The impact of truncating data on the predictive ability for single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction          下载免费PDF全文

Jeremy T. Howard  Tom A. Rathje  Caitlyn E. Bruns  Danielle F. Wilson‐Wells  Stephen D. Kachman  Matthew L. Spangler 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2018,135(4):251-262

Simulated and swine industry data sets were utilized to assess the impact of removing older data on the predictive ability of selection candidate estimated breeding values (EBV) when using single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP). Simulated data included thirty replicates designed to mimic the structure of swine data sets. For the simulated data, varying amounts of data were truncated based on the number of ancestral generations back from the selection candidates. The swine data sets consisted of phenotypic and genotypic records for three traits across two breeds on animals born from 2003 to 2017. Phenotypes and genotypes were iteratively removed 1 year at a time based on the year an animal was born. For the swine data sets, correlations between corrected phenotypes (Cp) and EBV were used to evaluate the predictive ability on young animals born in 2016–2017. In the simulated data set, keeping data two generations back or greater resulted in no statistical difference (p‐value > 0.05) in the reduction in the true breeding value at generation 15 compared to utilizing all available data. Across swine data sets, removing phenotypes from animals born prior to 2011 resulted in a negligible or a slight numerical increase in the correlation between Cp and EBV. Truncating data is a method to alleviate computational issues without negatively impacting the predictive ability of selection candidate EBV.  相似文献   

X射线荧光光谱法快速测定稻谷中的镉     

李梅 《粮食储藏》2016,(1):46-48

探索了一种对稻谷中重金属镉的快速、直接的测定方法,以适用稻谷集中收购、存储和流通过程中快速检测的的需要。样品无需前处理,直接磨成粉状即可上机测定。该方法采用X射线荧光光谱分析的原理,样品中的待测元素受激产生特征X射线,并由高性能探测器接收,得到镉元素的信号强度,然后根据信号强度与浓度的比例关系,经过软件处理自动计算样品中镉的含量,20min内完成精确定量。检出限可达到0.034mg/kg,实物标样标准偏差为0.016。此方法简单快速,并且准确性高,重现性好,可广泛应用于稻谷中镉的快速检测。  相似文献   

Evaluation of Cold Tolerance in NERICAs Compared with Japanese Standard Rice Varieties at the Reproductive Stage          下载免费PDF全文

C. M. Wainaina  Y. Inukai  P. W. Masinde  E. M. Ateka  H. Murage  M. Kano‐Nakata  Y. Nakajima  T. Terashima  Y. Mizukami  M. Nakamura  T. Nonoyama  N. Saka  S. Asanuma  A. Yamauchi  H. Kitano  J. Kimani  D. Makihara 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(6):461-472

New Rice for Africa (NERICA) is a general name for interspecific rice varieties derived from a cross between the high‐yielding Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) between locally adapted African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.). Eight NERICAs were evaluated for cold tolerance (CT) at the reproductive stage and compared with their O. sativa parents and three Japanese standard rice varieties over 3 years. Cold tolerance was evaluated based on the filled grain ratio (FGR) after cold water irrigation. The FGR was greatly reduced by cold water irrigation. NERICA 1, 2 and 7 had higher FGR (51.9–57.9 %), while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 had lower FGR (6.2–14.5 %). NERICA 1, 2 and 7 were less affected by cold stress, with a 31 % mean reduction in FGR, while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 were greatly affected, with their FGRs being reduced by more than 80 %. NERICA 3 and 4 were moderately affected by cold stress, with about 45 % reduction rate in FGR. FGR significantly influenced the grain weights of the varieties with strong positive correlations (r = 0.83–0.91; P < 0.001), and thus, similar trends in grain weights were observed. Grain weights were reduced by 61.7–96.4 % under cold stress. NERICA 1, 2 and 7 showed significantly better performance than NERICA 3 and 4, while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 performed poorly under cold water irrigation. The Japanese varieties Koshihikari (very tolerant) and Ozora (moderately tolerant) were more affected by cold water irrigation than NERICA 1, 2 and 7. On the basis of the mean reduction rate (%) in FGR under cold stress, the varieties were classified as follows: NERICA 1, 2 and 7 as tolerant; NERICA 3 and 4 as moderately tolerant; and NERICA 6, 15 and 16 as susceptible to cold stress. However, NERICA 7 grain yields were lower under cold stress due to both greatly reduced number of panicles per plant and number of spikelets per panicle. Therefore, NERICA 1 and 2 are suitable candidates for production in the highland regions of East Africa and should be promoted for production.  相似文献   

Effect of RBSDV Infection on Transcriptional Expression of Abscisic Acid Metabolism Related Genes in Rice     

Hai-ping NI  Qiu-fang XU  Ying LAN  Qing-qing CHEN  Jin-feng ZHANG  Yi-jun ZHOU 《中国水稻科学》2015,29(3):319

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水稻BWMK1互作基因的分离     

潘素君 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,37(5):494-496

为探明BWMK1介导的信号传导途径,采用酵母双杂交系统,构建水稻稻瘟病菌诱导后的cDNA文库,以BWMK1为诱饵,对文库进行筛选,通过验证、测序和基因编码分析,获得了7个BWMK1互作基因BWIP1～BWIP7,分别位于水稻基因组第12、2、3、10、6、4、5染色体上；7个互作基因中,除BWlP2和BWIP7未找到同...  相似文献   

