光波长、刺激时长和性别结构对龟纹瓢虫趋光性的影响     

黄彤彤  李梦瑶  杨小凡  范凡  苑士涛  魏国树 《植物保护学报》2019,46(6):1270-1276

为揭示天敌昆虫趋光性中光源因子与虫源因子的作用,采用室内多向行为选择方法研究光波长、刺激时长和性别结构对龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica趋光性的影响。结果显示:在365～630 nm波长范围内,光波长对龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群的趋光性有显著影响,其对365 nm处紫外光的趋光率最高,为27.90%;对625～630 nm处红光的趋光率最低,为6.50%。在120 min范围内,光刺激时长对龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群的趋光性有显著影响,且该影响与光波长有关。利用紫外光刺激龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群5 min时的趋光率(41.07%)显著高于其它刺激时长处理,且其它处理之间均无显著差异。随着光刺激时长的增加,龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群对紫外光、蓝光短波长的趋光率降低,对红光和黑暗处理的趋光率增加。在紫外光、蓝光、绿光及橙光处理下性别结构对龟纹瓢虫有显著影响,雌性单性种群偏嗜紫外光和绿光;雄性单性种群偏嗜绿光和橙光;雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群偏嗜紫外光、蓝光和橙光。表明光波长是龟纹瓢虫趋光性的核心诱因,性别结构及光刺激时长具有重要的协同调控作用。  相似文献   

微量金属元素对甲烷菌激活作用的动力学研究   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

李亚新  杨建刚 《中国沼气》2000,18(2):8-11,16

本文以血清瓶为反应器,以醛酸钙为基质,通过厌氧批量试验从动力学和角度研究了微量金属元素Fe、Co、Ni对甲烷菌的激活作用。结果表明,加入微量金属元素Fe、Co、Ni能有效缩短厌氧消化反应时间,提高基质降解率和产气速率。  相似文献   

砷对水稻生长发育的影响及其原因   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

陈同斌  刘更另 《中国农业科学》1993,26(6):50-58

低浓度的砷对水稻生长发育有刺激作用,砷浓度较高时则会对水稻产生严重的毒害作用。砷的毒害作用不仅有十分明显的外观症状,而且还会使水稻的生长发育推迟。刺激作用的机理可能与砷合理地抑制植物呼吸、减少光合产物的无益消耗有关。砷的毒害作用所造成的水稻籽粒减产,是由于穗粒数、结实率、有效穗、千粒重四个产量构成因素受砷的毒害作用共同影响的结果。刚进入土壤系统时,As（Ⅲ）的毒性比As（Ⅴ）大;但随着时间的推移,它们在对土壤和植物系统的影响方面的差异会不断缩小。  相似文献   

空间诱变及其地面模拟诱变方法综述     

尚晨  李集临  张月学  徐香玲  韩微波  蒿若超  唐凤兰  刘杰淋 《黑龙江农业科学》2007,(6):98-101

介绍了空间环境和宇宙辐射;空间诱变条件、空间诱变因素及其诱变原理;地面模拟空间环境一粒子生物学诱变原理、弱地磁生物学诱变原理、微重力诱变原理;模拟空间资源与空间资源的比较;空间资源与模拟空间资源对植物育种的作用及长远影响.  相似文献   

寒冷刺激鸡膝关节软骨显微结构变化观察     

刘媛  赵驻军  王红芹  屈平  张志胜  黄宾  靳慧杰  李建磊 《河北农业大学学报》2008,31(2):93-95

以冰浴鸡为试材,研究在寒冷刺激条件下对其膝关节软骨显微结构变化的影响。将20只健康蛋鸡随机分为对照组与试验组,对照组正常饲喂,试验组在正常饲喂的情况下每天对其膝关节进行2 h冰浴,持续30 d。取其膝关节软骨进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明:试验组关节软骨结构与对照组具有明显的差异。对照组软骨基质中胶原纤维排列呈拱形结构和薄壳结构,软骨细胞则顺胶原纤维方向排列于其间,结构致密;试验组软骨出现明显的退行性改变,软骨表面波浪状结构低平,拱形结构消失,软骨表面断裂,有胶原纤维及软骨细胞裸露,结构变得明显疏松。  相似文献   

