盐胁迫对野生稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响     

刘玉兰  段开怀  李皖  张国印  孙堂玉  范文忠 《中国稻米》2017,(6):60-63

以3个野生稻品种(系)和常规稻品种吉粳301(CK)为试验材料,研究了不同NaCl浓度对野生稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫对野生稻和常规粳稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响不同,NaCl浓度≤0.3%时,盐胁迫对3个野生稻种子发芽及幼苗生长没有影响,但促进吉粳301种子发芽及幼苗生长;NaCl浓度≥0.5%时,随着NaCl浓度的增大,3个野生稻种子发芽率逐渐降低,幼苗的根长、苗长、根冠比逐渐变小;NaCl浓度与3个野生稻种子发芽率有一定的负相关性;NaCl对野生稻幼苗根的抑制作用强于对苗的作用;不同野生稻品种对NaCl溶液的耐受能力不同,从大到小依次为MY-3、延引红、HY-1。  相似文献   

Genetic divergence in two tropical maize composites after four cycles of reciprocal recurrent selection          下载免费PDF全文

Adesike O. Kolawole  Abebe Menkir  Melaku Gedil  Essie Blay  Kwadwo Ofori  Jennifer G. Kling 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(1):41-49

Two tropical maize composites were subjected to four cycles of reciprocal recurrent selection to develop divergent inbred lines with good combining ability. This study was conducted to examine the extent of genetic diversity, changes in allele composition and genetic structure, of 100 randomly selected S₁ lines each from the original (C₀) and advanced (C₄) selection cycles of TZL COMP3 and TZL COMP4, genotyped using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Results revealed that the proportion of alleles at both low and high frequencies decreased from C₀ to C₄, whereas those at intermediate frequencies increased at C₄ in the two composites. More unique and other alleles were lost at C₄ in TZL COMP3 relative to those in TZL COMP4. The changes in different measures of genetic diversity were either small or negligible with selection in the two composites. The proportion of markers departing from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) decreased with selection, whereas the total number of pairs of markers in linkage disequilibrium increased with selection in the two composites. Examination of changes in population structures using a model‐based approach as well as cluster and multivariate analyses found a high degree of concordance in stratifying the 400 S₁ lines into four non‐overlapping groups corresponding to the two selection cycles each within the reciprocal composites. The observed molecular‐based divergence between cycles within the same composite and the clear differentiation between the complementary composites highlight the importance of reciprocal recurrent selection for preserving genetic diversity for long‐term selection. This increases the potential of the advanced selection cycles to sustain genetic gain in productivity of hybrids adapted to the savannas in West and Central Africa.  相似文献   

Characterization and pathogenicity of six Cytospora strains causing stem canker of wild apple in the Tianshan Forest,China     

Xiaojie Liu  Xiaoshuang Li  Tohir A. Bozorov  Rong Ma  Jinbiao Ma  Yiheng Zhang  Honglan Yang  Li Li  Daoyuan Zhang 《Forest Pathology》2020,50(3)

Cytospora species are capable of causing destructive cankers of stems belonging to a wide range of woody plant species. In severe cases, cankers may lead to dieback of twigs and branches. Little is known about the Cytospora species causing canker disease of wild apple (Malus sieversii) trees in the Wild Fruit Forest Reserve in Tianshan Forest, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. In this study, six Cytospora isolates belonging to two species were isolated from cankerous lesions of wild apple twigs. Based on multi‐locus phylogenetic analysis using three DNA markers (ITS, tef1‐α and tub2) and morphological characterization, these isolates were identified as Cytospora mali and Cytospora parasitica. Temperature trials (15, 20, 25 and 30°C) showed that the optimal growth temperature for six isolates was 25°C. At a variety of temperatures, C. mali isolates tended to grow faster than isolates of C. parasitica, with the C. mali isolate, EGI1 performing better than others with regard to growth rate. Morphological observations showed that these species exhibited a single locule without conceptacles, and the conidia length was 3–5 μm. In vitro inoculation trials of twigs and leaves of M. sieversii seedlings revealed that the C. mali isolates were highly virulent phytopathogenic fungi, whereas the C. parasitica isolates were less virulent. The isolate EGI1 was the most virulent isolate among the six isolates. This paper presents the first report of pathogenic Cytospora spp. of the M. sieversii Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest Reserve of Yili, Xinjiang in China. It will aid in the understanding of how apple tree cankers are induced and provide disease management guidelines for M. sieversii forest conservation.  相似文献   

方城县野生木本植物资源调查分析     

孙利强  任广振  杨延基  王鹏飞 《林业调查规划》2020,45(2):92-96

采取实地调查、采集标本、影像资料、专家鉴定和分类统计等方法对方城县野生木本植物资源进行调查。结果表明:方城县共有野生木本植物60科137属236种,其中裸子植物4科6属7种,被子植物56科131属229种;优势科有蔷薇科等13个科,含66属145种,优势属有悬钩子属等13个属,含65种;野生木本植物中有乔木121种、灌木85种、藤本25种、竹类5种;国家重点保护、珍稀濒危和省级重点保护植物共有18种。  相似文献   

