞  李慧  吴琼  张园园 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(14):7223-7226

[目的]研究不同铵硝比营养液对韭菜生长及硝酸盐含量的影响。[方法]2008～2009年,对日光温室内砂培的2年生韭菜,分别浇施总氮量相同、铵硝比为0∶100,15∶85,30∶70,45∶55和60∶40的营养液。[结果]提高营养液铵硝比不仅大幅度降低了韭菜硝酸盐含量,而且显著地提高了春季韭菜的总产量。铵硝混合营养处理的韭菜硝酸盐含量极显著低于纯硝营养,铵硝比60∶40和45∶55处理的韭菜硝酸盐含量最低,均比纯硝营养降低了59.8%;铵硝比45∶55和30∶70处理的韭菜总产量显著高于纯硝营养,分别增产22.4%和14.0%。铵硝比对单茬韭菜产量的影响因收获时期不同而异,增铵对提高第1茬产量的作用最大、对第3茬无明显作用。[结论]45∶55和30∶70是适合韭菜砂培的营养液铵硝比。  相似文献   

大蒜根际土壤微生物数量及酶活性动态研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周艳丽  王艳  李金英  薛艳杰 《安徽农业科学》2011,(5):2740-2741,2744

[目的]研究大蒜不同时期根际微生物数量及土壤酶活性的变化。[方法]以白皮蒜和紫皮蒜为试验材料,分别测定不同时期根际微生物数量及土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性。[结果]各时期2个大蒜品种均促进了根际土壤中细菌、放线菌和真菌的生长,间接提高了根际土壤中脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性,从而促进了大蒜根际土壤中氮、磷等营养元素的周转与循环,为下茬作物生长提供了良好的微生态环境。[结论]该研究为大蒜作为一种良好的前茬作物的生态学研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

韭菜对盆栽粉蕉苗枯萎病的抑制作用     

杨静美  冯岩  王晓容  夏恭澍 《仲恺农业技术学院学报》2011,(2):29-31

以香蕉枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense）4号生理小种孢子悬浮液接种盆栽粉蕉（Musa ABB‘Fen jiao’）苗,观察粉蕉假茎组织细胞的发病特征.结果表明,接种后的粉蕉苗假茎出现维管束中间和边缘组织褐变症状,而盆内种植韭菜（Allium tuberosum）或淋洒韭菜汁的粉蕉苗接种后,维管束褐变减弱,并以盆内种植韭菜并淋洒韭菜汁者对香蕉枯萎病的抑制效果最好.  相似文献   

New mite-borne virus isolates from rakkyo,shallot and wild leek species   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Paul van Dijk  René A. A. van der Vlugt 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1994,100(3-4):269-277

Flexuous viruses were transmitted from rakkyo (Allium chinense) and wild leek species (especiallyA. commutatum) to plants of crow garlic (A. vineale), by transfer of dry bulb mites. By electron microscope decoration tests using three antisera and by inoculations onto test plants, it was concluded that from each of the two natural host species at least two viruses were isolated. The viruses from wild leeks are both pathogenic onAllium spp. and may be of economic importance. Decoration tests on a virus mixture from shallot obtained earlier, revealed another new mite-borne virus in this species. The mite-borne viruses ofAllium spp. appear to be very common; they are largely diverse and their identification remains difficult.  相似文献   

新疆两种野生葱浸提液对几种植物病原真菌的抑制作用   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

文冰  吕巡贤  程路明  谭敦炎  李涛  马玉萍 《中国生物防治》2001,17(4):170-174

新疆野生葱属植物资源十分丰富,本文就其中两个具有浓烈辛辣气味的种－长喙葱和滩地韭的组织浸提液对棉花,番茄等主要作物病害病原真菌生长的抑制特性进行了研究。试验结果显示：长喙葱浸提液对镰孢菌,轮枝菌,丝核菌及疫霉菌的生长具有明显抑制效果,其10、20和50倍稀释液对丝核菌12h的抑菌率分别为100％,94％,80％,而其10、20倍稀释液对镰孢菌12h的抑菌率分别为100％、72．2％,滩地韭浸提液能抑制镰孢菌,轮枝菌的生长,但不影响丝核菌的生长,两类浸提液的抑菌效果均受温度影响。并随稀释倍数和作用时间的增加而减弱,长喙葱浸提液在4℃冷藏室内放置10d和在121℃条件下放置30min都会丧失长喙葱浸提液经透析去除小分子化合物,其上清液、沉淀都无抑菌作用,说明抑菌有效成分属小分子化合物。  相似文献   

Biological control of botrytis leaf blight of onion byGliocladium roseum applied as sprays and with fabric applicators     

T. D. W. James  J. C. Sutton 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(3):265-275

Gliocladium roseum (5×10⁶ conidia ml^–1) and chlorothalonil (Bravo 500) were compared in two field tests for effectiveness in suppressing leaf blight caused byBotrytis squamosa in cooking onions. The biological control agent and fungicide were applied with sprayers and with specially designed fabric applicators that were mounted interchangeably on an aluminium carriage with bicycle wheels. In the applicators, inoculum and fungicide gravitated from a reservoir down curtains of denim strips and onto portions of onion leaves contacted by the strips. Initial applications were timed using a leaf blight forecasting system (BOTCAST) and three or four subsequent applications were made at weekly intervals. When compared to water checks,G. roseum applied as sprays or by applicators reduced density of leaf spots by about 50–58% during middle and late stages of epidemics. The antagonist was about half as effective as chlorothalonil in suppressing density of spots, regardless of application method. The applicators delivered inoculum in similar densities to proximal and distal halves of leaves, and used at least 35% less volume of inoculum compared to the sprayers. Density of inoculum on leaves treated by applicators was about the same as in spray-treated leaves when canopies were sparse, but less when canopies were dense. It is concluded thatG. roseum has good potential for controlling leaf blight sufficiently to avoid economic yield losses.  相似文献   

Mechanism of micronuclei formation in polyploidizated cells of Allium cepa exposed to trifluralin herbicide     

Thaís C.C. Fernandes 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,88(3):252-259

The trifluralin is an agent that promotes a cellular damage due to its direct action on the microtubules. This action leads to a decontrol in the cellular division, bringing about polyploid cells. In this work, we show the evidences that the exceeding genetical material of theses polyploidizated cells tends to be eliminated from the nucleus in the form of micronucleus. Our analyses prove this fact, both by the presence of a number of cells carrying micronucleus, and by the evidences of the elimination of the exceeding material itself, after exposition of the Allium cepa root tips tested with several concentration of trifluralin herbicide. It was noticed that the residual concentration induced a number of polyploid cells, micronuclei and mini cells. Inferences about the implications of the elimination of genetic material from micronuclei, such as cell viability and apoptosis, are also presented.  相似文献