苎麻木质素合成酶CAD基因的cDNA克隆及表达分析     

朱伟溢  陈建荣  彭彦  张学文  郭清泉  赵燕 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,40(5)

采用PCR结合RACE技术克隆苎麻栽培种湘苎3号CAD基因全长cDNA序列;再运用qRT–PCR技术对木质素含量不同的代表性苎麻品种湘苎1号、湘苎3号、湘潭大叶白和城步青麻的CAD基因在其茎秆韧皮部和木质部的表达进行定量分析;使用1%间苯三酚和25%盐酸对4种苎麻茎横切片进行特异染色,观察品种间木质素染色度。结果表明,获得的苎麻CAD基因cDNA序列全长为1 378 bp(GenBank登录号,KF758396),编码359个氨基酸,推导为苎麻肉桂醇脱氢酶(BnCAD)。该推导蛋白质与已报道的几种植物木质素合成酶CAD的同源性均达90%以上,其中与蒺藜苜蓿的同源性达97%。运用qRT–PCR方法对BnCAD基因表达的定量分析结果显示,苎麻CAD基因在湘苎1号和湘苎3号的韧皮部表达水平明显高于其在木质部的表达水平,而在城步青麻木质部的表达水平高于其在韧皮部的表达水平,该基因在湘潭大叶白的韧皮部和木质部表达量接近。4种苎麻茎横切片的木质素染色结果表明,品种间木质素染色度与CAD基因在其韧皮部的表达量成正相关。  相似文献   

GRP1.8-反义pt4CL1基因对巨尾桉 木质素含量的影响     

靳玉蕾  魏振宝  周利建  赵艳玲 《广东农业科学》2014,41(7):134-136

桉树是桃金娘科桉树属(Eucalyptus）植物的统称,是制浆造纸的主要原料之一,但是桉树中含有大量木 质素,木质素的存在会严重影响纸浆的质量。4-香豆酸颐辅酶A 连接酶(4CL）是木质素单体生物合成的关键酶之一, 抑制4CL 基因的表达,可以有效降低植物中木质素的含量。通过根癌农杆菌介导的叶盘转化法,将形成层定位启动 子GRP1.8 融合的杨树反义4-香豆酸:辅酶A 连接酶基因导入巨尾桉,经卡那霉素筛选和PCR 鉴定,获得9 株转基 因阳性植株。通过4CL 酶活性测定和木质素、纤维素含量的分析,发现转基因组培苗的4CL 酶活性比对照植株下降 了44%,温室转基因幼苗中硫酸木质素含量下降了16%。  相似文献   

Research Progress on Effects of Proline on Reproductive Performance of Sows     

CHEN Qiu-ping  XU Sheng-xiang  LIU Qing-you  SHI De-shun 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(3):767-772

Proline is a cyclic α-imino acids,meanwhile it also can be considered as a functional amino acid for mammals and plays an important role in protein synthesis,organism metabolism,wound healing,anti-oxidant and immune reactions. The studys have found that extra dietary supplementation of moderated proline has great significance in improving the growth and development of conceptus,piglets, embryo,mammary gland and placenta of sows,at the same time it also can prevent intrauterine growth restriction. The author reviewed structure characters and physicochemical properties,anabolism and catabolism of proline,and especially focused on its effects on the reproductive performance of pregnancy sows and potential regulation mechanism aiming to provide some help for the researchers in the field of sows.  相似文献   

Lipid biosynthesis from [¹⁴C]-glucose in the coral Montipora digitata     

Hirosuke  OKU  Hideyuki  YAMASHIRO  Kyoko  ONAGA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(3):625-631

