光合细菌FP04的筛选及对中华鳖养殖水质和生产效益的影响     

方卫东  唐旭  何建林  俞超超  徐长安 《水产养殖》2012,(4):12-16

从入海排污口污泥中筛选到一株有较强净化养殖水质能力的光合细菌,初步鉴定其为红螺菌,命名为FP04。实验室试验表明,FP04能有效降低养殖污水的CODcr含量。在中华鳖的养殖水体中加入不同浓度的FP04,结果与对照组比较,FP04可显著降低养殖水体中的氨氮和化学需氧量,并可减少甲鱼病害发生,提高甲鱼养殖成活率和增重率,其中以养殖水体中FP04浓度为9×104CFU/mL的效果最好,成活率和增重率分别提高14%和31%。  相似文献   

3种植物生长调节剂对坛紫菜自由丝状体生长与光合色素含量的影响     

钟晨辉  林琪  张鹏  黄瑞芳  林向阳  刘燕飞 《海洋渔业》2017,39(2)

采用单因素分析法,比较研究了添加3种外源植物生长调节剂(吲哚乙酸IAA、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-D、激动素KT)对野生型坛紫菜(Pyropia haitanensis)自由丝状体生长及光合色素含量的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,低浓度的IAA(0.5~4.0 mg·L~(-1))和KT(0.5~2.0 mg·L~(-1))对藻体的特定生长率有显著影响,以2.0 mg·L~(-1)IAA和1.0 mg·L~(-1)KT对藻体的促生长效应最大,培养25 d时藻体鲜重增加最大,分别是对照组的1.90倍和1.52倍(P0.05)。高浓度的IAA(6.0~10.0 mg·L~(-1))和KT(4.0~10.0 mg·L~(-1))却会抑制藻体生长(P0.05)。培养25 d时,与对照组相比,2.0 mg·L~(-1)IAA和1.0 mg·L~(-1)KT均有利于叶绿素a(Chl a)和类胡萝卜素(Car)的合成,Chl a含量分别增加了23.7%和23.8%;Car含量分别增加了31.0%和28.6%(P0.05)。然而,高浓度的IAA和KT(6.0、10.0 mg·L~(-1))不利于Chl a的合成,其处理浓度越高,Chl a含量下降越多。与对照组相比,较低浓度的IAA(1.0~2.0 mg·L~(-1))明显促进藻红蛋白(PE)和藻蓝蛋白(PC)合成,其中2.0 mg·L~(-1)IAA处理组PE、PC含量最高,分别增加了59.1%和45.7%(P0.05)。较低浓度的KT(0.5~2.0 mg·L~(-1))均有利于PE、PC合成,其中0.5 mg·L~(-1)KT处理组的PE、PC含量增加最多,分别提高了48.4%和50.5%(P0.05)。高浓度的IAA(6.0、10.0 mg·L~(-1))和KT(10.0 mg·L~(-1))则明显降低了PE、PC合成(P0.05)。2,4-D对藻体的特定生长率和光合色素合成无显著影响(P0.05)。  相似文献   

光合细菌固定化及其净化养鱼水质的研究   总被引：40，自引：2，他引：40  

战培荣 《水产学报》1997,21(1):97-100

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Does root-sourced ABA play a role for regulation of stomata under drought in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)     

Sven-Erik Jacobsen  Fulai LiuChristian Richardt Jensen 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

The Andean seed crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is traditionally grown under drought and other adverse conditions that constrain crop production in the Andes, and it is regarded as having considerable tolerance to soil drying. The objective of this research was to study how chemical and hydraulic signalling from the root system controlled gas exchange in a drying soil in quinoa. It was observed that during soil drying, relative g_s and photosynthesis A_max (drought stressed/fully watered plants) equalled 1, until the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) decreased to 0.82 ± 0.152 and 0.33 ± 0.061, respectively, at bud formation, indicating that photosynthesis was maintained after stomata closure. The relationship between relative g_s and relative A_max at bud formation was represented by a logarithmic function (r² = 0.79), which resulted in a photosynthetic water use efficiency WUE_Amax_/gs$\text{WU}{\text{E}}_{A_{\text{max}}/g_{\text{s}}}$ of 1 when FTSW > 0.8, and increased by 50% with soil drying to FTSW 0.7–0.4. Mild soil drying slightly increased ABA in the xylem. It is concluded that during soil drying, quinoa plants have a sensitive stomatal closure, by which the plants are able to maintain leaf water potential (ψ_l) and A_max, resulting in an increase of WUE. Root originated ABA plays a role in stomata performance during soil drying. ABA regulation seems to be one of the mechanisms utilised by quinoa when facing drought inducing decrease of turgor of stomata guard cells.  相似文献   

加工番茄光合日变化及影响因子的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李英才  薛琳  孙福荣  田丽萍 《北方园艺》2009,(4)

用Li-6400和同化箱对加工番茄G-2单叶和群体光合日变化进行测定并对输出数据加以研究分析.结果表明:G-2光合日变化曲线呈双峰型并具有"午睡"现象;与日变化显著相关的影响因子有气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和大气CO2浓度,最主要的影响因子是气孔导度,气孔导度大净光合速率就高,可为田间栽培和高光效育种提供理论依据.  相似文献   

Effects of canola meal on physiological and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)     

A. SHAFAEIPOUR  V. YAVARI  B. FALAHATKAR  J. Gh. MAREMMAZI  & E. GORJIPOUR 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(2):110-119