斑节对虾Toll9受体基因免疫功能的研究与表达分析     

刘倩  江世贵  邱丽华  黄建华  周发林  杨其彬  姜松  杨丽诗 《南方水产科学》2017,(5):63-71

Toll受体蛋白(Toll receptors)是一类重要的模式识别受体,在无脊椎动物先天性免疫系统中发挥重要作用。文章对斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)新型Toll9受体基因(Pm Toll9)进行了研究:以人源胚胎肾细胞(HEK293T)成功构建体外细胞免疫模型,通过免疫印迹方法证实Pm Toll9重组真核蛋白可在HEK293T中成功表达。双荧光素酶报告系统检测发现在200 ng转染浓度处Pm Toll9对NF-κB报告基因的激活效果显著。q RT-PCR数据证明PmToll9成功激活HEK293T细胞Toll-like receptor(TLR)信号通路,促进通路下游髓样分化因子(My D88)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素(IL-10)的上调表达,同时酶联免疫吸附测定结果证明Pm Toll9可促进TNF-α蛋白表达水平显著上调。斑节对虾体内细菌刺激实验结果显示无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)可激活Pm Toll9在肝胰腺、肠、淋巴和鳃中的表达,哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)可显著抑制Pm Toll9在肝胰腺中的表达。提示无乳链球菌可通过Pm Toll9激活Toll信号通路,引起机体免疫防御反应,而哈维氏弧菌对此过程具有一定的抑制作用。  相似文献   

中草药制剂对泌乳奶牛机体免疫性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈现伟 《中国奶牛》2010,(7):44-46

试验采用大青叶、大黄、党参等19味中草药分别组成内服和子宫灌注制剂治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎，并采集颈静脉血测定淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力，以观察中草药制剂对奶牛免疫性能的影响。结果显示，中草药制剂均可提高奶牛免疫力，内服中草药制剂应用效果优于子宫灌注制剂（P〈0．05）；复方制剂优于单味中草药制剂（P〈0．05）；复方中草药内服制剂可使淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力分别提高53．76％和4．58％（P〈0．01）；复方子宫灌注制剂可使淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力分别提高39．58％和1．98％（P〈0．01）。  相似文献   

Mating behavior and fertility of broiler breeder males reared on shortened growth cycles     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2012,21(2):272-278

  相似文献   

Inhibitory and promotive allelopathy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Yasutomo Takeuchi  Shun Kawaguchi†  Koichi Yoneyama 《Weed Biology and Management》2001,1(3):147-156

Studies on allelopathic rice, which inhibits the germination and development of weeds such as barnyardgrass ( Echinochloa spp.) and ducksalad [ Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Wild.], have been strongly conducted in the USA, the Philippines, Japan, Korea, and other countries since the 1980s. Weed-suppressing rice plants can compete with weeds for light and mineral nutrients by their rapid and thick growth characteristics, and probably also by their allelopathic effects. It was suggested that allelopathic properties were inherited from parents. Different screening methods for finding allelopathic rice simply and rapidly have been proposed. In contrast, stimulative allelopathy in rice, which promotes germination of the dormant and dormancy-awakened seeds of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) Kunth var. vaginalis , has been investigated by the authors since the 1990s. Rice seeds promoted the germination in the dark and in light under submerged conditions. Our experiments suggested that rice seeds, hulls, plants and straw contain stimulative substance(s) that promote seed germination of M. vaginalis .  相似文献   

Failure to induce mucosal disease in cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus by treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone     

B Larsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1988,29(1):1-8

Recent research has shown that cattle that develop mucosal disease (MD) often, if not always, have been persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) since birth. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether MD could be induced by immunosuppression of persistently BVDV-infected cattle. For that purpose, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was injected intramuscularly, twice daily for 5 consecutive days in 4 persistently BVDV-infected cattle and in 3 control cattle. Before the ACTH treatment, the numbers of leukocytes, neutrophils and mononuclear cells (MNC) per litre of blood in BVDV-infected cattle were in the same range as in the controls. Similarly, the proportions of B cells, T cells, monocytes and Fcγ⁺ cells (cells with receptor for the Fc part of IgG) were the same in the 2 groups of animals. On the other hand, the proliferative response to mitogen stimulation of MNC obtained from the control animals was twice as high as the corresponding value of the persistently BVDV-infected cattle.In all animals, ACTH treatment caused increased Cortisol concentrations, leukocytosis, neutrophilia and decreased mitogen-induced lymphocyte stimulation. However, the MNC count and the proportions of B cells, T cells, Fcγ⁺ cells and monocytes remained unaltered. In spite of the immunosuppression, indicated by the decrease in mitogen-induced lymphocyte stimulation. ACTH treatment did not provoke any clinical signs of MD in the persistently BVDV-infected cattle.  相似文献