生防细菌B579与多菌灵协同防治立枯病的效果初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨秀荣  孙淑琴  田涛 《山东农业科学》2011,(11):83-85

多菌灵对立枯丝核菌（Rhizoctonia Solani）具有较强的抑制作用,且该药剂在10μg/ml浓度下对生防细菌B579生长无影响。通过多菌灵与生防细菌B579协同作用的室内生测及室外盆栽试验,表明该混剂能够有效地防治蔬菜苗期立枯病,且在2 000倍浓度下防效达87.3%。  相似文献   

烟草青枯病生防真菌的分离鉴定与拮抗活性的初步研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

缪莉  董夏伟  周晓见  丁碧婷  刘杨  查鑫垚  董昆明 《河南农业科学》2011,40(11):81-85

为了获得对烟草青枯病菌(Ralstonia solancearum)具有较高拮抗活性的生防菌株,对其拮抗真菌进行了分离鉴定和活性筛选.采用系列稀释法和平板涂布法从黔江烟区土壤中分离到真菌116株.经滤纸片法测定,筛选出6株(约5.2％)对烟草青枯病菌有一定拮抗作用的菌株,并用最小抑制浓度(MIC)法测定了其中2株活性较...  相似文献   

Growth promotion and induction of resistance in tomato plant against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria and Alternaria solani by Trichoderma spp.     

A.D.B. Fontenelle  S.D. GuzzoC.M.M. Lucon  R. Harakava 《Crop Protection》2011,30(11):1492-1500

In tomato crop, the induction of resistance emerges as an important alternative for achieving the reduction of chemicals in disease control. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of 28 Trichoderma isolates to promote the growth of tomato seedlings and to induce systemic resistance (ISR) against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria and Alternaria solani, the causal agents of bacterial spot and early blight, respectively. Twelve isolates promoted the increase of plant dry matter mass (DMM) above 100%, showing the great potential of these strains. All isolates were able to colonize the root system of tomato plants. The plant growth-promoting isolates were further evaluated for potential elicitation of ISR. Treatment of the soil with all Trichoderma isolates provided protection in tomato plants from 24.13 to 95.94% against X. euvesicatoria and 30.69 to 95.23% against A. solani. The most efficient isolates in reducing the severity of bacterial spot and early blight were the isolates IB 28/07, IB 30/07, IB 37/01 and IB 28/07, IB 30/07 and IB 42/03, respectively. The effect of different time intervals between Trichoderma application and inoculation with pathogens in inducing systemic resistance in tomato plants was evaluated for the isolate IB 28/07. IB 28/07 conferred protection against both diseases at all time intervals, confirming the ability of the isolate to reduce the severity of these diseases up to 21 days after treatment of tomato plants. In vitro assays revealed that all isolates of Trichoderma were able to degrade cellulose. Only the isolate IB 34/08 showed antagonistic activity against X. euvesicatoria and none caused reduction in the in vitro mycelial growth of A. solani. Trichoderma isolates were identified at species level by DNA sequencing.  相似文献   

丛枝菌根真菌和根瘤菌防控植物真菌病害的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高萍  李芳  郭艳娥  段廷玉 《草地学报》2017,25(2)

丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌和根瘤菌均可在一定程度上减轻植物病害的发生,提高植物生物量。AM真菌提高寄主植物的抗病机理包括:改善寄主营养状况、补偿作用、改变根系形态、与病原菌竞争侵染位点和寄主光合作用产物、改变根际微生物区系以及激活寄主防御机制。根瘤菌防病机理可归纳为:寄主生理生化的变化、根系形态改变和寄主防御机制激活。AM真菌和根瘤菌两者相互作用,可更好地防控植物病害。本文归纳了国内外AM真菌和根瘤菌对植物抗病性的影响及机理,同时展望了两者在生防中的应用前景。  相似文献   

普城沙雷氏菌BU09的分离鉴定及其对疮痂链霉菌的防治效果     

张竹君  刘权 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(11)

[目的]筛选马铃薯疮痂病的生防菌。[方法]从马铃薯疮痂病发病土壤中取样,经过稀释培养和二次划线纯化获得单克隆菌株,通过抑菌试验最终得到1株对马铃薯疮痂病具有较好抑制效果的细菌BU09,通过16S r DNA测序和系统进化分析对该菌株进行分子鉴定。[结果]细菌BU09属于普城沙雷氏菌,对马铃薯疮痂病具有较好的防治效果。[结论]试验结果为马铃薯疮痂病的田间防治提供了参考。  相似文献   

生防放线菌153固态发酵条件的优化及其耐热力检测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

田晓丽  赵红杰  唐彩乐 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,38(7):181-186

