贵草1号多花黑麦草配套利用技术示范推广项目经济效益测算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李辰琼  罗天琼  陈琴  肖冰雪 《草业与畜牧》2012,(6)

应用《农业科技成果经济效益计算方法》对“贵草1号配套利用技术示范推广”项目进行成果经济效益分析,结果表明：在计算年限内,该成果每年可增加纯收入521．49万元,科研经费与新增纯收益比为13．79,其成果效益明显,产生了较好的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。  相似文献   

Soil moisture and water use by pastures and silvopastures in a sub-humid temperate climate in New Zealand   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

K. M. Pollock  Donald J. Mead  B. A. McKenzie 《Agroforestry Systems》2009,75(3):223-238

Soil moisture content from 0 to 2 m depth was monitored under 2–6 year old radiata pine (Pinus radiata) with three understoreys of bare ground, lucerne (Medicago sativa) and ryegrass/clover (Lolium perenne/Trifolium spp.) and under adjacent open-grown lucerne and ryegrass/clover pastures. By the fifth year soil moisture depletion/recharge pattern under the trees alone was similar to that under open pasture and under trees with pasture understoreys. Maximum plant available moisture storage was 207–223 mm in the top meter of this Templeton silt loam soil but only 69–104 mm at 1–2 m depth where coarse textures often predominated. Lucerne reduced soil moisture content (SMC) to lower levels during drier summers and extracted more water from 1 to 2 m depth than ryegrass/clover. Evapotranspiration (ET) during early summer when soil moisture was high was close to the Penman potential evapotranspiration (E _p ), but the difference increased when SMC in the top meter dropped below 200 mm. The silvopasture treatments had higher ET in winter than pasture alone but this was still less than E _p . Soil moisture deficits (SMD) at the end of each summer were sufficiently large to require slightly higher than normal winter rainfall and ET < E _p to recharge the soil to field capacity before the next summer. The soil moisture results, taken together with root and growth data, suggest that trees and understorey pastures are complementary in the first three or four growing seasons but this balance subsequently declines in favor of the pine trees. Management options, to extend the period that understorey pastures are productive, include reducing tree stockings, more vigorous pruning, using competitive understoreys and changing from pines to deciduous trees. Research on new silvopastoral combinations is suggested.  相似文献   

四种改良剂对铜和镉复合污染土壤的田间原位修复研究   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

杜志敏  郝建设  周静  李辉信  高倩圆  崔红标  郑学博  马超  梁家妮 《土壤学报》2012,49(3):508-517

研究了石灰、磷灰石、蒙脱石和凹凸棒石对冶炼厂周边Cu、Cd污染土壤的原位修复效果。以黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)作为田间修复植物,采用植物重金属吸收性、土壤重金属化学提取性及土壤溶液重金属浓度变化等作指标来评价修复效果,并研究了黑麦草对Cu、Cd的吸收与土壤、土壤溶液中Cu、Cd含量的相关性。结果表明,石灰高添加剂量(石灰占污染土壤耕作层质量的0.4%)处理黑麦草对重金属的富集效果最好,显著降低了重金属毒性,促进了黑麦草的生长及其对重金属的富集;石灰和磷灰石各添加剂量均显著降低了污染土壤交换态Cu含量;石灰、磷灰石和蒙脱石各添加剂量均显著提高了土壤溶液pH并显著降低了其Cu、Cd浓度。黑麦草地上部、根中Cu浓度与土壤交换态Cu及土壤溶液Cu浓度呈显著或极显著正相关关系。  相似文献   

La(NO₃)₃ 对盐胁迫下黑麦草幼苗生长及抗逆生理特性的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘建新  王瑞娟  王鑫  李东波 《中国生态农业学报》2011,19(2):353-357

为探讨稀土元素镧(La)对牧草盐胁迫伤害的缓解作用, 采用水培法研究了叶面喷施20 mg·L^-1La(NO₃)₃ 对NaCl 胁迫下黑麦草幼苗生长及其抗逆生理特性的影响。结果表明: 盐胁迫显著抑制黑麦草幼苗的生长, 提高叶片电解质渗漏率及丙二醛(MDA)、O₂^- 和H₂O₂ 含量, 其作用随盐浓度的增大而增强。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性和抗坏血酸(AsA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸含量随盐浓度增大呈先升后降趋势, 可溶性糖和Na⁺/K⁺比逐渐增大, 质膜H⁺-ATP 酶活性逐渐降低, 过氧化物酶(POD)活性及POD 同功酶数量表达增强。喷施La(NO₃)₃ 处理可降低盐胁迫下黑麦草幼苗叶片的O₂^- 和H₂O₂ 含量, 提高SOD、CAT、POD、APX 和质膜H⁺-ATP 酶的活性及POD 同功酶的表达, 使AsA、GSH、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量及幼苗生物量增加, Na⁺/K⁺比降低。表明La(NO₃)₃ 可通过提高抗氧化系统的活性和积累渗透溶质减轻盐胁迫伤害, 从而提高黑麦草的耐盐性。  相似文献   

Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Ryegrass Mottle Virus : A New Species of the Genus Sobemovirus     

Feiyun ZHANG  Shigemitsu TORIYAMA  Mami TAKAHASHI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):63-68

