梨石细胞含量与PAL活性和果实硬度的相关性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘艳  鲁晓燕  黄学东  杨玉琼  岳英  唐娇 《新疆农业科学》2011,48(9):1597-1601

[目的]探讨梨石细胞含量与PAL活性和果实硬度的相关性.[方法]以8个梨品种和3个品系为试验材料,测定不同品种(品系)石细胞含量、果实硬度和PAL的活性,并分析石细胞含量与果实硬度和PAL活性之间的相关性.[结果]梨不同品种(品系)果实硬度在5.91～10.63 kg/cm2,石细胞含量在0.14～0.67g/100g.PAL活性为1.44 ～9.43.[结论]石细胞含量与PAL活性呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.819.石细胞含量与果肉硬度之间存在正相关,相关系数为0.413.  相似文献   

玉米小斑病菌T小种毒素诱导对玉米叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性的影响   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

马春红  翟彩霞  郑秋玲  董文琦  李运朝  崔四平  范尉尉  贾银锁 《华中农业大学学报》2010,29(1):21-25

分别采用低浓度玉米小斑病菌Hel minthospolium maydis T小种毒素(HMT毒素)和玉米小斑病菌T小种培养滤液中的提取蛋白及菌丝细胞壁的提取液,预处理不同玉米品种3叶期叶片后再接种高浓度HMT毒素,在无菌条件下培养5 d后测量叶片病斑大小,并测定玉米叶片内苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性变化。结果表明:只有纯化的低浓度HMT毒素能够作为激发子诱导玉米获得系统性广谱抗性,但不同玉米品种所需的最适合浓度有差异;TC103以质量浓度0.025μg/mL毒素预处理效果最好,PAL活性最高;TB37和TMo17 2个自交系,以质量浓度分别为0.025μg/mL和0.050μg/mL的毒素预处理效果最好。  相似文献   

BTH-mediated antioxidant system responses in apple leaf tissues     

Maria Skłodowska  Ewa Gajewska  Elżbieta Kuźniak  Artur Mikiciński  Piotr Sobiczewski 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

BTH (S-methylbenzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole-7-carbothiate), an active compound of the commercial preparation Bion, has been studied as an elicitor of resistance to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) in apple. However, the biochemical mechanisms of its action are not fully elucidated. Our study indicated that BTH at the best time of its protection activity (2–14 days after application) induced changes in prooxidant–antioxidant balance in the leaves of apple trees, but in different ways in the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Glutathione as low molecular antioxidant as well as superoxide anion radical and lipid peroxides as oxidants exhibited changes at the early phase of BTH action. Glutathione-dependent enzymes were strongly affected by the elicitor used. On the 2nd day glutathione transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities increased by about 70% and 30% above the control, respectively. GST activity normalized about the 14th day but GSH-Px at the same time showed 27% of the control value. Among enzymes utilising hydrogen peroxide only catalase showed increase (37%) at the early phase of experiment. Compared with the control, BTH-treated plants did not show changes in ascorbate peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activities. Tocopherol (TOC) level diminished starting from the 7th day after BTH treatment and on the 14th day it was only 28% of the control. It is proposed that extinguishing of BTH-mediated signal resulted from TOC and glutathione action. The diminished ascorbate level at all examined times may play a crucial role in BTH-mediated cell growth regulation. The direct influence of BTH on lipid metabolism should be also taken into consideration.  相似文献   

不同耐性大豆品种阿特拉津处理后的防御酶反应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈红秋  段玉玺  陈立杰  朱晓峰  王媛媛  黄姗姗 《大豆科学》2011,30(2):259-262

为阐明大豆对除草剂阿特拉津的耐性机制,利用250 mg·L-1(田间使用浓度)阿特拉津处理大豆,在处理后不同时间分别测定大豆根系与叶片中过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性的变化.结果表明:大豆在接受阿特拉津处理后,3种酶的活性高于未经过阿特拉津处理的大豆.阿特拉津处理后大豆根系的酶活明显高于叶片的活性,而且大豆...  相似文献   

Biochemical markers of morphogenesis in long term horseradish (Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.) tissue culture     

