Genetic 'Fingerprinting' of Sunflower Lines and F₁ Hybrids using. Isozymes, Simple and Repetitive Sequences as Hybridization Probes, and Random Primers for PCR     

G. Mosges  W. Friedtu 《Plant Breeding》1994,113(2):114-124

Three different marker systems which have been widely described in the characterization of genotypes were compared. Sunflower lines and hybrids were analysed by three isozymes, oligonucleotides (GACA)₄, (GATA)₄, and (GGAT)₄ as hybridization probes, and 70 primers for PCR analysis. Polymorphisms were visible with each type of marker. However, the repeated probes, especially (GATA)₄, revealed the highest degree of variability and seem to be most appropriate for the generation of genotype-specific ‘fingerprints.’  相似文献   

Host Specialization not Detected Among Isolates of the EC-1 Lineage of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora infestans</Emphasis> Attacking Wild and Cultivated Potatoes in Peru     

Guillemette?Garry  Alberto?Salas  Gregory?A.?ForbesEmail author  Wilmer?Perez  Magnolia?Santa?Cruz  Rebecca?J.?Nelson 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,113(1):71-81

To determine whether populations of Phytophthora infestans attacking wild and cultivated potatoes in the highlands of Peru are specialized on their hosts of origin, we characterized isolates using several neutral markers, metalaxyl resistance and for aggressiveness in a detached leaf assay. One hundred and fifty-three isolates were collected from the northern and central highlands of Peru from different potato cultivars (both modern and native cultivars) and from different species of wild, tuber-bearing potatoes. All the isolates analyzed belonged to one of four clonal lineages that had been described previously in Peru: EC-1, US-1, PE-3 and PE-7. The EC-1 lineage (n = 133) was dominant and present in similar frequencies on wild and cultivated potatoes. PE-3 (n = 14) was found primarily on cultivated potatoes, with only one isolate coming from a wild host. US-1 (n = 2) and PE-7 (n = 4) were rare; all but one (PE-7) occurred on wild potatoes. Isolates from the EC-1 lineage from modern cultivars were compared in three separate detached leaf inoculation assays with EC-1 isolates from the wild potato species S. sogarandinum, S. bill-hookerii or S. huancabambense, respectively. No significant interactions between isolate type (from wild or cultivated potato) and host type (wild or cultivated) were measured for any assay. It appears that the pathogen genotypes in the EC-1 lineage indiscriminately attack both wild and cultivated tuber-bearing solanaceous hosts in Peru, and breeders should be able to select for resistance using the common EC-1 lineage.  相似文献   

适于贵州玉米种质DNA指纹库构建的SSR核心引物筛选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡萍  刘涛  杨恩琼  施文娟  郑晓锋  赵德刚 《贵州农业科学》2012,40(7):1-6

为了筛选出适用于贵州玉米种质DNA指纹库构建的引物,以21份贵州普通玉米自交系和36份糯玉米品种为材料,综合比较PIC值大小、扩增带型清晰度及引物的重复性高低,对87对SSR引物进行筛选,以确定贵州玉米种质DNA指纹库构建的核心SSR引物。结果表明:筛选出的23对和15对SSR引物可分别作为构建贵州普通玉米和贵州糯玉种质DNA指纹库的核心引物。  相似文献   

DNA分子标记技术在四大怀药研究中的应用概况   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周延清  周鹏  郭静佩  张永华  陈艳梅  张喻  杨德勇  许春 《河南农业科学》2012,41(2):21-25

DNA分子标记技术是比形态标记、细胞标记和生化标记理想的遗传标记技术,已经广泛应用于动植物和微生物的诸多研究中。但是它在四大怀药中的应用相对较少。因此,对几种DNA分子标记技术在四大怀药的遗传多样性、指纹图谱、居群遗传结构、品种鉴定和真伪品鉴别等方面的研究成果和新进展进行了综述,以期为四大怀药的深入研究提供参考。  相似文献   

脂肪酶和酯酶指纹分析在嗜酸耐热菌快速鉴定中的应用     

蔡瑞  岳田利  袁亚宏 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,40(3):163-168

【目的】采用反相高效液相色谱建立嗜酸耐热菌的脂肪酶和酯酶指纹图谱,为建立基于脂肪酶和酯酶指纹分析的嗜酸耐热菌快速鉴定方法提供参考。【方法】将5个脂肪酶和酯酶底物直接与嗜酸耐热菌反应,通过反相高效液相色谱检测得到了9株嗜酸耐热菌的脂肪酶和酯酶指纹色谱图,并对色谱数据进行系统聚类分析。【结果】所得脂肪酶和酯酶指纹图谱能将脂环酸芽孢杆菌和芽孢杆菌明显分为2个类群,且同一属的2个不同种的细菌也能得到正确归类。【结论】脂肪酶和酯酶指纹分析能够用于嗜酸耐热菌的快速鉴别,且简便快速、重现性好、经济成本低,具有广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   