汉中市野生兰科植物资源现状及保护开发策略   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁海龙 《北方园艺》2011,(9):100-102

汉中市共分布野生兰科植物34属57种,分别占到陕西省的87.8%和68.3%,具有较高观赏价值的有兰属中的春兰和惠兰、独蒜兰属的独蒜兰,具有较高药用价值的有传统贵重中药天麻、白芨等。汉中市野生兰科植物总体资源量大、分布广,有着悠久的兰科植物栽培和开发利用历史,但近年来由于盗挖滥采现象较为严重,建议加强保护,建立野生兰科植物基因库,并加强人工栽培进行开发性的保护。  相似文献   

四川野生百合不同部位多酚与抗氧化活性的相关性     

张瑞军  张萍  雅蓉  葛蓓蕾  王云霞  靳磊 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,47(2):191-196

以四川省9个采集地的野生百合为材料,测定百合鳞茎、茎秆、叶片和花的多酚、总黄酮、总黄烷醇、花色苷含量,采用清除DPPH自由基能力、铜离子还原能力、金属离子螯合能力、抑制脂质过氧化物活性评价野生百合的抗氧化活性.结果表明:野生百合鳞茎、茎秆、花和叶片中多酚平均含量分别为3.64、5.96、11.40、13.47 mg/g...  相似文献   

毛乌素沙地野生观赏植物资源及开发利用研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

刘翠英 《西北林学院学报》2006,21(4):158-161

经野外调查和室内资料统计,毛乌素沙地野生观赏植物共有83科、170属、499种(含变种)。引种试验表明,一些野生观赏植物或形态各异,迎霜傲雪;或花色艳丽,五彩缤纷,具有较高观赏价值。尤其是耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄,抗风沙,适宜在毛乌素沙区自然条件下推广种植。本文对沙区可用于城镇绿化的蓝刺头Echinops latifolius、罗布麻Apocynum venetum16等种主要野生观赏植物进行了比较详细地论述,并提出了可行性利用与保护措施。  相似文献   

湖北省国家重点保护野生植物就地保护空缺研究     

徐鑫磊  葛继稳  王茜茜 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(7):3134-3136

在对湖北省自然保护区内的国家重点保护野生植物进行认真调查和复核的基础上,分析了其就地保护状况及空缺,并提出了保护建议和措施。结果表明,湖北省天然分布有国家重点保护野生植物51种,占全国总种数的18.55%;已就地保护了45种,占总种数的88.24%。提出了对部分物种加大保护力度、调整和新建部分自然保护区（点、小区）,以及将就地保护和迁地保护相结合等建议。  相似文献   

新疆野生杏花芽形态分化初步研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刁永强  廖康  许正  杨磊  耿文娟  皮里东 《新疆农业大学学报》2009,32(1):43-46

采用常规石蜡切片法对新疆伊犁地区野生杏花芽形态分化过程进行观察研究。结果表明,野生杏的花芽形态分化始于6月下旬,从开始花芽分化到雌蕊原基分化形成为止,整个分化时间约持续70d,以各部分的原基出现为划分标准可分为未分化期、分化始期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期及雌蕊原基分化期6个时期。6月22日以前处于未分化期,7月初进入分化初期,整个分化初期持续30d左右;萼片分化多数在7月中下旬进行;花瓣分化集中在8月初进行;雄蕊分化多在8月中下旬进行;9月初除8．3％的花芽处于雄蕊分化期,其余全部进入雌蕊原基分化期。各分化时期有交错重叠现象,从开始花芽分化到雌蕊原基分化形成,整个分化时期集中在7月上旬至9月上旬。  相似文献   

10个热带温带玉米群体产量性状遗传效应分析     

谭华  郑德波  黄爱花  陈国品  吴永升  黄开健 《广西农业科学》2007,38(6):589-593

以10个热带、温带玉米群体为材料,采用混合线性(AD)模型和MINQUE(1)法,对7个产量相关性状的遗传力、遗传方差分量比率、群体加性和显性遗传效应进行分析。结果表明:试验群体对籽粒产量的贡献为加性效应>显性效应,产量相关性状狭义遗传力为穗粗>百粒重>穗粒重>穗长>籽行数>行粒数>秃尖;加性效应最好的2个群体是豫综5号和墨黄1号;显性效应最强的4个组合为墨白962×豫综5号、新墨1号×WBM-C4、墨黄1号×SUWAN-1和墨白962×EP7;综合来看,豫综5号和墨黄1号是最具利用潜势的群体种质。  相似文献