Biljana Balen  Dubravko PavokovićPetra Peharec  Marijana Krsnik-Rasol 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Long term in vitro cultures of plant tissue spontaneously change at morphological, cellular and biochemical level. Horseradish tissues were cultivated in vitro for more than 16 years. Primary crown-gall tumours were induced with Agrobacterium tumefaciens on leaf explants excised from plantlets propagated in vitro. Subcultured on hormone-free MS medium, transformed tissue continued to grow in an unorganized way (TN tumour) or as teratogenous tumour (TM teratoma) forming malformed shoots which never rooted. The aim of this study was to establish the morphological and biochemical status of this long term cultures. The study was performed by verifying biochemical marker of transformation and morphogenesis, which had been investigated when the culture was established (peroxidase, PPX) as well as by introducing new markers which have not been analyzed so far in horseradish tissues (ascorbate peroxidase, APX; phenylalanine-ammonia lyase, PAL; and phenolics content). Morphological changes were observed only in teratoma tissue. Peroxidase activity and isoenzyme pattern indicated stability of horseradish tissue culture. The new biochemical markers were in a complete (PAL) and partial (APX) correlation with the PPX results and are therefore useful addition in biochemical characterisation of these tissues and can also be applied as markers of morphogenesis and tumorization.  相似文献   

紫珍香葡萄自交后代对霜霉病抗性鉴定及叶片相关生化指标分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭修武  张娜  冯喆 《北方园艺》2009,(8)

在葡萄霜霉病盛发期,通过田间自然鉴定和对感病前后叶片中PPO、PAL的活性进行测定,研究紫珍香自交后代的6个株系对霜霉病的抗性。结果表明:PPO、PAL 2个防御酶活性与供试葡萄抗性间存在正相关,6个供试株系对霜霉病的抗性存在显著差异,其中08-88的抗性最强,显著高于抗病亲本紫珍香;08-420、8-51的抗病性中等;08-1410、8-960、8-13的抗病性最弱,且显著低于对照。  相似文献   

水杨酸对黄瓜几种酶活性及抗病性的诱导作用   总被引：34，自引：7，他引：34  

李淑菊  马德华  庞金安  霍振荣 《华北农学报》2000,15(2):118-122

黄瓜幼苗经水杨酸处理后,ＰＯＤ、ＰＰＯ、ＰＡＬ３种酶活性均有不同程度的变化,与对照相比ＰＯＤ活性在处理后２４ｈ有明显提高,以后一直呈上升趋势,至１４４ｈ后较对照提高１９３．０％。ＰＰＯ活性变化相对较小,酶活性的明显提高在处理４８ｈ以后,处理后１４４ｈ时较对照提高６１．７％。ＰＡＬ在处理后７２ｈ时出现一个小的酶活性峰,较对照提高１７．６％,而后下降,１２０ｈ出现第２个活性峰,较对照提高３０．８％。处理后４ｄ接种霜霉病菌,调查结果表明：第１真叶处理较对照病情指数降低８．９％,第２真叶处理较对照降低２２．１％。  相似文献   

甘蓝型油菜种皮色泽及相关性状的研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

叶小利  李加纳  唐章林  梁颖  谌利 《作物学报》2001,27(5):550-556

本文研究了三套不同来源的黑籽和黄籽甘蓝型油菜近等基因系种皮中的总酚、花色素、类黄酮、黑色素含量及其相关的多酚氧化酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酸、酪氨酸酶活性在种子发育过程中的动态变化.实验结果表明,种皮中总酚、花色素及类黄酮在种子发育的前期逐渐增加,在开花35至43天后,其含量开始下降,PPO和PAL活力与总酚和花色素的变化  相似文献   

产L-苯丙氨酸解氨酶菌种筛选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李楠  熊彬  张云开  梁智群 《广西农业生物科学》2005,24(4):335-338

从土壤中筛选出1株具有L-苯丙氨酸解氨酶(L-Pheny la lan ine amm on la-lyase,PAL)较高酶活力的产生菌株——酵母菌SA 1。L-酪氨酸(L-T yr)为该菌株产PAL的最佳诱导物;利用反式肉桂酸转化L-苯丙氨酸(L-Phe)的最佳酶促反应条件为:2.0%反式肉桂酸,碳酸氢铵∶氨水(W∶V)=4∶4,pH 10.6,34°C,反应8 h,在转化体系中添加甘油对酶活力有较好的保护作用。  相似文献   

不同基质接种丛枝菌根真菌对番茄生长及PAL、PPO酶活的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

贺忠群  贺超兴  张志斌  邹志荣 《农业工程学报》2005,21(Z2):169-172

以番茄为试材,研究常用的几种基质:大田土,有机土,蛭石和草碳混合物接种丛枝菌根真菌(AM F)中的G lom usm osseae(G.m)对番茄生长及PAL、PP 0酶活性的影响。结果表明:接种G.m对番茄株高和茎粗均有显著的促生效应,G.m在蛭石 草碳处理中对番茄的促生效果最好,总干物重比对照增加131%,不同基质极显著地影响了G.m侵染和扩展,有机土中G.m的侵染率最高。接种35 d,50 d,65 d PAL,PPO酶活均呈现由高到低的趋势,但不同基质间PAL,PPO酶活随侵染率的不同呈现显著差异。  相似文献