Mapping agricultural responses to water supply shocks in large irrigation systems, southern India   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Trent W. Biggs  Pardhasaradhi Gangadhara Rao  Luna Bharati 《Agricultural Water Management》2010,97(6):924-2639

Irrigated agriculture experienced a water supply shock during a drought in southern India in 2002-2003. In this paper, hotspots of agricultural change were mapped and put in the context of hydrology and water management. Time series of MODIS imagery taken every eight days before (2001-2002) and during (2002-2003) the supply shock were combined with agricultural census data to document changes in cropping patterns in four large irrigation projects in the downstream sections of the Krishna and Godavari River basins (total command area 18,287 km²). The area cropped in rice in the four irrigated command areas decreased by 32% during the drought year, and rice production in the two districts that experienced the largest flow reductions fell below production levels of 1980. The irrigation project that showed the largest change in double cropped area (−90%) was upstream of the Krishna Delta. In the Krishna Delta, large areas changed from rice-rice to rice-gram double cropping. Historical water management contributed to the vulnerability of rice production to drought: the main reservoir in the system was drained to dead storage levels by the end of each growing season over 1968-2000, with little carryover storage. The land cover change maps suggested that the lower Krishna Basin has experienced a “hard landing” during basin closure, and revised management strategies that account for the new flow regime will be required to maintain agricultural production during droughts.  相似文献   

MODIS土地利用/覆被多时相多光谱决策树分类     

刘建光  李红  孙丹峰  张微微  周连第 《农业工程》2010,(10):312-318

利用MODIS多时相与多光谱结合,尝试探讨低成本、高精度的北京土地利用/覆被实时获取方法。首先根据归一化植被指数（NDVI）的均值、标准差建立了研究区各地类的典型NDVI时间序列曲线,进而提取了6个可以反映区域物候模式、植被生长速率等信息的分类参数;然后对反映地表土壤信息较多的3月份多光谱影像进行主成分变换,选取第一主成分（PC1）作为辅助分类参数;最后基于分类回归树（CART）算法进行监督决策树分类。经SPOT-5影像验证,分类总体精度达到83%,Kappa系数为0.769,PC1辅助分类后总体精度提高  相似文献   

近20年华北粮食主产区冬小麦种植面积遥感快速提取研究     

黄青  杜彦彦 《中国农业信息》2023,35(1):1-9

【目的 】基于遥感数据,研究快速提取华北粮食主产区近20年（2001—2020年）冬小麦种植面积的方法,生成准确的长时间序列冬小麦面积遥感产品,为政府决策机构和科研单位的工作提供数据支持。【方法 】文章基于经过滤波重构的MODIS植被指数产品,分析了研究区不同纬度下冬小麦在整个生长季中的时序特征,考虑到不同区域冬小麦物候差异,提出了一种关键生长季时序NDVI曲线匹配的方法,在无样本的条件下,快速提取冬小麦面积。通过使用统计年鉴进行面积验证,并结合目视解译的样本和高分辨率数据哨兵2号提取的结果,计算混淆矩阵并进行精度评价。【结果 】与2001—2018年的统计年鉴数据对比,平均相对误差为16.1%;与目视解译和哨兵2号分类结果中的6 459个采样点的精度评价相比,总体精度达到87.4%,kappa系数为0.61。【结论 】根据冬小麦的物候特征,通过提取NDVI的时序特征并采用时序NDVI曲线匹配算法,可以快速准确地提取华北粮食主产区冬小麦的种植面积和分布情况。  相似文献   

Integrating space and time: a case for phenological context in grazing studies and management     

Dawn M. BROWNING  Sheri SPIEGAL  Richard E. ESTELL  Andres F. CIBILS  Raul H. PEINETTI 《农业科学与工程前沿(英文版)》2018,5(1):44

In water-limited landscapes, patterns in primary production are highly variable across space and time. Livestock grazing is a common agricultural practice worldwide and a concern is localized overuse of specific pasture resources that can exacerbate grass losses and soil erosion. On a research ranch in New Mexico with average annual rainfall of 217 mm, we demonstrate with a quantitative approach that annual seasons vary greatly and examine foraging patterns in Angus-Hereford (Bos taurus) cows. We define five seasonal stages based on MODIS NDVI: pre-greenup, greenup, peak green, drydown and dormant, and examine livestock movements in 2008. Daily distance traveled by cows was greater and foraging area expanded during periods with higher precipitation. A regression model including minimum NDVI, rainfall and their interaction explained 81% of the seasonal variation in distance traveled by cows (P<0.01). Cows explored about 81 ha·d⁻¹ while foraging, but tended to explore smaller areas as the pasture became greener (greenup and peak green stages). Cows foraged an average of 9.7 h daily and spent more time foraging with more concentrated search patterns as pastures became greener. Our findings suggest that phenological context can expand the capacity to compare and integrate findings, and facilitate meta-analyses of grazing studies conducted at different locations and times of year.  相似文献   

Impact of short‐term climate effects and sea ice coverage variation on Japanese scallop aquaculture in Saroma Lake,Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Liu  Sei–Ichi Saitoh  Kimihiko Maekawa  Kan‐Ichiro Mochizuki  Yongjun Tian 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(5):1752-1767