水稻半外卷叶突变体sol1的表型分析与基因定位     

谢园华  李凤菲  马晓慧  谭佳  夏赛赛  桑贤春  杨正林  凌英华 《作物学报》2020,46(2):204-213

适度卷曲有利于提高水稻叶片的光合效率,增加植株光合产物的有效积累量。我们利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理籼型水稻保持系西农1B,获得一个稳定遗传的水稻半外卷叶突变体。该突变体从十叶期开始各叶片逐渐向外卷曲直至半卷状,并伴随茎秆半矮化和叶片披垂,暂被命名为semi-outcurved leaf 1(sol1)。与野生型(WT)相比,sol1的叶片卷曲指数均达到30%以上(P<0.01);倒一、倒二、倒三、倒四节节间长度和穗长极显著缩短,倒一、倒二、倒三叶的叶夹角显著或极显著增加;有效穗数、千粒重、每穗实粒数、结实率显著或极显著下降,一次枝梗数则增加11.3%(P<0.05)。sol1的蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度显著高于野生型。石蜡切片显示,sol1倒一叶的泡状细胞体积变小,数量显著增多,表皮细胞体积略微增大。遗传分析表明,sol1的半外卷叶性状受1对隐性核基因调控,定位于6号染色体标记JY6-3和JY6-10之间165 kb的物理范围内,共含15个注释基因。qRT-PCR结果表明,与泡状细胞相关的内卷基因和外卷叶基因RL14、Roc5、REL1在突变体sol1中呈不同程度的上调,NRL、BRD1、OsHox32、ADL1、LC2则呈不同程度的下调。研究结果为SOL1基因的克隆和功能研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Investigation of Rice Virus Diseases and Analysis of the Molecular Variation of RSV Isolates in the Main Rice-growing Areas of Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2014     

Shui-ying ZHANG  Guan-lin TAN  Guo-min REN  Mei-rong LI  Yue-yue LI  Ping-xiu LAN  Fu-rong GUI  Hai-ning WANG  Shu-sheng ZHU  Fan LI 《中国水稻科学》2015,29(5):535

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氮肥与密度互作对单粒精播花生根系形态、植株性状及产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jun-Hua LIU  Zheng-Feng WU  Pu SHEN  Tian-Yi YU  Yong-Mei ZHENG  Xue-Wu SUN  Lin LI  Dian-Xu CHEN  Cai-Bin WANG  Shu-Bo WAN 《作物学报》2020,46(10):1605-1616

为明确花生单粒精播适宜的氮肥水平和种植密度,本研究于2018年和2019年以‘花育22’为供试花生品种,设置3个氮肥水平(0 kg hm~(–2), N0; 60 kg hm~(–2), N1; 120 kg hm~(–2), N2), 3个种植密度(7.93万株hm~(–2), D1; 15.86万株hm~(–2),D2; 23.79万株hm~(–2), D3),采用二因素裂区试验设计,研究氮肥、密度及其互作对单粒精播花生根系形态、植株性状及产量的影响。氮肥对花生根长、根表面积、根体积、根干重的影响不显著,而密度的影响显著。单株根长、根表面积、根体积及根系干重随密度的增加而降低, D1显著高于D2和D3, D2、D3处理间差异不显著;单位面积根长、根表面积、根体积及根系干重随密度的增加而增加, D1显著低于D2和D3, D2、D3处理间差异不显著。氮肥和密度互作对2019年收获期单位面积根长、根表面积的影响显著,与D1相比, N1处理下D3的增幅显著高于N0和N2处理。氮肥及氮肥与密度互作对植株性状的影响存在年度和时期间的差异,主茎叶片数、侧枝数和主茎第一节间粗随密度增加有降低趋势。氮肥对荚果产量的影响不显著,荚果产量随密度的增加呈增加的趋势。产量与根体积、根干重、主茎叶片数、主茎高及侧枝长呈显著正相关。综上所述,在本试验条件下,花生单粒精播适宜的氮肥(N)水平为60 kg hm~(-2),种植密度为18.8万株hm~(-2)。  相似文献   

PF455S插秧机及其侧离合器手柄的探讨和改善     

张丽 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):56-57

PF455S插秧机的行走底盘与国产独轮驱动插秧机相比,水田机动性能和通过性较好,但也存在手柄安装夹紧不当等问题。介绍PF455S动力插秧机的系统组成、设计原理与主要参数,对发现的侧离器手柄问题进行改进,达到了设计目的。  相似文献   

化肥减氮及有机肥配施对水稻产量及土壤养分含量的影响     

解艳玲  贺萌萌  马玲芳  王娟  张骞  谢静波  陈萍 《现代农业科技》2023,(14)

本文旨在研究等磷、钾量条件下，化肥减氮及有机肥不同用量配施对水稻产量及土壤养分的影响，试验共设6个处理，分别为T1∶80%N+20%有机肥；T2∶80%N+40%有机肥；T3∶70%N+60%有机肥；T4∶70%N+80%有机肥；T5∶60%化肥+100%有机肥；CK：100%N+0，对水稻生育期株高、群体动态、产量、构产因子以及秋季土壤养分含量进行分析，结果表明：1化肥减氮20%时，不会对水稻造成明显减产，且当有机肥配施量为500kg·mu-2时，水稻籽粒产量最高，为775.19kg·mu-2，比CK增产17.20%；2有机肥的施用能提高水稻基本苗，对水稻穗长有显著提高效果，对空秕率影响较大，对枝梗数影响最小；3化肥减氮+有机肥配施可以提高土壤肥力，增加土壤有机质含量，提高土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量。  相似文献