绵羊PRKAG3基因SNPs与肉质性状的相关性分析     

王华  魏玉兵  童建伟  张明军  王建福  王欣荣  成述儒 《华北农学报》2016,(1):134-140

为从分子水平研究甘肃境内典型养殖模式下甘肃高山细毛羊、小尾寒羊、藏羊、蒙古羊和滩羊5个绵羊品种的PRKAG3基因多态性与屠宰性能和肉品质的相关性,探讨以PRKAG3为候选基因,提高绵羊屠宰性能和肉品质的可能性。采用PCR-SSCP技术对5个绵羊品种的PRKAG3基因外显子4,5和内含子4多态性进行检测,并就PRKAG3基因多态性与9月龄屠宰性能和肉品质进行相关性分析。结果表明,在PRKAG3基因2 689 bp处发生了AG的突变,位于第4内含子第23 bp处,表现出3种基因型,AA、AB和BB。纯合度(Ho)分别为0.67,0.69,0.76,0.69,0.59,杂合度(He)分别为0.333 3,0.306 1,0.244 9,0.307 7,0.408 2,有效等位基因(Ne)分别为1.62,1.66,1.69,1.48,1.79,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.31,0.32,0.33,0.27,0.34。除藏羊外其他4个绵羊品种均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。关联分析表明,5个绵羊品种PRKAG3基因此变异位点的3个基因型间失水率性状差异显著(P0.05);BB基因型个体的胴体重显著高于AA型(P0.05),滩羊为极显著(P0.01),BB基因型个体的眼肌面积显著大于AA型(P0.05)(藏羊除外)。因此说明PRKAG3基因可作为候选基因用于绵羊产肉性能和肉品质的分子标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

黄淮麦区若干高产小麦品种穗光合性能及产量性状的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

丁位华  陈向东  冯素伟  胡铁柱  王丹  杨艳艳  李笑慧  茹振钢 《华北农学报》2016,(5):134-139

为了解黄淮麦区几种高产小麦品种穗光合特性及产量性状,为筛选高光合育种亲本提供依据,以矮抗58、百农418、百农419、豫麦49和周麦18为试材,研究了其穗部光合速率、叶绿素含量、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、颖壳横切面结构及产量性状变化规律。结果表明,百农419穗部表现出较强的光合特性。在开花期、花后7 d及花后15 d其光合速率分别比矮抗58高14.12%,42.86%,6.11%,比百农418高2.69%,4.65%,4.50%,比豫麦49高11.45%,12.08%,16.24%,比周麦18高22.92%,6.35%,10.64%;其颖壳叶绿素a含量和总叶绿素含量较高,Chla/Chlb分别比矮抗58高22.47%,20.04%,0.41%,比百农418高5.72%,18.63%,3.21%,比豫麦49高6.14%,25.68%,0.56%,比周麦18高12.35%,21.26%,2.49%,具有较强的光能捕获能力;Fv/Fm在4个测定时期均最高;此外,百农419颖壳细胞组织较厚,维管束数目较多,大维管束的周长与面积较大,具有较强的"流"能力。产量结果显示,百农419的理论产量和实际产量分别高出矮抗58 25.22%和14.05%、高出百农418 17.15%和10.82%、高出豫麦49 23.74%和19.28%、高出周麦18 8.55%和8.57%,差异显著。综合试验结果认为,百农419穗部光合能力较强,产量较高,具有作为绿穗灌浆高光效育种亲本的潜力。  相似文献   

施氮量对不同水稻品种氮肥利用率与农艺性状的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

章星传  黄文轩  朱宽宇  王志琴  杨建昌 《作物杂志》2018,34(4):69-2165

为探明施氮量对不同水稻品种产量、氮肥利用率和农艺性状的影响,以适合江苏省种植的12个中粳稻（含籼/粳杂交稻）品种为材料,大田种植,设置0N（全生育期不施氮）、200N（全生育期施纯氮200kg/hm ²）和360N（全生育期施纯氮360kg/hm²）3个施氮量处理,研究各品种产量、氮肥利用率和一些农艺性状的差异。结果表明：甬优2640在3个施氮水平产量均最高,库容量大是其高产的主要原因。其他品种产量对氮肥响应的表现不一。在较低氮（0N、200N）条件下,淮稻13号和武运粳30的产量较高,宁粳1号和扬粳4038的产量较低。在高氮（360N）条件下,宁粳1号和扬粳4038产量较高。在较低施氮量条件下,产量和氮肥利用率较高的品种具有较高的干物质积累量、茎蘖成穗率、叶面积指数、粒叶比及群体生长速率,这些指标可作为筛选氮高效品种的农艺性状指标。  相似文献   

