植物皂甙降低机体胆固醇的作用及其机理研究进展     

王先科  史莹华  王成章  张伟毅 《江西农业学报》2010,22(1):132-135

综述了具有降低胆固醇作用的植物及其活性成分、皂甙的生物学功能及其降低胆固醇的作用机理等方面研究进展,对今后的研究提出了展望。  相似文献   

Serum Lipoprotein Changes in Dogs with Renal Disease     

E. Behling‐Kelly 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(6):1692-1698

Background

People with renal disease develop a dyslipidemia that contributes to progression of renal injury and development of cardiovascular disease. Lipoproteins in dogs with renal disease have not been investigated.

Hypothesis

Dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have dyslipidemia characterized by increased lower density lipoproteins and decreased high‐density lipoproteins (HDLs). The degree of dyslipidemia is positively correlated with severity of disease, as reflected by serum creatinine concentration.

Animals

Prospective study of client‐owned dogs presented to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals: 29 dogs with confirmed CKD, 5 dogs with nephrotic syndrome (NS), and 12 healthy control dogs presented for routine vaccinations, dental cleaning, or owned by students.

Methods

Lipoprotein electrophoresis was used to quantify relative proportions of the 3 main classes of lipoproteins in canine serum: low‐density lipoproteins (LDL), very low‐density lipoproteins (VLDL), and HDL. Serum cholesterol and creatinine concentrations; urinalysis and urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio were measured by standard methods.

Results

Dyslipidemia was consistently found in dogs with CKD and NS and was characterized by a decrease in HDL and variable increases in LDL and VLDL. Dogs with NS had a proportionately greater increase in the VLDL fraction, as compared with dogs with CKD.

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

Dyslipidemia similar to that documented in people with renal disease occurs in dogs with CKD, despite serum cholesterol concentrations often being within the reference interval. The contribution of altered lipoproteins to the pathogenesis of renal disease in dogs warrants additional study.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Factors Contributing to Daily Within-Horse Variation of Plasma Alpha-Tocopherol Concentration     

Paul D. Siciliano  Shannon E. Pratt-PhillipsLauren E. Dowler  BS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009

The current study was conducted to evaluate daily within-horse variation of plasma alpha-tocopherol concentration (TOC) (Experiment 1 [EXPT1]) and to determine the effect of a single meal on plasma TOC (Experiment 2 [EXPT2]). In EXPT1, venous jugular blood samples were collected from four pregnant (6–7 months of gestation), light horse mares (8.8 ± 2.9 years of age, mean ± SD; range, 5–11 years of age) between 7:30 AM and 8:30 AM, followed by eight hourly samples, and analyzed for plasma TOC. All horses were fed 5 kg dry matter (DM) grass hay 18 hours before sample collection and received no additional feed during the sampling period. Mean within-horse coefficient of variation for TOC was 3.5% ± 0.01%. In EXPT2, seven mature light horses, four mares and three geldings (4.9 ± 4.4 years of age, mean ± SD; range, 2–14 years of age), were randomly assigned to one of two treatments (fasted [FST; n = 7] or fed [FD; n = 7]), followed by reversal of treatments 24 hours later. At 7:30 AM, FD horses were fed 2.1 kg DM grain-mix concentrate (187 IU vitamin E/kg DM) plus 3.3 kg DM mixed-grass hay, whereas FST horses received no feed. Neither group received any feed for 18 hours before 7:30 AM. Venous jugular blood samples were collected at 10:30 AM from all horses and analyzed for plasma TOC. The mean (±SD) within-horse paired-treatment difference was not significant (0.05 ± 0.12 μg/mL). The results suggest that variation in within-horse plasma TOC is relatively small over an 8-hour period in fasting horses and is unaffected 3 hours after a hay grain meal.  相似文献   

The Influence of Maca (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lepidium meyenii</Emphasis>) on Antioxidant Status,Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Rat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Vecera R  Orolin J  Skottová N  Kazdová L  Oliyarnik O  Ulrichová J  Simánek V 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(2):59-63

This work focused on the effect of maca on lipid, anti-oxidative, and glucose parameters in hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HHTg) rat. Maca (1%) was administred to rats as a part of a high-sucrose diet (HSD) for 2 weeks. Rosiglitazone (0.02%) was used as a positive control. Maca significantly decreased the levels of VLDL (very low density lipoproteins), LDL (low density lipoproteins), and total cholesterol, and also the level of TAG (triacylglycerols) in the plasma, VLDL, and liver. Maca, as well as rosiglitazone, significantly improved glucose tolerance, as the decrease of AUC (area under the curve) of glucose showed, and lowered levels of glucose in blood. The activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the liver, the GPX (glutathione peroxidase) in the blood, and the level of GSH (glutathione) in liver increased in all cases significantly. Results demonstrate that maca seems to be promising for a positive influence on chronic human diseases (characterized by atherogenous lipoprotein profile, aggravated antioxidative status, and impaired glucose tolerance), and their prevention.  相似文献   

不同剂型Ge—132对鸡蛋中锗的富集和胆固醇含量的影响     

唐兆新  杨山 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》1995,(12):1-4

３５周龄１０８只依沙蛋鸡随机分为３组，每组３６只，第１组做对照仅喂基础日粮，第２、３组分别在基础日粮中添加等量的Ｇｅ－１３２粉剂和水溶液，检查蛋中锗和胆固醇含量，称取全蛋、蛋白、蛋黄、蛋壳重量，统计各组产蛋量并进行临床观察。  相似文献   