ABSTRACT:     Glucose has been implicated in functioning as a form of carbon translocated from symbiont zooxanthellae to the host coral cell. The present paper describes the lipid biosynthesis from [¹⁴C]-glucose in the coral tissue. To study the incorporation of [¹⁴C]-glucose into lipids, the branch tips of the coral Montipora digitata were incubated with [¹⁴C]-glucose or another radiolabeled substrates. The lipid biosynthesis from [¹⁴C]-glucose was dependent on light, and was decreased by dark conditions or by photosystem II inhibitor, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. Of the lipid classes, the light dependency was more pronounced with the biosynthesis of triacylglycerols (TG) and wax compared with phospholipids. Examination of [¹⁴C]-label distribution in the glycerolipids suggested that [¹⁴C]-glucose supplied mainly the fatty acid moiety of newly synthesized TG, while [¹⁴C]-glucose provided evenly the fatty acid moiety and the glycerol skeleton of phospholipids. The comparison of [¹⁴C]-labeling of lipid from host coral tissue and symbiont zooxanthellae suggested that [¹⁴C]-glucose entered the coral cell and was processed in parallel in the zooxanthellae and host cells. Furthermore, the coral cells used various [¹⁴C]-labeled sugars for lipid synthesis with similar lipid labeling profile as was the case for glucose. The current study thus supports the view that the low-molecular-weight compound, sugars and amino acids, once translocated from zooxanthellae to host cell were metabolized toward lipogenesis as well as glycerol.  相似文献   

核桃硬壳发育期内果皮木质素与相关酶活性的#br# 变化     

文菁  赵书岗  王红霞  张志华  李夕勃 《园艺学报》2015,42(11):2144-2152

 以‘赞美’和‘珍珠香’核桃（Juglans regia L.）果实为试材,采用间苯三酚–HCl 法观察 了内果皮木质化过程,测定了其发育过程中木质素、纤维素和酚类物质含量以及相关酶活性的变化。结 果表明：两个品种核桃硬壳木质化始于6 月初,6 月中旬初步成型,7 月下旬完成。从硬壳木质化至坚果 采收,木质素、纤维素和酚类物质含量均呈逐渐升高趋势,但酚类物质含量在采前略有下降,POD 和PAL 活性均呈下降趋势,PPO 活性整体变化不大。相关分析表明,核桃硬壳分化期木质素含量与纤维素含量 极显著正相关,酚类物质含量与木质素含量极显著正相关,与纤维素含量显著正相关;POD 活性与木质 素、纤维素、酚类物质含量极显著负相关,与PAL 活性极显著正相关。  相似文献   

大豆吡哆醇生物合成蛋白基因(PDX)的电子克隆和进化分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李蕊  孟宪萍  胡英考  蔡民华  李雅轩 《华北农学报》2007,22(1):64-68

电子克隆(In silicocloning)是随着基因组计划和EST计划实施而发展起来的利用生物信息学手段进行基因克隆的新方法。根据物种间同源基因相对保守的特点,以拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)吡哆醇生物合成蛋白cDNA序列为信息探针,对大豆(Glycine max)EST数据库进行同源搜索和序列拼接,获得了1 280 bp长的大豆吡哆醇生物合成蛋白的基因序列(GenBank登陆号为DQ139265)。经过RT-PCR扩增、基因组PCR扩增、分子克隆和序列分析验证,结果表明与电子克隆序列完全一致。该基因具有完整的开放阅读框架(ORF,20~955 bp),编码311个氨基酸。通过与水稻、日本百脉根、烟草、截形苜蓿等物种的吡哆醇生物合成蛋白序列比对,发现该基因具有高度的保守性。表明根据物种间同源基因序列,对跨物种间EST数据库进行同源检索、筛选、拼接,是克隆基因的有效途径。  相似文献   

Alkaloid accumulation in capsules of the selfed and cross-pollinated poppy   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J. Bernáth    É. Németh  F. Petheõ  W. Friedt 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(3):263-267

