Effect of Application of Coir Compost, Enriched Farm Yard Manure and an Hydrophilic Polymer on Soil Moisture Content, Growth and Yield of Rainfed Sorghum in Association with Azospirillum     

K. Anabayan  Sp.  Palaniappan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1991,166(2):112-116

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of new organic manures and an hydrophilic polymer in combination with fertilizer application and Azospirillum inoculation on soil moisture content, growth and yield of rainfed sorghum. Application of enriched farm yard manure with urea mixed either 24 hours before sowing or at the time of sowing produced the highest LAI, DMP and grain yield. High soil moisture content was noticed due to incorporation of coir compost. Split application of nitrogen and Azospirillum inoculation besides increasing the LAI and DMP gave 15.2 per cent and 14.5 per cent increase in yield respectively.  相似文献   

玉米芯生料栽培平菇菌株筛选研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

于翠芳  丁立孝 《食用菌学报》1996,3(4):35-40

利用半地下式塑料菇棚,进行了平菇菌株品比、接种后处理方法和栽培方式三因素的试验.结果表明:23个平菇菌株的发菌期存在显差差异,扎孔处理的显著加快菌丝生长速度,缩短发苗期,并减少杂菌污染;菌株间子实体产量差异显著。覆土栽培倡显著提高于实体产量.通过试验筛选出了适合玉米芯栽培的高产优质平菇菌株菜平1号、莱平4号、8903和pI802.  相似文献   

Incorporation of heavy metals by the mud snail,Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata Reeve,in submerged paddy soil treated with composted sewage sludge     

Yasushi Kurihara  Takao Suzuki  Kiyoshi Moriyama 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1987,5(2):93-97

Summary The biomass of newborn snails was higher in paddy soil without rice plants than in the soil with rice plants. There was an inverse correlation between shell width and concentratins of Zn and Cu in snail flesh. The Zn and Cu concentrations in snail flesh were extremely high compared with those in the paddy soil surrounding the snails, possibly because snails ingest sludge, one of the main components of the composts. These results suggest that this type of snail may be used to eliminate Zn and Cu from paddy soil when composted sewage sludge has been applied.  相似文献   

Spread of levan-positive populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas savastanoi</Emphasis> pv. <Emphasis Type="Italic">savastanoi</Emphasis>, the causal agent of olive knot,in central Italy     

Guido?MarchiEmail author  Carlo?Viti  Luciana?Giovannetti  Giuseppe?Surico 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,112(2):101-112

Mixtures of wet vegetable wastes (Brassica, carrot or onion) and dry onion waste were composted at 50 °C for 7 days. The incorporation of the raw or composted vegetable waste mixtures into sandy loam, silt and peat soils reduced the viability of sclerotia of S. cepivorum in glasshouse pot bioassays. The reduction in viability was dependent on waste type, rate of incorporation, duration of exposure and soil type. Onion waste was the most effective waste type in reducing sclerotia viability in all three soils. The Brassica and carrot wastes were as effective as the onion waste in silt soil but less effective in sandy loam and peat soil. A 50% w/w incorporation rate of the wastes gave the largest reduction in viability, with an increase in reduction over time. Composted onion waste reduced sclerotia viability under glasshouse and field conditions although the effect was smaller in the field. Composted onion waste incorporated into soil at 50% w/w reduced the incidence of Allium white rot on onion seedlings in glasshouse pot tests. Incidence and control of the disease differed with soil type. The most consistent control was achieved in peat soil whereas no control was observed in silt soil. Incorporation of the waste 2 months prior to sowing or transplanting reduced seedling emergence in sandy loam soil and growth in all three soil types. The potential for field application of composted vegetable wastes as a sustainable method for control of Allium white rot and waste disposal is discussed.  相似文献   

A mini-bag technique for evaluation of fungicide effects on Trichoderma spp in mushroom compost     

Abosriwil SO  Clancy KJ 《Pest management science》2004,60(4):350-358

An in vivo technique was developed to observe colonisation of mushroom compost by Trichoderma spp. Isolates of T. harzianum (Th2), T. harzianum (Th1), T. koningii (Tk) and T. viride (Tv) were artificially introduced into compost using a mini-bag system. Wheat grains, colonised by Trichoderma spp, were placed centrally on a layer of compost at the bottom of 1-litre polythene bags which were then filled with 350 g of spawned or un-spawned compost, and partially sealed. After 14 and 21 days incubation at 27 degrees C, the bags were assessed for recovery of Trichoderma from middle and top zones using a needle stab re-isolation technique and a visual colonisation scoring system. Visible green mould contamination, similar to that observed in practice, developed within 21 days. The visual colonisation scoring was reliably related to the re-isolation success. In this evaluation, Trichoderma spp showed considerable differences in their relative abilities to colonise spawned and un-spawned compost, with Th2 isolates being consistently superior to the other isolates of Th1, Tk and Tv in colonising spawned compost. This technique was employed to evaluate the effects of fungicides on the colonisation of mushroom compost by three Trichoderma spp: Th2, Th1 and Tk, using 1-litre and 5-litre mini-bag systems. Aqueous suspensions of benomyl, carbendazim, thiabendazole, prochloraz and prochloraz+carbendazim incorporated into the compost at 50 mg litre(-1), or applied to spawn at 50 mg kg(-1), reduced the colonisation by Trichoderma spp. Prochloraz and prochloraz+carbendazim were superior to benomyl, carbendazim or thiabendazole in reducing compost colonisation by Th2, Th1 and Tk, with Th2 being the most persistent type, capable of colonising treated compost in the presence of all five fungicides. The prochloraz+carbendazim mixture, not normally used in mushroom production, was equal to or better than prochloraz alone. The incidence of green mould colonisation by Th2 was as extensive in the 5-litre compost bags as in the 1-litre bags, but colonisation by Th1 and Tk was more apparent in the 5-litre bags. The in vivo mini-bag evaluations using wheat grain Trichoderma inoculum and needle stab re-isolation procedures proved an efficient method for studying colonisation and screening for effectiveness of fungicides applied to mushroom compost or spawn.  相似文献   

