甘肃菊科牧草霜霉病调查研究     

孟有儒 《草业科学》2003,20(4):40-42

经调查，甘肃12种菊科牧草上发生霜霉病，由盘霜霉属的7个种、轴霜霉属1个种和首次在甘肃发现的类霜霉属2个种侵梁所致，并发现鉴定盘霜霉新组合种和变种各1个。霜霉病一般在河西地区较陇东、陇南发病严重，有的发病率高速40％以上。  相似文献   

玉米籽粒突变体dek101的表型分析和精细定位     

Xin-Ran SONG  Shu-Ting HU  Kai ZHANG  Ze-Jin CUI  Jian-Sheng LI  Xiao-Hong YANG  Guang-Hong BAI 《作物学报》1962,46(12):1831-1838

As the storage organ of maize, kernel development and accumulation of storage production directly determines maize yield and quality. In this study, a stable defective kernel mutant, named as defective kernel 101 (dek101), was identified during the development of double haploid (DH) lines in maize. The dek101 kernels displayed severely shrunk kernel appearance, significantly reduced kernel weight, lethal embryo, defective endosperm and were incapable of germinating. The dek101 showed obvious developmental abnormalities at 12 days after pollination (DAP). The fresh weight, dry weight and volume of the kernels were no longer increased after 21 DAP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that the starch granules of dek101 were significantly smaller compared with wild-type kernels. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the mutant trait was controlled by a recessive single gene. Using 441 F₂ individuals and 1648 F₃ individuals, dek101 was narrowed down to a genomic region of about 300 kb between the InDel marker IDP2182 and IDP4600 on chromosome 1, which contains five predicted genes. These results laid the foundation for mining functional genes related to maize kernel development and deciphering the mechanism of grain development.  相似文献   

Impaired purine biosynthesis affects pathogenicity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium oxysporum</Emphasis> f. sp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">melonis</Emphasis>     

Youlia?Denisov  Oded?Yarden  Stanley?FreemanEmail author 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,112(3):293-297

The vascular wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis causes worldwide yield losses of muskmelon. In this study, we characterized a UV-induced non-pathogenic mutant (strain 4/4) of F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis, previously identified as a potential biological control agent. During comparative analysis of vegetative growth parameters using different carbon sources, mutant strain 4/4 showed a delay in development and secretion of extracellular enzymes, compared to the wild type strain. Amendments of the growth medium with yeast extract, adenine or hypoxanthine, but not guanine, complemented the growth defect of strain 4/4, as well as secretion and partial activity of cellulases and endopolygalacturonases, indicating that the strain is an adenine auxotroph. Incubation of strain 4/4 conidia in adenine solution, prior to inoculation of muskmelon plants, partially restored pathogenicity to the mutant strain.  相似文献   

一个新的水稻短根毛突变体的遗传分析和基因定位     

丁沃娜  黄炜  宁永强  朱世华 《作物学报》2012,38(2):240-244

根毛是植物吸收水分和养分的重要器官。本研究从T-DNA突变体库中获得一个以中花11为遗传背景的水稻短根毛突变体, 命名为ossrh3 (Oryza sativa short root hair 3)。该突变体的根毛伸长严重受阻, 并且伴随株高、主根长、侧根长和侧根数目等性状的改变。遗传分析表明该突变性状受1对隐性单基因控制, 利用ossrh3纯合体和籼稻品种Kasalath杂交构建F₂定位群体, 利用已公布的水稻SSR (simple sequence repeat)和自行设计的STS (sequence- tagged site)标记, 最终将OsSRH3定位在水稻第1染色体上的标记S38978和S39016之间, 物理距离约为37.7 kb, 包含8个候选基因, 为进一步克隆OsSRH3基因和研究禾本科作物根毛发育的分子调控机理提供了依据。  相似文献   

Identification and Gene Mapping of a multi-floret spikelet 1 （mfsl） Mutant Associated with Spikelet Development in Rice     

REN  De-yong LI  Yun-feng WANG  Zeng XU  Fang-fang GUO  Shuang ZHAO  Fang-ming SANG  Xian-  chun LING  Ying-hua HE  Guang-hua 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2012,(10):1574-1579