Saroma Lake is the southernmost lagoon exhibiting seasonal sea ice coverage in the Northern hemisphere and one of the most important aquaculture areas for Japanese scallops (Mizuhopecten yessoensis). Under conditions of adequate food and appropriate temperature, scallops grow well from the time of ice melting in April to harvesting starting in July. However, over the past decade, Saroma Lake frequently has not been completely covered by ice in winter, and the production of Japanese scallops has shown significant changes. Therefore, this study integrated data from satellite remote sensing, buoys, and in situ observations with climatic events [the winter East Asian Monsoon (EAM) and El Niño/La Niña–Southern Oscillation events] to investigate the impact of ice coverage variations on scallop growth in Saroma Lake between 2007 and 2015. Daily ice conditions were detected using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer false colour images and an unsupervised classification method. The results indicated that EAM strongly influenced the ice coverage variation in Saroma Lake through their effects on temperature during winter. Ice coverage variations show a strong correlation with water temperature and spring phytoplankton blooms, which are the two most important environmental factors for scallop growth. In addition, extreme climate events could cause water temperature anomalies (as in 2015) which are unfavourable for scallop growth. Monitoring ice conditions should be considered when developing plans and management strategies for scallop aquaculture in Saroma Lake.  相似文献   

基于MODIS数据的山东省农作物旱情遥感监测报告     

隋学艳  梁守真  王素娟  侯学会  张晓冬 《农业科学与技术》2016,(8):1912-1916

干旱胁迫能影响作物生长发育,给农业生产带来巨大危害.为了及时准确地掌握农作物旱情,本研究以山东省夏季农作物为研究对象,采用高等时间分辨率MODIS影像,建立了普适性较高的归一化差值植被指数,并通过观测分析其时间与空间维的变化情况判断农作物长势及旱情,从而建立了一种简便、高效的利用遥感技术监测旱情的方法.该方法适用于营养生长阶段的农作物,原理简单,操作方便,易于进行技术推广.  相似文献   

Maternal salinity environment affects salt tolerance during germination in Anabasis setifera: A facultative desert halophyte     

Ali EL-KEBLAWY  Sanjay GAIROLA  Arvind BHATT 《干旱区科学》2016,8(2):254-263

The effects of maternal salinity and light incubation on the salinity tolerance of the facultative halophyte Anabasis setifera during their germination stages were assessed. Seeds were collected from non-saline habitats in Egypt and saline habitats in the United Arab Emirates(UAE). The seeds of the two populations were germinated in 0, 100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 m M Na Cl, and incubated at 25°C/15°C in both 12-h light and 12-h darkness regimes and continuous darkness. Significantly more seeds germinated in the Egyptian population than in the UAE population. Salinity tolerance was significantly greater with the Egyptian population than with the UAE population, especially under the conditions of higher salinities. The difference in salinity tolerance between the seeds of two populations was attributed to their seed mass. In addition, germination was significantly faster for the Egyptian population than for the UAE population. Most of the saline treated seeds were able to recover their germination when transferred to distilled water, but this depended on their maternal salinity and light incubation. Recovery from higher salinities was significantly better for the seeds under darkness than for those under light in the UAE population, but the reverse was true for the seeds in the Egyptian population. The higher salinity tolerance for the A. setifera seeds from the non-saline Egyptian population and the lower salinity tolerance for the seeds from the saline UAE population cannot explain their natural distribution. Further studies about other possible roles, such as levels of different promoting and inhibiting phytohormones, are needed to understand the importance of salinity as an environmentally induced maternal effect.  相似文献   

遥感干旱监测模型研究及在湖南夏季高温干旱中的应用     

蒋元才  蒋元华 《中国农学通报》2016,32(35):178-183

利用MODIS数据的增强型植被指数和陆地表面温度数据,反演得到湖南省逐月的改进型增强植被指数和温度状态指数,并与临近气象台站的综合气象干旱指数进行相关性分析,选取适宜的权重因子建立干旱状态指数(DCI)遥感干旱监测模型,并对其划分了遥感干旱等级。将此模型应用到2013 年6—9 月湖南旱情的监测中,该模型能较好地反映全省旱情的时空演变特征以及旱情的演变情况。该模型一定程度上削弱了云层的影响,在湿润的南方地区的农作物长势监测、作物估产和灾损评估等方面具有重要的应用前景。  相似文献   

2000-2012年陕西省复种指数时空分布及潜力分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张晗  任志远  韦振锋 《干旱区研究》2015,32(3):492-498

利用MODIS数据,经过去云和Savitzky-Golay平滑处理,根据农作物生长曲线变化特征剔除干扰峰,结合陕西省土地利用数据、统计数据和气象数据,运用地统计趋势分析、年际变化分析和标准差的方法,获取陕西省2000-2012年复种指数时空分布及潜力分布.结果表明:陕西省复种指数地域差异显著,由北向南先增后减,呈现一定的纬度特征.复种指数年际变化也存在地域差异,与地貌类型和农业现代化水平密切相关.陕西省平均复种指数为160.32％,平均复种潜力为184.29％,陕南地区可挖掘潜力最大,其次是陕北地区和关中地区.研究结果可为陕西省农业政策制定及粮食估产提供依据.  相似文献   

基于MODIS数据的山东省森林植被与水汽相关分析研究     

冯海霞  姜岳忠  许景伟  葛忠强 《山东林业科技》2009,39(3):20-23,36

以山东省森林为研究对象,利用MODIS的大气水汽产品、山东森林分布图等对大气水汽与森林植被的关系进行了研究,结果表明：水汽的变化很快,有明显的运动、传输过程;水汽含量的分布与当时的风速、风向、天气状况、地形等有着密切的联系;下午各地水汽含量差异不明显,夜间各地水汽含量比白天低;林区分布的对大气水汽含量的日变化影响不显著,下午森林对大气水汽的调节作用比较强。  相似文献