不同堆置措施对园林有机废弃物堆肥有机物降解的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

郑卫聪  王俊  王晓明  陈晓蓉  毛小云 《华南农业大学学报》2012,33(1):28-32

采取不同的堆置措施,研究了调节C/N和添加复合菌剂对园林废弃物堆肥过程中有机物降解的动态变化和生物学指标的影响.结果表明:调节C/N和添加复合菌剂有利于堆肥温度的升高和腐熟的加快,降低堆肥的毒性,促进挥发性固体的降解,能加速有机质、总腐植酸和游离腐植酸的分解,提高堆肥中的胡富比,加快堆肥的腐熟和提高堆肥质量;调节C/N并添加复合菌剂的堆置措施比只进行C/N调节的措施更有利于堆肥的快速腐熟以及堆肥产品质量的提高.  相似文献   

中药渣堆肥浸提液对兰州百合组织培养的影响     

陈红刚  张延红  王艳  高素芳  安培坤  王引权 《湖南农业科学》2012,(11):105-106,109

为了揭示中药渣堆肥浸提液对兰州百合组织培养的影响,在1/2 MS培养基中分别加入不同量的中药渣堆肥水提液或醇提液,观察兰州百合的诱导、分化及生根情况的变化。结果表明:中药渣堆肥水浸提液或醇浸提液均能提高兰州百合的诱导、分化及生根的能力,且以1/2 MS+3.0 mL/L堆肥水浸提液效果最好。  相似文献   

猪粪比例对烟草废弃物高温堆肥腐熟进程的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

竹江良  汤利  刘晓琳  李少明  高文林  李海山 《农业环境保护》2010,(4):779-784

以烟草废弃物为基本原料进行堆肥试验,研究了不同比例猪粪与烟草废弃物混合堆肥体系中温度、pH、全氮、C/N比、水溶性NH＋4-N和种子发芽指数（GI,germination index）的动态变化规律,探讨了不同猪粪比例对烟草废弃物高温堆肥腐熟进程的影响。结果表明,在烟草废弃物中加入猪粪能缩短进入高温分解阶段的时间,增加高温分解持续时间,增加全氮含量,加快物料NH＋4-N和C/N比降低的速率,加快烟草废弃物堆肥腐熟化进程。添加一定比例猪粪的处理（烟草废弃物∶猪粪=7∶3、烟草废弃物∶猪粪=8∶2和烟草废弃物∶猪粪=9∶1）,分别在堆肥第3、4、5 d进入高温分解阶段（〉50 ℃）,高温持续时间分别为11、10、8 d;而纯烟草废弃物处理,最高温度为43 ℃,未进入高温分解阶段;至堆肥26 d,NH＋4-N含量分别比纯烟草废弃物对照降低47.7%、61.9%和25.6%;GI分别达到81.4%、84.1%和83.7%。  相似文献   

堆肥作为微生物菌剂载体的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志红  李华兴  冯宏  赵兰凤  李敏清  胡伟 《农业环境保护》2010,(7):1382-1387

以自然风干的堆肥为载体,吸附3株功能芽胞细菌液体菌剂制成不同生物肥料,通过不同时间取样比较堆肥、有机无机肥和生物有机肥以及生物复混肥中功能芽胞细菌和普通微生物数量以及pH等指标变化,探讨堆肥作为载体生产生物肥料的可行性。研究结果表明,经过自然风干的堆肥与蛭石比较,吸附液体微生物菌剂后无论外观、手感还是功能芽胞细菌死亡率,差异均不大。含水量小于15%堆肥吸附液体菌剂比例为6%比较合适,吸附比例高时,生物肥料含水量和pH较高,影响保存效果。生物有机肥和生物复混肥保存6个月时,3株功能芽胞细菌总数分别为0.59×108 CFU.g-1和0.38×108 CFU.g-1,依然可达到农业行业标准要求。生物有机肥中功能芽胞细菌数量最高,生物复混肥集合了三大肥料优点,堆肥中普通微生物数量和多样性最高。完全腐熟的堆肥经过自然风干后可作为微生物菌剂载体。  相似文献   

不同腐熟剂接种下肉牛粪污腐熟进程的比较研究     

李子健  郑重  乔健敏  成立新  岳林芳  凤英  李蕴华  王志铭  宝华  于朝晖 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(10):19-23

通过肉牛粪污好氧堆肥发酵,对接种不同腐熟剂与空白处理堆肥过程进行物理化性质分析比较,研究不同腐熟剂接种对堆肥过程的影响。结果表明：向堆肥物料中添加腐熟剂可加快堆肥升温速度,提高水分散失率、有机质降解速率,加快粪污腐熟进程,缩短堆肥周期;自主研发腐熟剂和市售腐熟剂堆肥效果相似,项目组自主研发腐熟剂具有加速肉牛粪污腐熟进程的功效。  相似文献