甜玉米不同采收期籽粒品质性状研究     

卢柏山  董会  徐丽  史亚兴  赵久然  樊艳丽  俞嫒年 《中国农学通报》2020,36(24):28-33

为研究不同采收期甜玉米品质性状的变化,以7个国内生产主推甜玉米品种为研究材料,设置授粉后15、18、21、24、27、30天共计6个采收期,动态监测甜玉米籽粒含水率、果皮厚度和糖组分等指标。结果表明：（1）参试甜玉米品种的籽粒含水率在授粉后15~30天呈下降趋势,其籽粒含水率变幅为80.09%~68.76%。不同甜玉米品种间籽粒含水率的平均下降速率各异。‘京科甜608’、‘京科甜533’和‘中农大甜413’籽粒含水率下降速率相对缓慢。（2）参试甜玉米品种果皮厚度随授粉后天数增加呈先升高后降低的单峰变化趋势,峰值出现在授粉后21天左右。不同品种间籽粒平均果皮厚度以‘京科甜608’和‘米哥’最低,为78.40 μm;‘中农大甜413’最高,为91.63 μm。（3）参试甜玉米品种籽粒中葡萄糖和果糖含量在授粉后15~30天呈降低趋势,‘京科甜533’、‘京科甜183’、‘京科甜608’葡萄糖和果糖含量在授粉后15~24天相对较高。蔗糖和山梨醇含量随授粉后天数增加呈先升高后降低趋势,在授粉后21~30天,蔗糖含量以‘京科甜158’和‘米哥’含量相对较高。籽粒发育初期（授粉后21天之前）,籽粒中以果糖和葡萄糖为主,之后蔗糖逐渐增加。不同品种间,‘京科甜533’、‘京科甜183’、‘中农大甜413’和‘京科甜608’籽粒中总糖含量均高于‘米哥’,其籽粒中糖组分主要以果糖和葡萄糖等还原性糖为主,而蔗糖含量相对较低。  相似文献   

奶牛体型评定三维图像同步采集系统   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

闫震  钱东平  王东平  王文娣 《农业机械学报》2009,40(2):175-179

设计奶牛体型评定三维图像同步采集系统,采用集散控制结构协调奶牛定位设备、图像采集装置按预定时序工作,应用3个CCD彩色摄像机与具有多通道、多独立图像芯片的DHQP300型图像采集卡,实现了奶牛三维图像同步采集;采用LabVIEW软件作为采集主程序,通过调用动态链接库控制通用图像采集卡,选用场方式采集模式提高图像质量.试验证明,每头奶牛的图像采集与线性评定时间在3min左右,小于5min(标准).图像噪声较少,边缘信息清晰,完全满足后续特征提取算法对图像质量的要求.  相似文献   

Agronomical,quality, and molecular characterization of twenty Italian emmer wheat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Triticum dicoccon</Emphasis>) accessions     

Mario Augusto Pagnotta  Linda Mondini  Pasquale Codianni  Clara Fares 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(3):299-310

Emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank, 2n = 4x = 28) consists in a hulled wheat; its cultivation has been drastically reduced during the last century as a consequence of its low yield. Recently, its agronomic and nutritive values, as well as the increase of popularity of organic agriculture, have led to a renewed interest making its cultivation economically viable in the marginal lands with an increase of the cultivated areas. In Italy, it mainly survives in few marginal lands of central and southern Italy, where local varieties, adapted to the natural environment from where they originate, are used; moreover, some selected lines have also been developed. In the present work, agro-morphological and qualitative traits, together with molecular analyses of 20 emmer accessions consisting of Italian landraces, breeding lines, and cultivars, were performed. The field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2001/2002–2002/2003) in two locations: Viterbo in central Italy, and Foggia in south Italy. The analyzed emmer wheat accessions showed a good amount of genetic variability for both evaluated agro-morphological and molecular traits. This study illustrates an increase in earliness, GY, TW, TKW, and YI going from landraces, breeding lines to cultivars, while the variability does not change proportionally.  相似文献   

