Evaluation of surface smoothness by a laser displacement sensor II: comparison of lateral effect photodiode and multielement array     

Jakub?SandakEmail author  Chiaki?Tanaka  Tadashi?Ohtani 《Journal of Wood Science》2004,50(1):22-27

Development of accurate surface assessment technology is of vital interest to modern wood industries. In this experiment we investigated new and fast noncontacting sensors to determine their usefulness for wood surface evaluation and to verify their accuracy. Two types of laser displacement sensors [equipped with a position sensitive detector (PSD) and a charge coupled device (CCD) detector] are compared with a conventional stylus and with theoretical profiles. Hornbeam workpieces with triangular profiles of differing slope and height were used for the evaluation. The results show that resolution of both sensors decreases as the height of the profile decreases. The error ratio of the laser-scanned profiles changes as a function of profile height, in the range 5%–33%. The CCD method is superior for accurate surface roughness evaluation, although the PSD approach can still be used for monitoring the error of form in most applications.Parts of this work were presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April 2000 and at the 51st Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 2001  相似文献   

林区公路小桥涵位置与型式的选择     

王克祥  路遂木 《森林工程》1999,15(3):48-49

本文主要介绍林区公路小桥涵位置确定的原则、步骤及位置的测量;小桥涵型式选择的决定因素。  相似文献   

不同架式温室葡萄冠位叶片及叶绿体结构的变化     

杨晓盆  翟秋喜  张国强  王跃进 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(3)

【目的】研究温室葡萄不同受光架式和冠位叶片组织结构及其叶绿体超微结构的变化,为温室葡萄栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以温室的棚架、单篱架、双篱架葡萄为试材,分别采用光学显微和电子显微镜技术观测不同架式和冠位叶片的显微结构和叶绿体的超微结构。【结果】温室葡萄棚架受光优于篱架,篱架下部叶片受光极差,阴天对篱架受光的影响比棚架大,对下部影响比上部大;温室葡萄叶片的总厚、栅栏组织厚、组织密度CTR值及栅栏海绵组织比值等光合组织结构有所退化,但不同受光架式间和冠位间有差异。棚架的叶片质量均匀,光合组织发达,篱架的下部叶片结构严重退化;叶片总厚、栅栏组织厚与光照强度呈显著正相关;葡萄棚架叶片和篱架上部叶片的叶绿体数、基粒数、基粒片层数明显高于篱架下部的叶片。【结论】温室葡萄采取棚架栽培时整体叶片的叶绿体发育正常,而篱架下部叶片因长期弱光胁迫导致叶绿体结构发生异常变化。  相似文献   

玉米产量性状“一致性QTL”分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王晓丽  翁建峰  吕香玲  王振华  李新海 《分子植物育种》2011,(5):579-584

在构建含221个玉米产量性状QTL整合图谱的基础上,采用元分析方法,当LOD值≥4.0时,在第2染色体上确定了1个控制粒重和穗数的“一致性QTL”,介于标记Sdg107和Isu2117b之间,间距30.99 cM;同样,在第3和第4染色体上发掘了2个控制穗数和粒重的“一致性QTL”,分别由标记ucsd72d和IDP37...  相似文献   

卖空约束下动量策略在牛市中的盈利性分析     

杨宏林  崔晨  陈帅 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,(2):40-44

众多实证研究发现,通过持有赢者组合多头和输者组合空头的动量套利策略可以获取显著的超额收益。考虑到我国A股市场卖空约束,选取沪深300样本股和中小板股票设置不同的对照组和投资期限,采用假设检验方法分析了2005年股改以来两次牛市行情中单一赢者组合及输者组合多头策略的盈利性特征,并检验了A股市场中是否存在动量套利交易的盈利模式。实证显示,即使不考虑交易成本,两种多头策略也都很难有显著的高于样本总体的收益率。  相似文献   

The importance of low host densities for successful parasitism of diederik cuckoos on red bishop birds     

J.W.H. Ferguson 《African Zoology》2013,48(1):70-73

Parasitism by diederik cuckoos Chrysococcyx caprius on their main southern African host, the red bishop bird Euplectes orix, was studied. Virtually all the cases of parasitism occurred where there were low densities of red bishop nests. Data from the present study were combined with published observations to show that the incidence of parasitism is much higher in small breeding colonies of red bishops than in large colonies. Aggression of red bishops towards diederiks is described. I suggest that diederik cuckoos cannot approach red bishop nests undetected where large concentrations of red bishops are found. High levels of brood failure in small red bishop colonies caused by brood parasitism may constitute a selective force for colonial breeding in this host species.  相似文献   

