观赏植物花色分子遗传学及基因工程研究进展   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

刘志祥  洪亚辉  莫爱华  蒋泓 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,28(6):531-534

综述了观赏植物花色的分子遗传学及基因工程研究成果及进展，并展望了其发展前景。关于植物花色形成的影响因素及花色素苷的代谢途径研究较多，有许多与花色相关的结果基因和调节基因被克隆。目前花色基因工程主要采用的方法有反义RNA技术、共抑制法及导入新的目的基因等。  相似文献   

Diversity of flower colours in Rhododendron simsii Planch. and prospects for breeding     

J. Heursel 《Euphytica》1981,30(1):9-14

Summary A survey of the flower colours present in evergreen azaleas, Rhododendron simsii Planch is given. The following colours occur: white, red, carmine red, pink, purple and lilac. Crosses can lead to greater diversity although no really new shades have resulted. Quantitative anthocyanin and flavonol determinations for the cultivars enable us to gain an insight into the possiblities of increasing these contents and thus obtaining new colours. The prospects of breeding for intensely red, yellow and blue cultivars are also reviewed.  相似文献   

Models of inheritance of flower colour and extra petals in Potentilla fruticosa L.     

Campbell G. Davidson  Louis M. Lenz 《Euphytica》1990,45(3):237-246

Summary Inheritance models for flower colour and extra petals in Potentilla fruticosa L. were developed by conducting controlled crosses between different cultivars and advanced selections. Parents were crossed in all combinations and floral character segregation of progenies were recorded. Preliminary models for flower colour include two whitening genes (W₁ and W₂) and two yellowing genes (Y₁ and Y₂) with the action of a bleaching gene also implicated. The cyanic flower colour model developed involves background petal colour, cyanic pigments and distribution and temperature sensitivity genes. The extra petals model involves a two gene switch, D₁ and D₂ to turn on the production of up to five extra petals and a modifier gene, D_m that accounts for an additional one to five extra petals. Either D₁ or D₂ must be recessive to initiate extra petal production. D_m must also be recessive to enable production of an additional 1–5 petals.  相似文献   

Chromosome locations of genes controlling ‘purple leaf base’ in rye and wheat     

Gilbert Melz  Volker Thiele 《Euphytica》1990,49(2):155-159

Summary Purple leaf base is expressed only if there is anthocyanin pigmentation in coleoptiles either in rye or in rye-wheat-additions. Genes controlling purple leaf base were found to be located on chromosomes 5R (An5), 4B (Ra2) and 6B (Ra3) using the trisomic set of rye cv. Esto and autoplasmic rye-wheat-additions, respectively.  相似文献   

响应面法优化蓝莓花青素提取工艺研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

齐计英  刘倩  韩静  孙华庚  万阅 《湖北农业科学》2015,(10)

为优化蓝莓(Vaccinium Spp)提取工艺,试验选用水浴回流提取方法,研究了乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间和液料比等因素对蓝莓花青素提取的影响,并用Box-Behnken法进行了响应面优化。结果表明,蓝莓花青素水浴回流提取的最优工艺参数为乙醇体积分数59%、提取温度62℃、提取时间62 min、液料比8∶1,在此优化条件下蓝莓花青素的提取量为8.444 7 mg/g,与理论值8.453 1 mg/g相差不大。  相似文献   

棉花花青素能量耗散过程维持光合机构稳定性分析     

李霞飞  李自良  贾梦梦  陈云瑞  向导  张旺锋  张亚黎 《新疆农业科学》2021,58(5):794-801

【目的】研究棉花花青素能量耗散过程维持光合机构稳定性。【方法】选取花青素含量差异较大的棉花为材料,测定花青素含量、光合色素含量、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数、NDH介导的环式电子流活性、ATP合成酶活性、玉米黄质的合成速率等。【结果】随花青素含量升高,吸光能力逐渐增强,而净光合速率逐渐减弱,将面临较多的过剩激发能;NDH介导的环式电子流活性均逐渐增强,并且环式电子调控的ATP合成也逐渐增强;相对于无花青素的棉花,花青素存在的条件下,叶黄素循环的热耗散明显较弱,并且随花青素含量的增多,叶黄素循环的过程逐渐减弱,可能花青素的耗散能力逐渐增强。【结论】花青素能够作为一种光保护机制起到耗散过剩光能有效保护PSI和PSII。  相似文献   

The allelic relationship between A IP(internal pigmentation) and A RC (red cabbage) in Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.     

