电脑图象分析在油菜及其近缘植物染色体研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蓝泽蘧  游志胜 《作物学报》1994,20(2):129-135

作者使用电脑图象分析仪对油菜及其近缘植物的9个种、50个品种作了染色体图象分析，并将上述植物的核型数据输入贮存在电脑中，初步建立了油菜及芸苔属植物核型分析数据的电脑数据库。在此基础上，作者讨论了油菜及芸苔属植物染色体电脑图象分析和电脑数据库在油菜基础理论研究和育种实际工作中的利用价值。  相似文献   

棉花纤维发育后期Mg²⁺,K⁺-ATP酶的活性分析     

寿元  徐楚年 《中国农业大学学报》1992,(Z1):151-155

1989～1990年选用陆地棉(G.hirstum L.)北农1号品种和海岛棉(G.barbadenseL.)海7124品种为材料,对棉纤维发育后期的纤维素形成过程进行了研究。结果表明:①随着棉纤维的发育 Mg~(2+),K~+-ATP 酶活性逐渐下降。②Mg~(2+),K~+-ATP 酶活性的最适 pH 值为6.5。Mg~(2+),K~+ATP 酶活性随[Mg~(2+)],[K~+]和[NADH]/[NAD~+]的增大而变大。③Mg~(2+),K~+ATP 酶活性变化与还原性糖含量变化呈显著正相关(r=0.811~*),与纤维素含量变化呈极显著负相关(r=-0.900~(**))。④Mg~(2+),K~+-ATP 酶参与了纤维素的形成过程。  相似文献   

Effect of Completion of Vernalization on Generative Development of Winter Rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) Plants     

W. Filek  F. Dubert 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1994,172(1):29-37

Germinating seeds and young plants of winter rape var. Górczañski were vernalized for 56–63 days under conditions of 9-hour day, at the temperature 2 and 5 °C and in continuous darkness at the temperature 2 °C. After vernalization the plants grew under conditions enabling to complete vernalization: in a glass-house at the temperature day/night 15/10 °C and in semi natural conditions of open vegetation hall in the period from June till August. After sub-optimal vernalization further growth of the plants at lowered temperature increased its effectiveness (completion of vernalization). Depending on the degree of the vernalization of the plants the completion of their vernalization was both obligatory, i.e. conditioning the acquisition of the ability of generative development, and facultative i.e. accelerating this development. It has been demonstrated that the population of plants of the examined variety is strongly differentiated not only with respect of vernalization requirements in the particular plants, but also what regards the effectiveness of vernalization completion. New observations have been made indicating that the mechanisms controlling the successive phases of generative development, i.e. phase of forming flower buds and the flowering phase are not identical which may be interpreted as indicating that the "flowering factor" is polymorphous.  相似文献   

火炬松短周期工业材不同高度上干缩性能的研究     

方文彬  林云  苏维斌 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(3)

对湖南同一立地指数（１８）下，５株１７．５年生的火炬松（ＰｉｎａｓｔａｅｄａＬ．）短周期工业材１．３，３．６，５．６，７．６，９．６ｍ５个高度的木材干缩系数、基本密度、生长轮宽度、晚材率和微纤丝角度，按生长轮取样，进行了测量和统计分析．结果表明，弦向、径向、体积干缩系数和干缩比，在树于５个高度之间的差异，均达到了显著水平；各高度干缩系数与生长轮的年龄（离髓心的距离）以及与上述各主要构造因子之间呈显著的线性相关，且相关度度随树干高度的增加而减弱．  相似文献   

Analysis of Growth and Productivity of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in Relation to FYM, Nitrogen and Source of Fertilizer     

R. H. Patel  T. G. Meisheri  J. R. Patel 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,177(1):1-8

A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1992–93 and 1993–94 at Anand to study the effect of FYM, nitrogen and source of fertilizer on growth and yield of mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj & Cosson]. The results showed significant variation in leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), dry matter production and seed yield. The direct effect of farmyard manure (FYM) was conspicuous in improving the growth of mustard. FYM application at 10 tonnes ha⁻¹ significantly increased the LAI, CGR and dry matter accumulation per plant at almost all the stages during first year study (1992–93) and in pooled analysis. Similarly, nitrogen application registered maximum LAI, CGR at 75 kg level and RGR and NAR at 50 kg level at almost all the during both years. Sulphur carrying source (Ammonium sulphate plus single super phosphate) increased all stages growth characters. Maximum dry matter accumulation per plant and seed yield were recorded with highest levels of FYM (20 tonnes ha⁻¹), N (75 kg ha⁻¹) and source having S. Seed yield was strongly associated with LAI and dry matter accumulation per plant at all the stages.  相似文献   

Quantitative site classification in the key county in the conversion of farmland to forests project     

Shidong Li  Guofang Shen  Mingpu Zhai  Junqing Li 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2006,1(2):157-162

According to the requirements of the conversion of farmland to forests project (CFFP), we investigated the vegetation factors and environmental factors from more than 6,105 sub-compartments in Liangcheng County, Inner Mongolia by using the Matlab, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the hierarchical cluster method (HCM). The site conditions were classified quantitatively. The results show that CFFP at this site comprises five site-type groups and 19 site types. A quantitative site classification system method has been established in this paper. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2005, 27(6) [译自: 北京林业大学学报, 2005, 27(6)]  相似文献   