种植密度对不同玉米品种产量及籽粒灌浆的影响   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

王晓燕  张洪生  盖伟玲  段梅堂  姜雯 《山东农业科学》2011,(4):36-38

为了探明种植密度对玉米产量及其构成的影响,在大田条件下,以高产玉米品种郑单958、登海3719、金海5号为试验材料,研究了低密度（52 500株/hm2）、中密度（75 000株/hm2）和高密度（97 500株/hm2）对玉米籽粒灌浆和产量的影响以及品种间的差异。结果表明：种植密度对各粒位籽粒灌浆影响显著,各品种受密度影响趋势一致,以穗上位籽粒受密度影响最大,而金海5号各部位籽粒灌浆均受密度影响较小。各品种产量受种植密度影响显著,金海5号产量随密度增加而提高,而登海3719和郑单958产量均在中密度下达到最高,高密度下显著下降。金海5号产量在各密度下均高于其它两品种。  相似文献   

VR技术在拖拉机零配件设计中的应用     

刘文娟 《农机化研究》2019,(10):264-268

为进一步提升拖拉机零配件的设计与改进效率,将VR技术应用于设计。在虚拟现实核心理念的基础上,选取通用拖拉机关键零配件进行参数设计,将数学模型与物理模型相结合,对整机的传动系统、执行部件进行建模,并通过VR装配调控技术,形成路径规划与装配流程搭建仿真试验平台。试验表明:在VR场景设置下的拖拉机零配件机械设计与装配整体效果良好,设计可视度较实体建模与装配改善效果可提升9. 1%,零配件位姿调控时间提升至0. 52s,调控精准,且大幅度节省设计与装配时间;同时,零件的装配约束度可达到93. 7%,满足设计要求,装配精度可达90%以上。此设计应用可为其他机具改进优化提供理论支撑,具有较强的应用价值。  相似文献   

Real-time automatic lameness detection based on back posture extraction in dairy cattle: Shape analysis of cow with image processing techniques   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A. Poursaberi  A. Van Nuffel  D. Berckmans 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2010,74(1):110-119

In this paper results on utilizing image analysis techniques towards early lameness detection in dairy cattle are presented. Data from two different dairy farms in Belgium were gathered. Preprocessing on raw data is required because of non-predictable behaviours of cows such as stopping for a while in front of the camera or non-uniform walking behaviour during experiments. Prelocalization of cow in each frame has been done based on two steps separation: (1) A coarse estimation of moving objects was obtained through background subtraction, (2) second statistical analysis of intensities in gray-scale image along with binarization was utilized to detect moving object in video. A common problem in on-farm collected videos is the similarity of the background and the cow's body colour since the use of classic algorithms for segmentation purposes does not work. Here a hierarchy background/foreground exaggeration is proposed to segment the cow in each frame and track it in video. The combination of logarithm and exponential, background subtraction as well as statistical filtering are used to find the accurate shape of the cow. Furthermore, the back posture of each cow during standing and walking was extracted automatically. It was done by detecting the arc of back posture and fitting a circle through selected points on the spine line. The average inverse radius of four frames displaying the hind hoofs in contact with the ground (two frames for each hoof in a row) was assigned to the cow. Based on this curvature value, a score representing the status of lameness in the individual cow was given automatically. Experimental results from two different databases show promising results in automatic lameness detection based on back posture information.  相似文献   

基于改进Faster R-CNN识别深度视频图像哺乳母猪姿态   总被引：13，自引：11，他引：2  

薛月菊  朱勋沐  郑婵  毛亮  杨阿庆  涂淑琴  黄宁  杨晓帆  陈鹏飞  张南峰 《农业工程学报》2018,34(9):189-196

猪舍场景下,昼夜交替光线变化、热灯光照影响,及仔猪与母猪的粘连等因素,给全天候哺乳母猪姿态自动识别带来很大困难。该文以深度视频图像为数据源,提出基于改进Faster R-CNN的哺乳母猪姿态识别算法。将残差结构引入ZF网络,设计ZF-D2R网络,以提高识别精度并保持实时性;将Center Loss监督信号引入Faster R-CNN训练中,以增强类内特征的内聚性,提升识别精度。对28栏猪的视频图像抽取站立、坐立、俯卧、腹卧和侧卧5类姿态共计7 541张图像作为训练集,另取5类姿态的5 000张图像作为测试集。该文提出的改进模型在测试集上对哺乳母猪的站立、坐立、俯卧、腹卧和侧卧5类姿态的识别平均准确率分别达到96.73%、94.62%、86.28%、89.57%和99.04%,5类姿态的平均准确率均值达到93.25%。在识别精度上,比ZF网络和层数更深的VGG16网络的平均准确率均值分别提高了3.86和1.24个百分点。识别速度为0.058 s/帧,比VGG16网络速度提高了0.034 s。该文方法在提高识别精度的同时保证了实时性,可为全天候母猪行为识别提供技术参考。  相似文献