J. R. Baggett  D. Kean 《Euphytica》1984,33(2):587-590

Summary Internal anthocyanin pigmentation (IP), previously reported to be controlled by a single gene dominant to aa of normal green cabbage, was studied further to determine its relationship to A ^RC A ^RC of red cabbage. When IP line R52 was crossed with an early red cabbage line. F₁ heads were pigmented throughout, but pigment intensity was intermediate. Subjective classification of F₂ plants by pigmentation intensity and distribution scores gave a ratio of 1 intense red throughout (red cabbage):2 medium red throughout:1 medium to light red, restricted to the central portion of the head (IP). The genotypes A ^RC A ^RC: A ^RC A ^IP: A ^IP A ^IP. respectively, are proposed to explain these 3 phenotypic classes. F₂ progenies contained no normal green plants, supporting the conclusion that A ^IP and A ^RC are alleles.Technical Paper 7052, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station.  相似文献   

红树莓中酚类化合物研究进展     

王海明  刘树英  刘洪章 《北方园艺》2011,(11):180-183

介绍了红树莓中花青素、黄酮和鞣质(鞣花酸)3种酚类化合物,探讨了国内外关于3种酚类化合物的提取、分离纯化和性质、功能活性及产品开发的研究现状,展望了红树莓3种酚类化合物的研究前景。  相似文献   

浆果果浆微波泡沫干燥特性     

李秀伟  刘秉欣  陶岩  张宝辉  郑先哲 《农机化研究》2015,(6):132-135

为了揭示浆果微波泡沫干燥特性,以树莓浆果为研究对象,探讨了微波泡沫干燥条件对果浆温度、含水率、花青素含量的影响。结果表明:微波干燥过程中,物料温度在干燥前期为快速上升阶段,干燥后期为缓慢上升阶段;含水率在干燥前期为缓慢下降阶段,干燥后期为快速下降阶段;温度、含水率比值的对数与花青素含量呈线性相关。研究结果可为控制干燥过程中活性成分降解提供理论依据。  相似文献   

红果肉与白果肉杨梅花青苷和糖代谢途径的差异蛋白研究     

张泽煌  陈义勇  钟秋珍  王玲霞  林旗华  林永祥  龚慧文  陈伟 《园艺学报》2013,40(12):2391-2400

 以红果肉杨梅‘大叶梅’和白果肉杨梅‘水晶’为研究材料,运用2-DE 和MALDI-TOF-TOF 质谱技术,比较分析两个品种成熟期果肉花青苷和糖代谢途径相关蛋白的差异表达,共获得41 个2 倍差 异表达蛋白,其中33 个差异蛋白得到质谱鉴定。与白果肉的‘水晶’相比,有3 个蛋白质在红果肉的‘大 叶梅’中特异表达,29 个蛋白质上调表达,1 个下调表达。将这些差异蛋白按照功能进行分类,大部分 涉及花青苷代谢（12%）、糖和能量代谢（30%）、蛋白质代谢（18%）、防御应答（15%）等生理过程。发 现花青素合酶（ANS）、苯基丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、查尔酮合酶11（CHS11）、二磷酸尿核苷葡萄糖︰类 黄酮3–O–葡糖基转移酶（UFGT）是花青苷合成密切相关的关键酶,这些酶在红果肉的‘大叶梅’中 明显上调表达;同时,还发现9 个糖代谢相关蛋白在红果肉的‘大叶梅’中也显著上调表达。花青苷和 糖代谢途径关键蛋白对杨梅果肉花青苷合成和颜色的形成起到重要作用。  相似文献