Weed interference with field‐grown soyabean decreases under elevated [CO2] in a FACE experiment     

A S DAVIS  E A AINSWORTH 《Weed Research》2012,52(3):277-285

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Reduction in weed seedling emergence by pathogens following the incorporation of green crop residue     

C L MOHLER  C DYKEMAN  E B NELSON  A DITOMMASO 《Weed Research》2012,52(5):467-477

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甘肃省景泰县胡麻田杂草发生消长规律研究     

李玉奇  刘敏艳  胡冠芳  牛树君  胡广瑜 《江西农业学报》2012,24(5):47-49

通过定点调查,研究了甘肃省景泰县胡麻田一年生杂草的发生消长规律。结果表明:胡麻田杂草从4月5日左右开始出苗,至5月12日全部出齐;杂草在4月28日出现1个出苗高峰,杂草的平均株高在胡麻成熟期达到最高;平均鲜重在胡麻盛花期达到最高。野燕麦的平均株高在胡麻成熟期达到最高,平均鲜重在胡麻盛花期达到最高;藜的平均株高和鲜重在胡麻成熟期达到最高。5月5～12日是防除胡麻田一年生杂草的适宜时期;防除野燕麦的最佳施药时期是4月28日～5月5日;防除藜的最佳施药时期是5月12～19日。  相似文献   

Effects of quinoa hull meal on piglet performance and intestinal epithelial physiology     

Carlson D  Fernandez JA  Poulsen HD  Nielsen B  Jacobsen SE 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(2):198-205

Saponin-containing feed additives have shown positive effects on pig performance. Quinoa hull has high saponin content and may be of interest as a feed additive. This study aimed to evaluate quinoa hull meal (QHM) as a feed additive in a pig diet. The effects of QHM were assessed for three dosages of South American (SA) origin (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) and one dosage of Danish (DK) quinoa (300 mg/kg). In addition, the effect of dietary SA-QHM and SA-QHM-extract on jejunal epithelial physiology was studied ex vivo in Ussing chambers. The experiment included 400 piglets weaned at 28 ± 2 days of age and the experimental period was 4 weeks. Piglets were weighed initially and finally and feed intake registered. The ex vivo studies were performed with epithelium from 40 pigs receiving control or SA-QHM. Epithelium from each pig was placed into eight Ussing chambers, where four concentrations of SA-QHM-extract were added. Epithelial permeability, Na(+)-dependent glucose transport and serotonin (5-HT) and theophylline-induced secretion were measured. The results showed that QHM had no influence on piglet's growth (p = 0.41) or feed intake (p = 0.17). In spite of a large difference in saponin content between SA-QHM and DK-QHM (28.7% and 2.0% w/w respectively) the source did not affect pig performance. The ex vivo studies revealed no effect (p > 0.05) of adding QHM-extract into the medium. The permeability and glucose induced absorption were highest (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04 respectively) in epithelium from pigs that consumed 100 or 300 mg/kg SA-QHM. The secretory response to 5-HT was not affected (p = 0.59) by dietary treatments, but the theophylline-induced secretion decreased (p = 0.02) with increasing dietary SA-QHM. The changes in epithelial physiology measured ex vivo did not affect animal performance in vivo in this study.  相似文献   

基于GC-MS分析两地白色藜麦种子的代谢差异     

时羽杰  李兴龙  唐媛  余海萍  邬晓勇 《浙江农业学报》2019,31(6):869

为了探究四川盐源县和青海都兰县白色藜麦种子的代谢物质差异,对其进行非靶向代谢组学的分析。利用GC-MS技术以及多元统计分析对两地的白色藜麦种子进行比较,发现两地的藜麦种子代谢物质有差异,共检测到29个显著差异物质,主要包括15个氨基酸、6个有机酸和一些糖醇、胺类、多酚、生物碱。其中有22个代谢物质表达上调,7个表达下调,在上调表达代谢物中有12个氨基酸(甘氨酸、L-缬氨酸、谷胱甘肽、GABA等)和5个有机酸(乳清酸、肉桂酸、2-氧戊二酸等)。通过MetaboAnalyst进行通路分析,发现有24条代谢通路与上调表达代谢物相关,其中有7条通路影响较显著,分别为谷胱甘肽代谢,氮代谢,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢,氨酰基-tRNA生物合成,苯基丙氨酸代谢,硫代谢,甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢。谷胱甘肽代谢途径的影响最为显著,而此途径与植物的抗逆性密切相关,其中检测到的代谢物主要有甘氨酸和谷胱甘肽在四川盐源的藜麦中有更高的表达水平,表明四川盐源的白色藜麦较青海都兰的白色藜麦有更强的抗氧化能力,使得植物有较好的抗逆性能在逆境中生存,这为指导两地白色藜麦的栽培育种和抗逆性机理的研究提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

藜麦脱出物空气动力学特性测试与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

海梅  杜文亮  吴英思  赵子龙 《农机化研究》2019,(2):192-195,215

藜麦被联合国粮农组织(FAO)列为全球十大全营养食品之一。目前,但其机械收获中因缺少专用机具,收获的毛粮杂质较多,且国内藜麦联合收获机的清选效果还不够理想,存在着清选不彻底、含杂率高等问题。藜麦脱出物主要由茎秆类、带壳藜麦、藜麦、带壳瘪谷及瘪谷等组成,各自的物料特性存在差异。为此,对藜麦脱出物的空气动力学特性进行试验测定,得到藜麦脱出物长秸秆、短秸秆、带壳藜麦、藜麦、带壳瘪谷、瘪谷和颖壳的悬浮速度变化范围。同时,在清选试验台上选取一定范围的风机转速、出风口角度、抖动板抖动次数及喂入量,以藜麦含杂率、损失率为评价指标,得到了影响清选效果的因素水平,为藜麦联合收获机风选部件参数选择提供了依据。  相似文献   