中草药添加剂对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

宋宇轩  金彪  王杏利  罗明利  申丽萍 《西北农业学报》2002,11(3):4-7

采用红曲、金银花、杜仲、水飞蓟、山楂等中草药组成复方制剂添加于蛋鸡日粮中观察对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响。将试验蛋鸡随机分为3组，每组4个重复，试验期5周，试验I组添加500mg/kg，试验Ⅱ组添加250mg/kg中草药制剂，对照组不添加。结果表明：①日粮中添加中草药制剂蛋黄胆固醇浓度（mg/g蛋黄）I、Ⅱ组比对照组分别降低25．4％（P＜0．01）和17．4％（P＜0．05）；②I、Ⅱ组极显著降低了蛋鸡血浆总胆固醇（P＜0．01）、LDL－C（P＜0．01）和VLDL（P＜0．01）水平，提高了HDL－C（P＜0．01）水平；③中草药制剂明显改善了鸡蛋脂肪组成：亚油酸含量（％）I、Ⅱ组比对照组分别提高24．2％（P＜0．01）和17．1％（P＜0．05），亚麻酸含量（％）I、Ⅱ组比对照组分别提高44％（P＜0．01）和36％（P＜0．01）；④3组之间料蛋比无明显差异，但试验组显著降低了产蛋率（P＜0．05），I组有进一步降低产蛋率趋势。试验研究证明，中草药制剂具有显著降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量，改善脂肪成分的作用。建议日粮中用量为250－500mg/kg。  相似文献   

日粮中锰对公鸡胆固醇含量及ATP酶活性的影响     

曹盛丰  叶陈梁  陈希玉  陈桂根  顾永远 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》1990,(4)

摘要经添加锰0(Ⅰ组)、50(Ⅱ组)、100(Ⅲ组)和300(Ⅳ组)PPM日粮处理后的种用公鸡,检测其胆固醇含量和三磷酸腺苷酶(ATP酶)活性。结果表明,缺锰或高锰日粮使肝脏、睾丸匀浆中胆固醇含量下降,血清、肝脏和睾丸匀浆中ATP酶活性降低。结果提示,日粮中锰含量的高低对胆固醇的合成有影响作用,而这种影响作用同锰引起的ATP酶活性的改变以及ATP供能速率的变化有关。  相似文献   

The effects of supplemental dietary cholesterol on growth, development and survival of mud crab, Scylla serrata, megalopa fed semi-purified diets     

May-Helen Holme  Chaoshu Zeng 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(4):1328-1334

The effects of varying levels of dietary cholesterol on growth, development time and survival of mud crab, Scylla serrata megalopa were investigated using semi-purified microbound diets (MBD). Five iso-energetic diets containing different level of cholesterol ranging from 0.14% to 1% of dry weight of the diet were tested. Fifteen megalopa were reared individually for each dietary treatment, and development time and survival were recorded on a daily basis. More than 25% of megalopa from all treatments were able to metamorphose into the first crab stage, suggesting that the endogenous level of cholesterol in the basal diet (0.14%) was sufficient to support development of the megalopa stage of this species. Widest mean carapace width (3.53 ± 0.08 mm) and highest mean dry weight (2.11 ± 0.22 mg) were recorded for juveniles that molted from megalopa fed live Artemia, whereas no megalopa in the unfed control treatment metamorphosed into crabs. The average development time from megalopa to the juvenile crab stage varied between the treatments, where megalopa fed live Artemia or MBD containing 0.2%, 0.4% or 0.8% total cholesterol showed the most synchronized molting (between 8.0 and 9.9 days). Longest development time was recorded for the megalopa fed diets containing 0.14% or 1% total cholesterol (both 11 days). Highest survival (74.3%) was recorded for the megalopa fed a diet containing 0.8% cholesterol. The results of this study are valuable in research to develop formulated diets for mud crab larvae as a replacement for live food in hatchery culture.  相似文献   

鸡蛋胆固醇含量对孵化率的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

罗明利  宋宇轩  孙世铎  金彪  刘愿兵 《西北农业学报》2003,12(2):14-16

以35周令尼克红蛋鸡受精后收集种蛋作为试验对象,研究种蛋胆固醇含量对孵化率的影响,试验分3组,每组270枚鸡蛋。Ⅰ组胆固醇含量为每百克蛋黄含胆固醇1400mg,Ⅱ组胆固醇含量为每百克蛋黄含胆固醇1500mg,对照组每百克蛋黄含胆固醇1910mg。结果表明:①试验Ⅰ组受精率、孵化率平均比对照组分别降低3.34％和3.79％(P<0.01);②试验Ⅱ组受精率比对照组降低1.49％,差异极显著(PO.05)。③低胆固醇含量组雏鸡雄性比例极显著上升(P<0.01)。证明种蛋低胆固醇含量可显著降低蛋鸡孵化率。  相似文献   

降胆固醇的活性成分及其机理研究进展     

朱东宏  周春霞  洪鹏志 《安徽农业科学》2015,(11):145-148,155

血液中胆固醇含量高是诱发人类心血管疾病的主要因素之一。近年来,具有降低血液中胆固醇含量的功能食品逐渐成为研究热点。胆固醇在人体内的代谢是一个相对复杂的过程,包括胆固醇的吸收、合成、分解和排泄等,降低胆固醇的功能食品在一定程度上能降低血液中胆固醇的含量。综述了降低胆固醇功能食品的活性成分及其作用机理,如尼曼-匹克C1型类似蛋白1(NPC1L1)抑制剂、酰基辅酶A-胆固醇酰基转移酶(ACAT)抑制剂和3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A(HMG-Co A)还原酶抑制剂等,旨在提高其在食品行业的应用。  相似文献