Are survival and reproduction of Enchytraeus albidus (Annelida: Enchytraeidae) at risk by feeding on Bt-maize litter?     

Linda Hnemann  Wolfgang Nentwig 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2009,45(4):351-355

Enchytraeids are saprophagous soil organisms, appearing in high abundances and contributing to ecological processes within the soil. For decades they have been used as model species for biological research. In the framework of research on genetically modified plants, however, they have not been considered to date. Following the ISO/DIS guideline, survival and reproduction of Enchytraeus albidus, fed with diets containing Bt-maize (N4640Bt Cry1Ab, DKC5143Bt Cry3Bb1) leaf material were analysed. For comparison, diets with the corresponding untransformed near-isolines (N4640, DKC5143) were examined. Additionally a high quality control diet (oat flakes) was included. Survival and reproduction showed no significant differences between the Cry3Bb1 treatment and the treatment with the untransformed counterpart. For the Cry1Ab treatment survival was significantly higher than for the treatment with the corresponding near-isoline. In contrast, reproduction was significantly lower for the Cry1Ab treatment compared to that for the isoline. For the Cry3Bb1 treatment, no effect was shown on survival or reproduction. For the Cry1Ab variety and its untransformed counterpart, a contrasting result was detected, which is unlikely to be caused by the Bt-protein but rather by differences in other plant components. Overall survival and reproduction were highest for the control.  相似文献   

椿树辐射诱变育种初报     

聂莉莉  刘仲齐  张越  郝志愚 《核农学报》2009,23(4):577-580

以椿树种子为材料,用60Co γ射线进行了0、30、50、75、100、150和200Gy辐照处理,研究辐照对椿树种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响,以期获得耐盐突变体。结果表明：辐照抑制了种子的萌发,成苗率下降,幼苗生长受到抑制,且随着剂量的增加,抑制作用增强;椿树种子的半致死剂量为50Gy,适宜辐照剂量是50~75Gy。辐照后的植株经0.5% 的海盐筛选,共获得9株耐盐能力提高的变异株。  相似文献   

水稻白转绿突变体的特性、遗传及其育种应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

房贤涛  马洪丽  赵福源  章清杞  张书标 《核农学报》2009,23(1):1-6

对通过辐射诱变获得的具有白化转绿特性的水稻光温敏核不育突变体的遗传及其生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明,这些突变体可分为3种类型：白化转绿类型(W2、W3、W4和W10),白化转黄绿类型(W9)和白化转绿后期转白复绿类型(W1和W7)。这些突变体的白转绿特性都是受一对隐性基因控制,具有与原不育系“培矮64S”相似的农艺性状和育性转换特性,它们的杂种具有与原杂交稻相似的株叶形态,分蘖和株高生长动态,但是它们的产量构成因素依不同的突变系而表现不同,其中W1、W2和W3的杂种具有与原杂交稻相似的产量潜力,具有较好的育种应用价值。  相似文献   

花生种子吸胀期间耐低温性及其与品质性状的相关研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

唐月异  王传堂  高华援  凤桐  张树伟  王秀贞  张建成  禹山林 《核农学报》2011,25(3):436-442

利用55份花生种子进行低温吸胀萌发试验,统计露白率及芽长/种长,筛选耐低温种质,并通过近红外光谱技术测定油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、脂肪、蛋白质及蔗糖含量,分析花生种子吸胀期间耐低温性与各项品质性状之间的相关性.结果表明:参试花生种质在2℃96h低温胁迫条件下,露白率≥80%的种质有3份、80%＞露白率≥70%的种质有3份、...  相似文献