  相似文献   

Characterization of a Novel Chlorophyll-Deficient Mutant Mt6172 in Wheat     

GUO Hui-jun  ZHAO Hong-bing  ZHAO Lin-shu  GU Jia-yu  ZHAO Shi-rong  LI Jun-hui  LIU Qing-chang  LIU Lu-xiang 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2012,11(6):888-897

Identification of new chlorophyll-deficient mutants will provide materials for studying signaling components and pathways between plastid and nucleus.A novel chlorophyll-deficient mutant,named Mt6172,w...  相似文献   

生长调节物质对梨极矮化突变体生长的影响     

金灿  许雪  曹后男  宗成文  刘淼 《延边大学农学学报》2012,34(2):93-98,124

以3年生极矮化突变体及嫁接当年幼苗为试材,分别用生长调节物质GA3、BR、IAA、PP333处理极矮化种质,比较其生长情况,分析极矮化突变体对生长调节物质的敏感性。结果表明,外源PP333处理显著抑制梨极矮化突变体的生长,即极矮化种质对外源PP333敏感,外源GA处理在总的生长量上与对照没有差异,但阶段性生长量上表现出显著差异,表明对外源GA敏感,可能属于GA缺陷型。  相似文献   

玉米缺陷型籽粒突变体的遗传分析及突变基因dek1-T7的定位     

黄荣荣  周子键  陈甲法  丁俊强  吴建宇 《分子植物育种》2012,(2):163-168

突变体是功能基因组学研究和分子育种的重要材料。自然条件下,在玉米自交系M08649中发现一个突变穗,其突变表型表现为凹陷,没有胚以及胚乳,不能发芽并繁殖后代的缺陷型籽粒(defectivekernel)。利用出现籽粒突变自交系M08649的杂合体与正常自交系齐319构建分离群体对突变体进行遗传分析,共有85个F2代自交穗具有突变籽粒,38个F2代自交穗表现为正常,统计分析发现其符合2:1的分离比例。同时在85个具有突变籽粒的穗子中,共有9961粒正常籽粒和3217粒突变籽粒,符合3:1的分离比例,初步证实自交系M08649中控制籽粒发育的突变基因属于单个基因的隐性突变,暂命名为dek1-T7(t)。利用SSR分子标记将该基因初步定位在第1染色体的短臂上1.03区,位于SSR标记bnlg2204和Hkf1-3之间,两个标记之间的物理距离为1.78Mb。本研究结果为该基因的克隆和功能分析奠定了基础。  相似文献   

冰岛硫化叶菌xpb基因缺失突变体的构建及遗传学分析     

李素明  张昌毅  彭楠  梁运祥  佘群新 《华中农业大学学报》2012,31(1):28-33

为在体内研究古菌核苷酸切除修复(nucleotide excision repair,NER)机制,利用基因敲除的方法,对泉古菌核苷酸切除修复机制进行研究,构建了冰岛硫化叶菌编码真核生物NER解旋酶XPB同源蛋白的基因xpb1和xpb2单缺失突变体,从而在体内分析xpb1和xpb2基因的功能。结果表明:基因xpb1或xpb2不是冰岛硫化叶菌存活的必需基因。表型分析发现,xpb1和xpb2基因单缺失突变体相较野生型菌株REY15A,对DNA损伤试剂4-NQO 4-硝基喹啉-1-氧化物(4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide,4-NQO)分别表现出轻微敏感性和不敏感性,暗示NER解旋酶功能在冰岛硫化叶菌体内存在多重冗余。  相似文献   

超氧化物歧化酶与苏云金芽胞杆菌高温诱导产黑色素相关     

刘风侠  杨文君  阮丽芳  孙明 《华中农业大学学报》2012,31(1):39-43

为探讨苏云金芽胞杆菌高温诱导产黑色素机制,利用含mini-Tn10转座子载体pIC333构建苏云金芽胞杆菌油松亚种4CA1,随机插入突变体库,以寻找相关调控基因。通过高温诱导筛选得到1株在42℃产黑色素减弱的菌株;克隆得到mini-Tn10中断基因的部分序列,通过测序及同源性比对分析,确定中断基因为超氧化物歧化酶基因sodA2。  相似文献