藜麦品系的染色体数目及核型分析          下载免费PDF全文

何燕  邓永辉  李梦寒  冯西博  卓嘎 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,41(1):27-31

为探明西藏目前主推藜麦的染色体数目及核型,以西藏农牧学院植物科学学院提供的藜麦品系W4为材料,对其进行根尖染色体常规压片法制片,比较采用8-羟基喹啉、秋水仙素和冰冻方法的预处理时间、1mol/L HCl酸解时间对藜麦染色体制片的影响,探讨最优的根尖处理方法并进行核型分析.结果显示:用0.1%秋水仙素溶液(离体)处理3h,1mol/L HCl 60℃酸解13～14 min的总体作用效果最佳;藜麦W4的核型公式为2n=36=32 m(2SAT)+4sm,核型不对称系数为57.87%,核型分类中属2B型.  相似文献   

日粮中添加藜麦秸秆对湖羊生长性能和屠宰性能的影响     

李晓燕  谢丽霞  严秉莲  魏晓燕  张开栋  谢建瑛 《中国草食动物科学》2022,(1):79-81

文章研究了日粮中添加不同比例黎麦秸秆对湖羊生长性能和屠宰性能的影响,为藜麦秸秆作为肉羊饲料原料提供数据基础.试验选用80只体重30 kg左右的健康断奶湖羊公羔,随机分为4组,按照日粮粗饲料分为0％、33.3％、66.7％、100％藜麦秸秆组(玉米秸秆分别为100％、66.7％、33.3％和0％),饲喂60 d后测定湖羊...  相似文献   

Genetic variation in root development responses to salt stresses of quinoa     

Loc Van Nguyen  Daniel Bertero  Long Viet Nguyen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(5):538-547

Soil salinity has become a serious environmental abiotic stress limiting crop productivity and quality. The root system is the first organ sensing the changes in salinity. Root development under elevated salinity is therefore an important indicator for saline tolerance in plants. Previous studies focused on varietal differences in morphological traits of quinoa under saline stresses; however, variation in root development responses to salinity remains largely unknown. To understand the genetic variation in root development responses to salt stress of quinoa, we conducted a preliminary screening for salinity response at two salinity levels of a diverse set of 52 quinoa genotypes and microsatellite markers were used to link molecular variation to that in root development responses to salt stresses of represented genotypes. The frequency distribution of saline tolerance index showed continuous variation in the quinoa collection. Cluster analysis of salinity responses divided the 52 quinoa genotypes into six major groups. Based on these results, six genotypes representative of groups I to VI including Black quinoa, 2-Want, Atlas, Riobamba, NL-6 and Sayaña, respectively, were selected to evaluate root development under four saline stress levels: 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl. Contrasts in root development responses to saline stress levels were observed in the six genotypes. At 100 mM NaCl, significant differences were not observed in root length development (RLD) and root surface development (RSAD) of most genotypes except Black quinoa; a significant reduction was observed in this genotype as compared to controls. At 200 mM NaCl, significant reduction was detected in RLD and RSAD in all genotypes showing this as the best concentration to discriminate among genotypes. The strongest inhibition of root development was found for all genotypes at 300 mM NaCl as compared to lower saline levels. Among genotypes, Atlas of group III shows as a saline-tolerant genotype confirming previous reports. Variation in root responses to salinity stresses is also discussed in relation to climate conditions of origins of the genotypes and reveal interesting guidelines for further studies exploring the mechanisms behind this aspect of saline adaptation.  相似文献   

硅对盐胁迫下藜麦生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响     

武子璇  王欣  钟明月  封洪雨  仇明慧  李妍 《现代农业科技》2024,(11)

全球气候变暖降水减少加速了土壤盐渍化进程,对农业生产造成了严重影响,低浓度的盐分对藜麦发育没有明显影响,但盐含量较高的土壤则不利于藜麦的生长。前人研究表明,硅能帮助植物在盐胁迫条件下更好的生长。本实验以4种藜麦为研究材料,在300mmol.L_-1^{盐胁迫条件下设置硅浓度梯度(CK、0、0.5、1、1.5、2 mmol.L}_-1^{),研究硅对盐胁迫条件下藜麦幼苗的}生长影响及其生理机制,为提高藜麦耐盐性提供参考。结果表明：(1)与对照相比,盐胁迫条件下藜麦幼苗的芽长均明显降低,根长均显著增加;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶活性有不同程度的增加;可溶性糖(SS)含量降低;超氧阴离子自由基(O_2^.-)产生速率丙二醛(MDA)含量增加。(2)随硅浓度的增加,藜麦幼苗的芽长、根长、SOD、POD、CAT、SS均表现为先增加后降低的趋势,O_2.-^{产生速率和MDA含量先降低后升高。(3)}适当浓度外源硅的添加提高了盐胁迫条件下藜麦幼苗的抗氧化酶活性和SS含量,降低O_2.-^{产生速率和MDA含量,促进了藜麦幼苗在盐胁迫条件下的生长,0.5～1mmol.L}_-1^{硅浓度效果最好。}  相似文献