The genome of Ryegrass mottle virus (RGMoV) comprises 4210 nucleotides. The genomic RNA contains four open reading frames (ORFs). The largest ORF 2 encodes a polyprotein of 947 amino acids (103.6 kDa), which codes for a serine protease and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The viral coat protein is encoded on ORF 4 present at the 3′-proximal region. Other ORFs 1 and 3 encode the predicted 14.6 kDa and 19.8 kDa proteins of unknown function. The consensus signal for frameshifting, heptanucleotide UUUAAAC and a stem-loop structure just downstream is in front of the AUG codon of ORF 3. Analysis of the in vitro translation products of RGMoV RNA suggests that the 68 kDa protein may represent a fusion protein of ORF 2-ORF 3 produced by frameshifting. The protease region of the polyprotein and coat protein have a low similarity with that of the sobemoviruses (approximately 25% amino acid identity), while the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region has particularly strong similarity (54 to 60% of more than 350 amino acid residues). The sequence similarities of RGMoV to the sobemoviruses, together with the characteristic genome organization indicate that RGMoV is a new species of the genus Sobemovirus. Received 28 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 14 November 2000  相似文献   

苏丹草-黑麦草轮作制中氮磷钾肥施用对饲草产量和养分吸收的影响     

李小坤  鲁剑巍  陈防  赵慧星  李文西 《土壤》2007,39(6):900-904

利用盆栽试验研究了苏丹草-黑麦草轮作中N、P、K肥施用对饲草的产量、养分吸收及土壤性质的影响.结果表明:N、P、K肥的施用可分别使饲草鲜草产量提高6.1倍、1O.6倍和O.6倍,各处理差异均达显著水平.N肥施用后饲草对N、P和K的吸收量与不施N处理相比分别提高6.9倍、3.5倍和4.7倍;P肥施用后饲草对N、P和K的吸收量与不施P处理相比分别提高5.9倍、23.2倍和7.3倍;K肥施用后饲草对N,P和K的吸收量与不施K处理相比分别提高O.3倍、O.7倍和7.4倍.N、P、K肥的施用可相互促进肥料表观利用率的提高.P、K肥的施用有利于缓解土壤酸化,轮作后各处理土壤有机质含量无显著差异,缺P处理的土壤NH4 -N含量明显较高,施N处理土壤中P含量明显降低,缺N、缺P处理轮作后土壤K含量明显高于其他处理.  相似文献   

一年生黑麦草施用多效唑的效果   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

周淑清  黄祖杰阿荣 赵桂岚 《四川草原》2004,(1):35-37

结果表明,施用多效唑可增加一年生黑麦草幼苗期的分蘖数;可以提高幼苗的抗旱能力,其推荐施用浓度为50-100 mg/kg、用药量1500 L/hm2。  相似文献   

蚯蚓·菌根作用下黑麦草对黄褐土中铅·镉吸收行为研究     

曹海生  张自立  孙嗣旸  杨柳  谷勋刚 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(15):8101-8103

[目的]研究在蚯蚓、菌根作用下黑麦草对铅、镉的吸收行为。[方法]采用对照、蚯蚓、菌根以及蚯蚓-菌根联合培养4种方式进行试验。[结果]黑麦草富集能力及吸收总量与外源铅、镉含量的增加呈正相关;外源铅、镉对黑麦草生长具有抑制作用,浓度愈高,抑制程度愈大;在相同外源水平下,蚯蚓、菌根以及蚯蚓-菌根联合培养与对照相比抑制作用具有减轻趋势;菌根能促进黑麦草对营养成分的吸收,提高黑麦草生物量,并对根系具有一定的保护作用,高水平的铅、镉胁迫下这种保护机制更显著。[结论]蚯蚓-菌根联合培养能提高黑麦草对铅、镉的吸收总量。  相似文献   

黑麦草替代部分精料对肥育猪生长的影响     

王宗寿 《牧草与饲料》2007,1(3):47-48

选24头33kg左右的“杜洛克×长白×太湖”三元杂交猪，分成4组，每组6头。研究了黑麦草替代10％（T1）、15％（T2）、20％（T3）的精料对生长肥育猪的生长性能的影响，结果表明：试验组T1、T2、T3猪的日增重分别比对照组（C）提高17．57％（P〈0．01）、13．03％（P〈0．01）和11．74％（P〈0．01），试验组T1、T2、T3猪的日增重组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）。用黑麦草替代10％-20％精料与饲喂精料相比，净增重可降低饲料成本在0．73-0．86元/kg之间，降幅在12．28％-14．50％。  相似文献   

亚热带丘陵区多年生黑麦草引种试验(1987～1989年)     

苏连登  姚树清  李锦华  罗远泉  邵涛 《江西农业大学学报》1991,(6)

亚热带高温伏旱丘陵区的钟祥县,夏季水热条件极为严酷,牧草生长停滞,草群枯黄、牲畜青草短缺.经多年生黑麦草引种试验,筛选出了 TT—80和86—49黑麦,具有较强的耐热抗旱能力.在7月份最高温度38.2℃,日气温30℃以上持续24天,降水仅47.6mm 的条件下,仍呈现青绿状态,越夏成活率可达95%,同时具有萌发早、生长快、产量高、质量好的优良性状.  相似文献