【目的】探讨生防放线菌153的固态发酵条件,并考察其耐热力,为生防放线菌的大规模生产及活体菌剂的研制提供技术支持。【方法】将发酵物的含菌量作为筛选指标,以玉米粉、甘油、蔗糖、葡糖糖和可溶性淀粉为碳源,以小米粉、蛋白胨、酵母浸粉、黄豆粉和尿素为氮源,通过单因素试验获得适宜的碳、氮源,再采用L25(56)正交设计优化固体培养基配方,在此基础上确定固态发酵终点以及所需的接种量和种子液种龄。最后将壳聚糖、非耕作层黄土、高岭土、炉渣、碳酸钙、面粉和几丁质分别与生防放线菌153菌粉混合,55℃水浴至致死中时,测定生防放线菌153的耐热力,筛选适宜的载体。【结果】生防放线菌153固体培养基配方为:80mg/g麦麸、8mg/g玉米粉、10mg/g小米粉和2mg/g蛋白胨,初始含水量(含0.5g/L石灰的自来水)为60%,在此条件下培养,培养物的含菌量较对照增加了94.1%。生防放线菌153固态发酵培养终点为216h,接种量为20%(每100g固态培养基接种20mL种子液),种子液种龄为84h。生防菌153的适宜载体为壳聚糖和非耕作层黄土。【结论】确定了生防放线菌153的固态发酵条件,该条件可以促进生防菌153的生长产孢,并提高菌株的保存稳定性;确定了筛选生放菌153载体的方法,即55℃条件下水浴处理136min。  相似文献   

绿色木霉防治温室灰霉病研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘亚妮  惠有为 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(15):7913-7914,7964

[目的]研究绿色木霉活孢子制剂应用于温室蔬菜灰霉病的防治效果。[方法]采用固态发酵法制备绿色木霉NW-411活孢子制剂,稀释至106～107孢子/g进行大田防治试验,观察人工接种灰霉病的黄瓜及番茄植株的性状变化,统计防治效果。[结果]未经绿色木霉孢子稀释液处理的黄瓜及番茄植株均可被侵染,性状变化各异。绿色木霉孢子制剂对温室黄瓜及番茄灰霉病的防效显著,孢子浓度控制在2.3×10^6～2.3×10^7孢子/g最佳。可使黄瓜及番茄植株发病率分别降至4.2%和3.1%,与未处理的植株相比,发病率分别降低了29.8%和39.1%,生物防治效果达到87.0%以上,且能明显增强植株长势。[结论]绿色木霉活孢子制剂不但对灰霉病防效显著,而且能明显增强温室植株长势,是一种安全、环保的生物制剂,在大规模绿色蔬菜生产中值得推广。  相似文献   

类芽孢杆菌TX-4菌株对根结线虫的生防活性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨敬辉  陈宏州  朱桂梅  吴琴燕  潘以楼 《江西农业学报》2010,22(2):81-83

采用类芽孢杆菌属TX-4菌株发酵提取液的不同浓度处理南方根结线虫2龄幼虫(J2)和卵。结果表明,TX-4发酵液的不同浓度提取液对线虫卵有显著的抑制作用,对J2幼虫有显著的致死作用。线虫卵的抑制率和J2幼虫的致死率,随着浸渍时间的加长和提取液浓度的升高而加大。用高浓度(10倍稀释液)提取液浸泡根结线虫卵2 d,对卵的孵化抑制率达70.4%。应用不同浓度的TX-4菌株发酵提取液或TX-4菌株细胞悬浮液防治接种J2(1000头/盆)的盆栽试验表明,两种处理均显著(P<0.01)减少番茄根瘤指数和线虫种群数量。  相似文献   

放线菌153菌株的定殖和促生效果研究     

赵科刚  韩立荣  宗兆锋 《西北农业学报》2010,19(2):57-60

研究放线菌菌株153对番茄和茄子的促生效果、基本促生机制以及在植株体内的定殖规律。结果表明,不同菌液浓度的153发酵菌液对种子萌发和芽的生长均具有促进作用,且对植株的生长性状有明显的影响,对植株鲜质量和干质量的影响最显著,鲜质量和干质量分别比对照增加114.69%、99.75%和124.06%、96.60%。放线菌菌株153在番茄、茄子根际及体内都可稳定定殖;14~30 d之间,153在植株根内及茎内的定殖数量随时间推移基本不变,菌量分别保持在104和103cfu/g。放线菌153可通过定殖提高植株体内的叶绿素含量以及根系还原强度而促进番茄和茄子的生长。  相似文献   

Characterization of a new fungal antagonist of Phytophthora capsici     

L. Robles-Yerena  R.A. Rodríguez-Villarreal  M.A. Ortega-Amaro  S. Fraire-Velázquez  J. Simpson  R. Rodríguez-Guerra  J.F. Jiménez-Bremont 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The capacity of many microorganisms for antagonism towards pathogens is unknown and previously uncharacterized species may be potentially useful in this respect. This work presents the evaluation of the capacity of a previously uncharacterized Ascomycete, denominated here as UA to protect chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) against Phytophthora capsici, and other soil-borne plant pathogens and establishes the role of UA as a biocontrol agent. Inoculation of UA 2 days before the inoculation of P. capsici led to 77.8% survival of pepper plants. Simultaneous confrontation of both microorganisms in vitro led to 53.1% growth inhibition of P. capsici, while the inoculation of P. capsici 3 days after the inoculation with UA improved growth inhibition up to 73%. Simultaneous confrontation in vitro of UA with Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani led to 41.2 and 50% growth inhibition, respectively, but had no effect on Rhizoctonia solani or a binucleate Rhizoctonia isolate. Moreover, formation of zoosporangia and the germination of zoospores were completely inhibited by exposure to undiluted filter sterilized filtrate. UA produces septate mycelia, but could not be classified in detail due to a lack of spores or reproductive structures. However, sequencing of Internal Transcribed Spacer 1, 2 and the 5.8S genes indicated that this fungus is a member of the Ascomycetes.  相似文献