金属过敏研究进展     

李娜  巩江  高昂  陈巧利  贾旭  王明  路锋  倪士银  倪士峰 《宁夏农林科技》2011,52(4):63-64,89

在广泛的文献检索基础上,对常见金属的致敏机理、检测与治疗技术进行了综述,为临床医学研究和全民保健提供参考。  相似文献   

Ant species richness and evenness increase along a metal pollution gradient in the Bolesław zinc smelter area     

Irena M. Grze 《Pedobiologia》2009,53(1):65-73

Ants are considered to be relatively resistant to metal pollution, but the effect of metal toxicity on ant communities is poorly understood. This work examined the relationship between ant species diversity and heavy metal pollution at 16 meadow and forest sites along a metal contamination gradient in a mining and smelting region near Olkusz, Poland. Menhinick's index was used to estimate species richness. Pielou's index of evenness (J), Simpson's index of diversity (D) and the slopes of rank-abundance curves were used to estimate of species evenness. Regardless of species composition differences between forest and meadow, the increase in species diversity with increasing metal pollution was very clear in both ecosystems. The more polluted the site, the more species were detected and the more similar in relative abundance they were. Consequently, the extent to which one or a few species dominated a community decreased. This result can be explained by indirect effects of metal pollution, that is, changes in species interactions rather than by changes in abiotic conditions.  相似文献   

社区肾移植患者心理健康状况调查与护理     

田洪 《长江大学学报》2009,6(1)

目的：探讨社区肾移植术后患者的心理卫生状况,为社区护士实施心理护理提供依据。方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）,对5所医院成功肾移植后进入社区的60位患者进行心理健康状况调查。结果：社区肾移植术后患者的心理健康状况较差,但文化程度高的患者心理健康状况相对优于文化程度低的患者,治病医疗费用为保险者相对优于半公费半自费和自费者。结论：社区肾移植患者心理健康状况差的原因主要为疾病长期折磨、沉重的经济负担、社会及家庭角色的改变等。护理错施着重在建立良好的社会支持、加强健康教育、引导患者积极的心理调节等方面。  相似文献   

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定酸枣仁中金属元素的含量   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

董顺福  韩丽琴  赵文秀  刘建华  董宏博 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(20):9328-9329

[目的]探讨酸枣仁中金属元素与药物药效关系。[方法]以酸枣仁为试材,对样品进行硝化处理,采用火焰原子吸收分光光度计分别测定各标准系列工作液,绘制标准曲线,采用火焰原子分光光度法测定样品溶液中Cr、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni的含量,将样品稀释10倍后测定K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe的含量,加10％的La（NO3）3抗干扰以测定K、Na、Ca、Mg的含量。[结果]酸枣仁中含有丰富的金属元素,Mg、Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn元素含量高于其他中草药。采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定酸枣仁的金属元素具有准确度高、操作方便、稳定性好、重现性好的特点,回收率为97．33％-103．15％,能满足中药微量元素检测的需要,可用于同一样品分析多种元素。[结论]该研究为进一步开发和利用中药酸枣仁提供科学依据。  相似文献   

我国科研院所研究生培养与科技创新   总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1  

巩文红  仇贵生  李建军 《农业科技管理》2009,28(2):89-92

研究生培养与科技创新相结合是提高研究生培养质量与科技创新水平的关键。文章通过对我国科研院所在研究生培养方面的优势和特点的分析,结合科研院所在研究生科技创新能力培养方面的不足,从导师队伍建设、研究生培养环节、学术氛围、研究平台以及激励机制等五个方面探讨了加强科研院所研究生创新能力培养的途径,为提高我国科研院所研究生培养水平提供参考。  相似文献   

重金属污染土壤的植物修复技术     

赵冰 《广东园林》2008,30(6):79-79

文章介绍了植物提取、植物挥发和植物钝化三种重金属污染土壤的植物修复技术的研究动态。  相似文献   

康乃馨花茶中8种金属元素含量分析     

赵西梅  肖忠峰  孙志伟  李锐  江良洪  刘京涛 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(17):7297-7298

