农村金融与农村经济增长关系的实证分析——以河南省为例     

贺居涛 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》2014,(2):54-57

利用帕加诺模型,以河南省为例,分析农村金融与农村经济增长的关系。实证分析结果表明农村金融发展可以促进农业生产水平的提高,但是当前农村金融的发展对农村经济增长的拉动作用不明显。  相似文献   

不同精度的土壤数据对水质和水量模拟的影响     

李影  雷秋良  秦丽欢  朱阿兴  李晓虹  翟丽梅  王洪媛  武淑霞  闫铁柱  李文超  胡万里  任天志  刘宏斌 《中国农业科学》2020,53(16):3319-3332

【背景】模型模拟是研究面源污染的重要手段,建模过程中输入数据的质量是影响模型准确度的重要因素,其中土壤数据作为流域模型的重要输入数据之一,对模型的产流过程有重要的影响。然而,以往的研究多集中于土壤数据精度对水量和水文过程的影响,对水质的研究还比较欠缺。【目的】为丰富该领域建模的先验知识,为流域模型建立过程中的数据选择提供帮助。【方法】采用SWAT（soil & water assessment tool）模型,利用不同精度（1:5万、1:50万和1:100万）的土壤数据进行建模,对凤羽河流域的水量、泥沙、总氮和总磷含量进行了模拟。并采用SWAT-CUP软件进行参数的率定,得到基于3种不同土壤数据的最佳模拟结果。在此基础上,研究不同精度土壤数据对水文响应单元划分、模型参数、水质和水量模拟的影响。【结果】（1）土壤数据对水文响应单元（HRU,hydrologic response unit）的划分数量有明显影响,HRU划分数量的敏感性与划分阈值及土壤图详细程度有关;（2）进行参数率定后模型的表现效果有明显的提高,不同精度的土壤数据对于不同指标（流量、泥沙、总氮和总磷）的模拟效果存在差异,但并非土壤数据精度越高模拟效果越好;（3）随着子流域面积的增大,不同土壤数据提取的土壤属性的平均值趋于一致,且校准过程会对面积较小的子流域产生较大的影响。【结论】因此,在实际的模型模拟中应根据流域的大小和模拟的指标选择土壤数据的精度,同时在模型校准过程中要注意空间尺度的影响。  相似文献   

应用气提原油稳定工艺提高轻烃回收率   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈飞  燕继勇  李凤春 《油气储运》2001,20(4):36-39

对中原油田采油一厂文一联，文三联负压原油稳定装置存在的问题进行分析，利用ASPEN－PLUS软件对原油稳定塔内的平衡汽化，平衡冷凝过程进行模拟计算，确定量佳工艺参数，在此基础上对负压原油稳定装置进行了改造，介绍了履行后的气提原油稳定轻烃回收技术的作用的效益。  相似文献   

八种乔木滞尘效益及其与叶表面特征关系     

林星宇  李海梅  李彦华  姜月梅 《北方园艺》2019,(17):94-101

以青岛市城阳区道路绿地8种乔木为试验材料,采用洗脱法和质量差值法研究8种乔木的滞尘能力,采用扫描电子显微镜(JEOL7500F)、扫描探针显微镜(SPI3800-SPA-400,Seiko Instruments Inc.)和Image J观察叶表面结构并测定叶表面粗糙度、叶毛数量、气孔大小和气孔密度,分析了8种乔木的滞尘能力与叶表面特征的关系。结果表明:8种乔木的季节滞尘量总体上表现为秋季>春季>夏季。紫叶李、悬铃木和毛白杨单位叶面积滞尘量较大,洋白蜡、绦柳单位叶面积滞尘量较小,紫叶李的单位叶面积滞尘量最大,平均达到2.044 7 g·m^-2,最小的绦柳为0.574 7 g·m^-2,前者是后者的3.6倍左右。通过分析叶表面结构与滞尘量的关系得出,具明显网状结构、叶表面粗糙且具明显褶皱、叶表面具沟槽或绒毛,气孔较多且开口大等特征的植物滞尘能力较强。8种乔木叶片粗糙度、叶毛数量、气孔大小和气孔密度与单位叶面积滞尘量之间具有显著正相关关系,表明叶片粗糙度、气孔大小和气孔密度越大,叶毛数量越多,叶片滞尘量越大。  相似文献   

世界大麦生产的现状及特点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯宗云  袁金娥  罗小娇 《大麦科学》2013,(4):1-10

从收获面积、总产及单产的变化趋势分析了世界大麦生产的现状,概述了世界大麦在各大洲及各主产国的生产情况,总结了世界大麦生产的特点。  相似文献   

吉林省玉米杂交种商品品质概述     

苏桂华; 金明华; 苏义臣; 李文明; 王秀芬  刘阵库 《玉米科学》2006,14(5):170-172

通过对2004年吉林省市场上推广的134个品种的商品品质进行分析。结果表明,目前吉林省商业杂交种大多数容重都达到了国标二级标准,但晚熟品种整体水平较低。供试品种的子粒平均含水量37.1%。随着熟期的延长,含水量不断增高。  相似文献   

Effects of no‐take area size and age of marine protected areas on fisheries yields: a meta‐analytical approach     