Rainbow trout (initial body weight 4.16 ± 0.25 g) were fed diets [crude protein 420 g kg^?1; gross energy 18.7 MJ kg^?1 dry matter (DM); crude fat 110 g kg^?1] containing graded levels of either a canola meal (crude protein 350 g kg^?1 DM) supplemented with DL‐methionine as partial fish meal protein. A growth trial was conducted over 16 weeks at a water temperature of 12 ± 1 °C. At the end of the growth trial, in addition to body composition analyses, plasma tri‐iodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄), cholesterol and liver fatty acid composition were measured. Replacement of fish meal with canola meal (100–570 g kg^?1 replacement) did not affect on growth performance. At 16th week, plasma cholesterol levels were reduced in fish fed all diets in comparison with 8th week. Plasma T₄ levels were significantly higher in the canola meal‐fed fish sampled after 16 weeks, but no significant differences in T₃ levels were obtained (P > 0.05). Proximate compositions were affected by dietary treatments. The liver fatty acid composition reflected that of the diet with a higher level of polyunsaturated (n‐6) fatty acids in fish fed diet canola meal and a higher content in n‐3/n‐6 ratio in fish fed diet without canola meal. These studies show that canola meal has potential to replace substantial levels of fish meal in diets for carnivorous fish without compromising performance.  相似文献   

生草对干旱荒漠区苹果光合特性与叶片质量的影响     

陈俊  张琦  杨梦宇  袁振杨 《中国农业科技导报》2021,23(5):160-167

为探究干旱荒漠区生草覆盖对果园苹果光合特性和叶片质量的影响,选用富士苹果,设置清耕和生草覆盖处理,研究不同处理对苹果叶片光合特性日变化及叶片质量的影响。结果表明,生草覆盖与清耕处理的果园空气相对湿度（RH）及苹果叶片的净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、水分利用率(WUE)及光能利用率（LUE）的日变化趋势相似,生草覆盖提高了苹果叶片的P_n、G_s、RH、WUE、LUE,降低了叶片胞间CO2浓度(C_i)、蒸腾速率(T_r)及空气温度（T_a）。通径分析发现,清耕处理的T_a对P_n有限制作用,G_s、C_i、T_r和RH是P_n的主要决定因子;生草覆盖处理的T_a和RH对P_n有限制作用,G_s、C_i和T_r是P_n的主要决定因子。果园生草覆盖增加了叶片的鲜重、干重、比叶重、叶绿素含量及K元素含量。研究表明果园生草覆盖适合在干旱荒漠区推广使用,为干旱荒漠区果园生草覆盖提供理论依据。  相似文献   

不同施磷水平对橡胶幼苗光合与生理代谢的影响     

贺军军  姚艳丽  林清火  罗萍  林钊沐 《热带作物学报》2016,36(4):1-4

通过盆栽试验研究不同施磷水平对橡胶树幼苗叶片光合与代谢的影响,为橡胶幼龄胶园施肥量提供科学依据。以热研7-33-97嫁接苗为材料,设置5个施磷水平(不施磷为对照)对橡胶树幼苗叶片磷含量、光合作用和代谢特征的影响。结果发现：在土壤施磷水平为1 000 mg/kg时,可以保障橡胶幼苗的正常生长,同时增加光合速率和促进生理代谢;低浓度施磷水平(≤500 mg/kg)时,表现为施磷不足;高浓度施磷水平(≥2 000 mg/kg)对橡胶幼苗叶片光合和生理代谢造成抑制作用。  相似文献   

不同灌溉模式对杂交水稻生育后期根系生理特性和剑叶光合特性的影响   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24  

曾翔  李阳生  谢小立  肖国樱  廖江林 《中国水稻科学》2003,17(4):355-359

对杂交水稻组合红莲优6和两优1193在淹水灌溉和湿润灌溉两种灌溉模式下生育后期的根系和光合生理特性进行了比较分析。结果显示,湿润灌溉增大了水稻根系密度,提高了根系活力,相关分析显示根系密度与根系活力呈正相关(r1=0.66, r2=0.68)。齐穗期剑叶叶绿素含量处理间差异不显著,但成熟期湿润灌溉显著高于淹水灌溉,推测湿润灌溉有利于剑叶功能期的延长和光合速率的提高。湿润灌溉条件下,群体生长率和相对生长率均显著高于淹水灌溉,表明湿润灌溉有利于水稻生殖生长期的干物质积累。上述结果可能是湿灌处理条件下水稻单位面积的产量极显著高于淹灌处理的主要原因。  相似文献   

槟榔间作香露兜对香露兜光合特性和香气成分的影响     

鱼欢  钟壹鸣  吉训志  张昂  唐瑾暄  李金双  邓文明  宗迎  秦晓威 《热带作物学报》2022,43(4):779-787

为了研究槟榔与香露兜间作后香露兜叶片光合特性及香气成分变化,通过田间试验,比较槟榔间作香露兜处理和香露兜单作对照在叶片的光合特性和香气成分等差异。结果表明,处理叶片的净光合速率显著增加,叶片温度显著降低,叶片净光合速率和叶温间负相关关系达到显著水平;处理和对照叶片中共鉴定出9类31种香气成分,其中处理叶片的大量香气成分如角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮、丙酮醇以及特征香气成分2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉等17种共有香气成分含量显著高于对照,丙酮酸甲酯和呋喃酮含量显著低于对照;叶片香气成分中角鲨烯和3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮含量与净光合速率呈显著正相关关系,2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮以及丙酮醇等挥发性香气成分含量均与叶片温度呈极显著负相关关系。由此可见,槟榔间作香露兜能提高香露兜叶片的净光合速率并降低叶片温度,进而提高主要香气成分含量和提升香露兜叶片品质,可为槟榔林下间作香露兜高效栽培模式的推广应用提供理论支撑。  相似文献