[目的]为康乃馨花茶的开发及明确其营养价值提供科学依据。[方法]以选自滨州药店和超市的康乃馨为试材,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)对康乃馨花茶中K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn8种金属元素进行分析。[结果]康乃馨花茶中含有较丰富的K、Ca、Na、Fe、Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn等金属元素,最丰富的是K含量,达21.6585mg/g,其次是Ca和Mg含量,分别是3.9631和1.6741mg/g,还含有Na、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn等对人体有益的元素。8种金属元素含量大小顺序是K>Ca>Mg>Na>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu。[结论]康乃馨花茶具有较高的开发利用价值。  相似文献   

金属离子对4PCA饲料酶中木聚糖酶活性的影响     

张红艳  岳淑宁  张强  马齐  李文孝  胡云红 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(32)

[目的]为酶制剂的稳定性研究及其在饲料工业中的应用提供依据。[方法]选取K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Cu2+和Fe2+8种金属离子,浓度设计为1×10-4、1×10-3、1×10-2mol/L,研究金属离子对4PCA饲料复合酶中木聚糖酶活性的影响。[结果]浓度为1×10-4mol/L时,8种金属离子对木聚糖酶活性无明显影响。浓度为1×10-3mol/L时,Cu2+使木聚糖酶活增至125.8%,Mn2+使木聚糖酶活降至54.5%。浓度为1×10-2mol/L时,Zn2+使木聚糖酶活增至121.5%,Mn2+、Cu2+、Fe2+分别使木聚糖酶活降至40.6%、67.7%、88.9%。[结论]K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+对木聚糖酶活性无特别影响,Zn2+有激活作用,Mn2+、Fe2+有抑制作用,Cu2+随着浓度的增加有先激活后抑制作用,3种离子的抑制作用由大到小依次为:Mn2+>Cu2+>Fe2+。  相似文献   

Participatory research on the effectiveness of drainage in the Red River Delta,Vietnam     

H. P. Ritzema  Le Dinh Thinh  Le Quang Anh  Dang Ngoc Hanh  Nguyen Viet Chien  Trinh Ngoc Lan  R. A. L. Kselik  Bui Thi Kim 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2008,22(1):19-34

The irrigation and drainage systems in the Red River Delta in Vietnam were designed and constructed in the 1950s and 60s. These systems are well established and provide water to virtually all of the irrigable land in the Delta. The land is cropped intensively: on average just over two crops a year. The irrigation and drainage systems are complex: dual purpose channels and pumping stations are used. In the 1990s, the systems were rehabilitated and upgraded. A review showed that irrigation projects performed reasonably well, but the two core drainage projects performed less than anticipated. In the Red River Delta, with its low elevations, drainage rather than irrigation is often the limiting factor affecting agricultural production. To investigate these constraints in more detail, a participatory research study on the effectiveness of drainage was conducted in two drainage areas in the Red River Delta. The study started with a participatory pre-investigation to identify and quantify the constraints in the functioning of the drainage systems. Next, the drainage system was modelled and computer simulations were used to develop conceptual designs to improve the functioning of the systems. Finally, recommendations to improve the institutional capacity of the drainage system management were formulated, again in close cooperation with the stakeholders. These recommendations cover a whole range of technical issues: small-scale improvements in the farmers’ fields, modifications in the main and secondary drainage systems, including the control structures, up to recommendations to increase the efficiency of the pumping stations. Next to these technical innovations, recommendations to reform the complex institutional setting have been formulated.  相似文献   

土壤重金属污染及修复方法研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

郑小东  荣湘民  罗尊长  黄海涛  张海鹏 《农学学报》2011,(10)

为了解土壤重金属污染现状、各种修复方法的研究动态以及未来重金属的研究方向,综述了土壤重金属的主要形态、污染程度评价指标、循环机制、离子间相互效应、修复方法等,并对今后的研究方向进行展望,为其他研究者提供参考。关于土壤重金属的基础性研究还有待于进一步地深入和发展,特别是重金属的循环机制;重金属修复以植物和微生物修复为主体,其他修复方法并用将是趋势。  相似文献