浙茄类型茄子品种DNA指纹图谱构建     

魏庆镇  王五宏  胡天华  胡海娇  汪精磊  包崇来 《浙江农业学报》2019,31(11):1863

为了高效快速地区分浙茄类型茄子品种,并为鉴定浙茄品种的特异性和真实性提供依据,利用46份茄子材料,对48个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记进行核心SNP标记筛选,并利用筛选到的核心SNP标记,构建了6个浙茄类型茄子品种的SNP指纹图谱。结果表明:48个SNP标记均可转化为KASP标记,对46份茄子材料进行SNP标记的KASP分型,根据分型结果和多态性信息含量,34个SNP标记可作为核心标记,利用这些核心标记构建了6个浙茄类型茄子品种的指纹图谱;通过指纹图谱可以快速高效区分6个浙茄类型茄子品种,为茄子品种鉴定和知识产权的保护提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

水平沟整地措施对黄土丘陵区草原土壤水分动态平衡的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宿婷婷  韩丙芳  马红彬  马非  赵菲  周瑶  贾希洋 《农业工程学报》2019,35(21):125-134

三峡水库消落带是库区水域与周边陆地环境的关键过渡地带,周期性反季节干湿交替使其具有强烈的物质交换特征。辨析消落带泥沙及其吸附的颗粒态磷的来源对消落带土壤污染防治和环境效应评估以及三峡水环境保护具有重要意义。以三峡库区汝溪河支流不同高程（145～155、>155～165、>165～175 m）消落带为研究对象,运用复合指纹技术查明,消落带泥沙中颗粒态磷的主要来源是长江干流悬移质和汝溪河上游悬移质。淹水期间长江干流江水顶托引起的泥沙沉积是颗粒态磷的主要来源,在>165～175 m高程带对颗粒态磷的贡献达到最大（54.5%）。雨季初期支流上游悬移质对145～155 m高程消落带的颗粒态磷贡献最大（51.6%）,而随高程的增加贡献率减少。消落带上方的土壤侵蚀产沙主要堆积在>155～165和>165～175 m高程范围内,导致消落带上方土壤对泥沙和颗粒态磷的贡献率都随高程的增加而增加。  相似文献   

AFLP fingerprinting of Anchusa (Boraginaceae) in the Corso-Sardinian system: Genetic diversity, population differentiation and conservation priorities in an insular endemic group threatened with extinction     

Andrea Coppi 《Biological conservation》2008,141(8):2000-2011

Although several plants endemic to Corsica and Sardinia are included in various redlists, no attempts have been made to analyse their genetic diversity with molecular techniques. Genus Anchusa occurs with seven taxa in either mountain or coastal habitats of the two islands, but the very restricted range and low population size pose these endemisms in a very precarious conservation status. Highly variable markers (AFLP) were therefore used to analyse the patterns and levels of genetic diversity in a sample of 11 populations from the entire range of the group.Results indicate the separation between a mountain genic pool including Anchusa formosa, Anchusa capellii and Anchusa montelinasana, and four groups of coastal accessions. In spite of small size, mountain taxa show low interpopulation differentiation (F_st = 0.02) and relatively high intrapopulation genetic variation (0.365), while coastal accessions showed on average a stronger differentiation (mean F_st = 0.20) and a lower diversity (0.281), possibly due to higher rates of inbreeding. The particularly low levels of variation found in A. sardoa, A. littorea and A. crispa ssp. maritima from the Coghinas bay are likely due to a historical decrease of populations and to bottleneck events caused by loss of habitat and natural stochastic factors on sand dune ecosystems. While habitat maintenance and regulation of grazing by domestic herbivores should be sufficient to ensure the persistence of the mountain endemics, additional actions of in situ and ex situ conservation are needed for the critically endangered coastal species A. sardoa and A. littorea. A. crispa showed a relatively high variation, especially on Corsica. No correlation between population size and genetic variation was found in the latter species, highlighting the importance of the small patches for its conservation. Also, the genetic separation between subspecies crispa and maritima stresses the need of keeping them distinct in redlists and conservation actions on Sardinia.  相似文献   

Assessment and rationalization of genetic diversity of Papua New Guinea taro (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Colocasia esculenta</Emphasis>) using SSR DNA fingerprinting     

D. Singh  E. S. Mace  I. D. Godwin  P. N. Mathur  T. Okpul  M. Taylor  D. Hunter  R. Kambuou  V. Ramanatha Rao  G. Jackson 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(6):811-822

  相似文献   

八倍体草莓DNA指纹图谱的构建与初步遗传分析     

刘国霞  张全芳  杨雪  谭晴晴  胡悦  范阳阳  姚川  崔刚  步迅  陈雪燕  刘炳福 《中国农业大学学报》2023,28(2):35-42

为对草莓品种进行分子鉴定,从59对SSR引物中筛选出18对多态性好的引物,采用毛细管电泳检测方法对84份八倍体草莓品种进行标记分析,检测每个标记等位变异大小,并进行初步遗传分析。将每个引物对84份草莓扩增的带型按照一定原则进行数字标注,为了简化编码,引物P1~P18分别编号为字母A~R,将引物编号与相应的带型编码进行组合得到该样品在特定引物的扩增产物编码,按照18对引物顺序串联这些编码形成该品种的DNA指纹图谱。结果表明:18对SSR引物共扩增得到多态性条带150个,不同引物扩增到多态性条带数4~17个,共检测到377个带型;各引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)值为0.494~0.908,平均值为 0.738;利用18对SSR引物共构建了84个草莓品种的DNA指纹图谱。聚类分析结果表明:在遗传相似系数为0.99时能将所有品种区分开,一些来源相同的品种被优先聚在一起。综上,本研究成功构建84个草莓品种的DNA指纹图谱,这些品种遗传关系较近。  相似文献