Frederic Vandeperre  Ruth M. Higgins  Julio Sánchez‐Meca  Francesc Maynou  Raquel Goñi  Pablo Martín‐Sosa  Angel Pérez‐Ruzafa  Pedro Afonso  Iacopo Bertocci  Romain Crec’hriou  Giovanni D’Anna  Mark Dimech  Carmelo Dorta  Oscar Esparza  Jesús M. Falcón  Aitor Forcada  Ivan Guala  Laurence Le Direach  Concepción Marcos  Celia Ojeda‐Martínez  Carlo Pipitone  Patrick J. Schembri  Vanessa Stelzenmüller  Ben Stobart  Ricardo S. Santos 《Fish and Fisheries》2011,12(4):412-426

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are often promoted as tools for biodiversity conservation as well as for fisheries management. Despite increasing evidence of their usefulness, questions remain regarding the optimal design of MPAs, in particular concerning their function as fisheries management tools, for which empirical studies are still lacking. Using 28 data sets from seven MPAs in Southern Europe, we developed a meta‐analytical approach to investigate the effects of protection on adjacent fisheries and asking how these effects are influenced by MPA size and age. Southern European MPAs showed clear effects on the surrounding fisheries, on the ‘catch per unit effort’ (CPUE) of target species, but especially on the CPUE of the marketable catch. These effects depended on the time of protection and on the size of the no‐take area. CPUE of both target species and the marketable catch increased gradually by 2–4% per year over a long time period (at least 30 years). The influence of the size of the no‐take area appeared to be more complex. The catch rates of the entire fishery in and around the MPA were higher when the no‐take areas were smaller. Conversely, catch rates of selected fisheries that were expected to benefit most from protection increased when the no‐take area was larger. Our results emphasize the importance of MPA size on its export functions and suggest that an adequate, often extended, time frame be used for the management and the evaluation of effectiveness of MPAs.  相似文献   

Catch per unit effort standardization of the eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) fleet     

Brian C. Battaile  Terrance J. Quinn II   《Fisheries Research》2004,70(2-3):161-177

A general linear model (GLM) was used to standardize catch per unit effort (CPUE) data for Alaska walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) from the Bering Sea fleet for the years 1995–1999. Data were stratified temporally by year and season and spatially by area using either Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) or National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) reporting areas. Four factors were used: vessel identification (ID) number, vessel speed, percentage of pollock by weight in the haul (a measure of targeting), and whether most of the haul took place before or after sunset. At least 29 combinations of main effects, quadratic covariates, and interactions were tested for each year/area/season stratum. GLM models explained from 31 to 48% of the total sums of squares. Vessel identification number was included in all models and explained the most variability. Of the remaining factors, the square of the percentage of pollock in the haul was included in most models, following an F-test to determine parsimony. Analysis of the vessel identification number coefficients indicated that larger vessels tended to have higher CPUEs; and that this relationship differed between dedicated catcher vessels and offshore catcher processors. Coefficient estimates and response surfaces generally indicated increased CPUEs with the percentage of pollock in the haul and showed mixed results with vessel speed. The vessel identification number incorporated most vessel characteristics, leaving vessel speed primarily as a fitting variable with less biological meaning. The year/area/season stratification procedure was found to be necessary due to the unbalanced design, which otherwise would have factor levels with no data in a large combined model. In addition, the stratification procedure reduced the variability in CPUE substantially.  相似文献   

应用分层抽样技术估计北部湾底拖网渔业产量   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

莫苑敏  龚超  冯波  卢伙胜 《现代渔业信息》2014,(3):211-214

传统的按行政单元逐级上报的渔业产量调查方法在数据获取过程中受人为因素的干扰,而全面普查的方法受限于时间和经费,相比而言,抽样调查是一种科学合理的方法。本研究于2007年8月对北部湾底拖网产量进行了调查,以全体底拖网渔船为抽样总体,按功率段划分了抽样层次,按比例分配了抽样单元数,分别以生产渔船总数和总功率数推算总产量,并比较了这两种方法的方差。结果表明,用每kW平均产量估计总产量的变异系数为1.13%,用单船平均产量估计总产量的变异系数为14.65%。同时由于渔业抽样调查的难点在于总体船数的掌握,建议统计推断时,采用单位渔捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）推算总体渔获量。  相似文献   

大型轴流泵装置性能预测的研究     

张改兰  冯卫民  程茜  郑明  文吉运 《节水灌溉》2007,(6):24-27

以樊口泵站的工程实际为背景,运用CFD数值模拟技术和方法,以肘型进水流道,屈膝式出水流道及40CJ-95型轴流泵为具体对象,对泵装置整体进行全面系统的研究.在额定转速下,改变叶片安装角,分别模拟各种不同叶片安装角下的工况,预测水泵性能,并和实际特性曲线进行比较;分别改变转速和叶片安装角,针对模拟结果分析预测装置性能,与模型试验值进行对比.结果表明:用基于有限体积法的双方程紊流模型对泵装置整体进行数值仿真研究,是可行、有效的;并且通过与已有实验成果比较,得出模拟计算结果与试验值吻合较好,表明计算结果可信.  相似文献