Residue management for reducing evaporation in relation to soil type and evaporativity1     

S.S. Prihar  S.K. Jalota  J.L. Steiner 《Soil Use and Management》1996,12(3):150-157

Abstract. Usual residue-management options are to remove the residue, use it as mulch with or without undercutting or to incorporate it into the soil. While the role of surface mulch in evaporation has been widely studied, the information on the effect on evaporation of mulch with undercutting or residue incorporated into soil, particularly in relation to soil type and evaporativity (E_o) is lacking. We studied the effect of wheat straw used in various ways on the course of evaporation loss from soil columns with three soils at Ludhiana, India and one soil at Bushland, Texas, USA, under two E_o's Energy-limited evaporation rates under mulch (E_om) followed the soil-specific relation E_om/E_o= a e^(bRes+cEo), where Res is residue rate t/ha and a, b and c are constants; E_o, is expressed in mm/d. In an effort to model the total evaporation (CE) during the energy-limited stage ‘U’ was obtained from appropriate CE versus time curves and (CE-U) was regressed over (t - ti)^0.5 to obtain the slope ‘α’ (Ritchie 1972) for the soil-limited evaporation stage. The observed ‘U’ was independent of mulch rate and E_o but was strongly affected by soil type, Values of ‘α’ decreased with increase in mulch rate and decrease in E_o and coarseness of soil. The otherwise short lived benefit of evaporation reduction with mulch per se, which peaked after a few days was maintained when residue was mixed with soil at the stage when evaporation reduction reached a maximum; this benefit continued for several weeks. Cumulative evaporation values computed from ‘U’ and ‘α’ agreed closely with the observed values under straw mulch for loamy sand and clay loam soils and for ‘undercut’ and ‘residue mixed’ treatments on all soils regardless of E_o, and for all situations under small E_o. However, for sandy loam and silt loam soils under E_o of 10 mm/d, the modified square root of the time function of Jalota et al. (1988) gave a better fit.  相似文献   

Response of Mustard to Ethrel Spray and Basal and Foliar Application of Nitrogen     

N. A. Khan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(5):331-334

In a field trial conducted during 1992–93 and 1993–94, the effect of basal (B) nitrogen (N) (45 and 60 kg N ha⁻¹) and foliar application (F) of water (W) or 10 kg N ha⁻¹ and 400 or 600 ppm ethrel (E) (2-Chloro ethyl phosphonic acid) at 70 days after sowing was studied on leaf area index and dry mass at 90 days and pod number per plant, seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, oil content and oil vield at harvest of mustard ( Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) cv. T-59. Recommended basal (B) application of 90 kg N ha (BN₉₀) was used as control. On the basis of 2 year data it was found that basal application of 60 kg N and foliar spray of 10 kg N ha ⁻¹ and 600 ppm ethrel gave higher values for growth and yield characteristics and enhanced seed yield and oil yield by 12.5 and 14.8%, respectively over control BN_90.  相似文献   

Vererbung des β-Glucangehaltes der Haferkaryopse     

S. K. Baur  G. Geisler 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(5):315-322

Inheritance process for β-glucan content in oat caryopsis
Due to the fact that there are only few studies concerning β-glucans in oat caryopsis with regard to plant-breeding aspects, three oat crosses were performed (cross 19 = low × high, cross 86 = low × low, cross 98 = high × high). In all of the three oat crosses, lower β-glucan content (% DM) was recorded in F, than in F, indicating that the β-glucan content (% DM) at a higher heterozygoty grade is lower than at a reduced heterozygoty grade. This points to a dominant inheritance of lower β-glucan content (% DM). A tendency towards the female β-glucan content (% DM) could not be proven. Thus, it can be started from a nuclear genetic inheritance of the β-glucan content (% DM). In most cases, the experiments showed a normal distribution of β-glucan content (% DM), indicating for several genes a quantitative inheritance of β-glucan content (% DM). By means of the regression of the F₃-lines to the F₂-plants, the narrow-sense heritability could be calculated for the cross 86 (h²= 0.51***) and the cross 98 (h²= 0.48***). The heritability for the cross 19 was not significant.  相似文献   

Identification of a Long Rice Spikelet Mutant     

WU Xian-jun  WANG Bin  HAN Zan-ping  XIE Zhao-hui  MOU Chun-hong  WANG Xu-dong 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2004,3(1)

A spontaneously occurring rice (Oryza sativa L. ) mutant, characterized by homeotic conversion in glumes and stamens, was found in the progeny of a cross. The mutant showed long glumes and glumaceous lodicules and morphological transformation of stamens into pistils. Mutant florets consisted of 1 to 3 completely developed pistils, some pistilloid stamens with filaments, but tipped by bulged tissue and 0 to 3 stigmas. It seens that the mutant phenotype of the homeotic conversions in glumes and stamens is similar to that of the B loss-of-function mutants in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum. The mutant is controlled by a single recessive gene as a segregation ratio of 3:1 (wild type to mutant plants) was observed in the F2 generation.  相似文献