In harmony with international regulations the creation of poppy cultivars with high alkaloid content as well as free of alkaloids is in progress. In the course of selection procedures, five poppy cultivars of high chemical diversity, ‘Kheops’, ‘AT, ‘Tebona’, ‘Kék Gemona’ and ‘Przemko’, were selfed and crossed in two successive years (2000‐01). After full ripening, both the biomass production and the alkaloid content of capsules of selfed and crossed plants were determined. When the castrated alkaloid‐free cultivar ‘Przemko’ (accumulating only 0.01 mg/100 g morphine in capsules) was pollinated with cultivars rich in alkaloids, the morphine content of its capsules increased to 0.9‐7.5 mg/100 g‐values. Based on the well‐known biosynthetic background of poppy alkaloids, this can be explained by promotion of (S)‐norcoclaurine synthesis, which seems to be suppressed in alkaloid‐free plants; but tissues of the developing hybrid seeds, which contain a combined gene pool of both alkaloid‐free cultivar and that of the pollen donor plants, release this suppression. The chemical metaxenia also manifested itself in other combinations. In particular, the appearance of narcotine (0.1‐1.1 mg/100 g) in the narcotine‐free cultivars ‘Kheops’, ‘A1’ and ‘Przemko’ can be explained biochemically. If the narcotine‐type plants ‘Kék Gemona’ (accumulating 11.3 mg/g narcotine) were used for pollination, the developing seed tissue, which contains the gene pool of narcotine biosynthesis, might contribute to the suppression of the activity of 1,2‐dehydroreticuline reductase, which leads to the accumulation of narcotine at the cost of morphinanes.  相似文献   

水稻淀粉合成代谢相关基因与千粒重QTLs的连锁分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

樊叶杨  姜华武  佃蔚敏  吴运荣  吴平 《分子植物育种》2003,1(3):321-330

稻米淀粉的合成和积累是水稻千粒重形成的重要基础之一。在水稻千粒重QTLs定位分析基础上，对本研究克隆的14个水稻胚乳淀粉合成与积累相关基因及已报道的和预测的42个相关基因进行了电子定位分析，比较水稻淀粉合成代谢相关基因与千粒重QTLs的连锁关系。发现有38个基因位点与千粒重QTLs连锁，说明千粒重形成与胚乳淀粉积累与淀粉结构形成代谢密切相关。本研究结果将为进一步研究水稻产量形成的分子机理提供参考。  相似文献   

Inheritance of flower colour and flavonoid pigments in Gerbera     

A. Tyrach  W. Horn 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(4):377-381

The flower colour of Gerbera, an important ornamental cut flower, is derived from carotenoids and flavonoids. The knowledge of enzymological and genetic control of flavonoid biosynthesis is still incomplete. The present paper summarizes the results obtained at our institute between 1981 and 1993. The material for the investigation of phenotypic segregation and segregation of flavonoids after chromatographic analysis came from 408 progenies of controlled crosses. Phenotypic segregation analysis showed acyanic genotypes to be homozygous recessive and recessive epistatic over cyanic genotypes, respectively. This was confirmed by the existence of two loci controlling steps in biosynthesis (fht, dfr or ans) showing recessive mutants and complementary gene action after crosses. Flavone formation is effected by one dominant allele (fns⁺); dominant and recessive genotypes are now available. Regarding anthocyanidin inheritance, an unusual epistasis of 4′-hydroxylation (pelargonidin formation) over 3′,4′-hydroxylation (cyanidin formation) was observed. Final proof of the postulated gene actions will come from enzymological and molecular biological investigations of the chemogenetically defined Gerbera genotypes now available.  相似文献   

Modification of sunflower oil quality by seed-specific expression of a heterologous Δ9-stearoyl-(acyl carrier protein) desaturase gene     

P. Rousselin    J. Molinier    C. Himber    D. Schontz    P. Prieto-Dapena  J. Jordano    N. Martini    S. Weber    R. Horn    M. Ganssmann    R. Grison    M. Pagniez    A. Toppan    W. Friedt  G. Hahne 《Plant Breeding》2002,121(2):108-116

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