Establishment of a crop evapotranspiration calculation model and its validation     

Yunfei Tuo  Qian Wang  Lijuan Zhang  Fangyuan Shen  Fei Wang  Yang Zheng  Zhaoyi Wang 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2023,209(2):251-260

In order to contribute knowledge on the method used to calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration, soil, crop, atmosphere, and water spatial structure were integrated into a complete system. Based on the energy balance equation and aerodynamic equation, the meteorological data was reduced and the crop physiological parameter was increased, then the crop evapotranspiration calculation model under natural conditions was derived. The crop evapotranspiration calculation model was verified by the water balance formula using data generated from corn, potato, and flue-cured tobacco grown under field conditions for three consecutive years from 2017 to 2019. The results showed that: from 2017 to 2019, the average root mean square error for measured and calculated evapotranspiration of corn, potato, and flue-cured tobacco at different growth times were 0.5948, 0.4753, and 0.3326, respectively, the mean deviation, mean absolute error, and mean relative error were small, and the coefficient of determination and consistency index were both greater than 0.9100. The measured and calculated crop evapotranspiration of the selected crops increased at first and then decreased gradually as the crops matured, and finally decreased to harvest evapotranspiration, showing a parabolic trend. The crop evapotranspiration calculation model not only reflects the actual evapotranspiration of crops at different growth time but also reflects the change law of actual crop evapotranspiration. The model does not need the correction of soil moisture content, irrigation method, and crop coefficient and can directly calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration. It has the characteristics of consistency between the calculated value and the measured value, strong applicability, simple calculation process, and high accuracy and has the best effect on monitoring soil moisture and crop water shortage sensitivity. The model is significance in that it guides for monitoring soil moisture, determining actual crop evapotranspiration, crop water shortage index, and high yield and efficiency under water-saving conditions.  相似文献   

生物质炭添加对生菜Cd积累的影响     

滕柄钦  马倩倩  武均  段雪娇  毕冬梅  蔡立群 《中国农学通报》2023,39(6):90-96

为探究添加生物质炭对Cd胁迫下生菜Cd吸收累积的影响,以生菜为试验材料,通过盆栽试验,在添加外源镉含量为3 mg/kg的土壤中分别添加0%、1%、2%、3%的生物质炭,待生菜收获后,测得土壤pH、有机碳、生菜产量、生菜体内Cd富集和转运情况及Cd在土壤中的赋存形态的数据。结果表明：添加生物质炭可以显著提高土壤有机碳含量(P≤0.05),其中生物质炭添加量为3%,相比CK组土壤有机碳增加了35.14%～40.87%;添加生物质炭可以显著降低生菜Cd含量,尤其是3%量的生物质炭添加后,生菜叶Cd含量由0.79 mg/kg降低至0.44 mg/kg。生物质炭可以显著降低生菜中Cd的富集、转运系数,并使残渣态Cd含量增多,酸可提取态、可还原态、可氧化态Cd含量显著降低。因此,生物质炭的施用对Cd污染土壤和生菜体内Cd的积累有显著的阻控作用,特别是生物质炭添加量为3%时效果最优。  相似文献   

牛妊娠相关糖蛋白6快速检测试纸条的制备及应用     

李志明  许海涛  高玉平  蔡德霖  王相国  肖龙菲  安红  王颖秋  王骞  郭勇  齐晓龙  倪和民 《中国农学通报》2023,39(2):75-81

奶牛妊娠的早期诊断至关重要,妊娠相关糖蛋白6(PAG6)是母体胎盘组织分泌至外周循环中的特异蛋白质,因此,本研究致力于制备牛妊娠相关糖蛋白6快速检测试纸条。制备牛妊娠相关糖蛋白6多克隆抗体,将其稀释后加样至NC膜上,通过固定和封闭制备出一种可检测boPAG6的快速检测试纸条,在试纸条上加入待检血清进行孵育后洗涤,再加入二抗孵育后洗涤,最后加入显色液显色后进行快速检测。标准化快速检测试纸条是将抗体用PBS稀释成10μg/mL点样至NC膜上,在37℃温箱中固定抗体30 min,经5%的脱脂奶粉封闭后制成。待检血清滴加至试纸条后,在37℃温箱中孵育1 h后,进行洗涤和二抗孵育,最后在DAB显色试剂盒作用下显色3 min即可判定。临床检测的初步应用表明,在未孕与怀孕奶牛的混合血清中仍然可以判定是否怀孕,快速检测试纸条特异性强;血清在稀释3200倍的最低检测限时,快速检测试纸条的敏感性良好;而且该结果与ELISA的符合率在80%之上。试验重复性良好,并能在4℃和-20℃条件下保存2周。建立了一种奶牛早期妊娠诊断的快速检测试纸条并应用于初步的妊娠诊断。  相似文献   

浅谈海南地方文献数字化建设 --兼谈我馆地方文献工作     

傅白云 《农业图书情报学刊》2005,17(5):28-30

本文探讨了海南地方文献数字化的背景并着重论述了海南地方文献全文数字化的可行性。  相似文献   

盾构掘进机模拟试验台液压系统集成及试验分析   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

胡国良  龚国芳  杨华勇  邢彤 《农业机械学报》2005,36(12):102-105

针对盾构掘进机模拟试验台的设计要求,采用电液比例控制技术设计制造了盾构掘进机液压系统,包括推进液压系统,螺旋输送机液压系统以及刀盘驱动液压系统.最后对其进行了试验分析.试验结果表明所设计的液压系统可以满足盾构掘进机在各地层中模拟掘进的要求.通过实时调节控制推进速度、螺旋输送机转速以及刀盘转速,可以控制正面土压力在设定范围内,从而有效减少地表变形.  相似文献   

高海拔夏秋胡萝卜引种栽培试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛国军  杨开勇  张定华  熊元军  高登荣 《山地农业生物学报》2005,24(5):453-456

胡萝卜是喜凉蔬菜,沿海及长江中下游地区夏秋种植病虫害十分严重,农药残留易超标,市场前景不乐观,且栽培技术难度大.而贵州省大方县是高海拔山区,夏秋气候温凉,且土壤、大气和水质几乎未受污染,非常适宜种植夏秋淡季胡萝卜.  相似文献   

基于Android系统的植保无人机监控软件设计     

遆佳  李霁 《农机化研究》2022,44(2):245-248

以Android为系统开发平台,设计一种植保无人机监控系统,可实现植保无人机飞行过程的移动控制.通过对植保无人机监控系统功能模块进行设计,并从Android基础理论出发,进行植保无人机控制系统软件设计,完成无人机植保作业过程中的状态监控及飞行控制.测试结果表明:该植保无人机监控系统能够有效地对无人机飞行过程进行控制.  相似文献   

A Reliable Method for Testing the Sensitivity of Botryotinia fuckeliana to Anilinopyrimidines In Vitro     

Urs W. Hilber  Hannes Schüepp 《Pest management science》1996,47(3):241-247

Cyprodinil is a representative of the new class of broad-spectrum anilinopyrimidine fungicides. The effect of cyprodinil on mycelial growth of Botryotinia fuckeliana on solid agar medium depends on the composition of the medium and on the age of the mycelium to be used for the bioassay. An in-vitro method was developed to study the sensitivity distribution to cyprodinil in two wild-type populations of B. fuckeliana from fruits of strawberry with grey mould. To validate the applicability of the method, sensitivities to cyprodinil, mepanipyrim and pyrimethanil were monitored in populations of B. fuckeliana from grapes with grey mould from different vineyards, including one trial vineyard where reduced performance of cyprodinil had been encountered. The monitoring procedure was based on the inhibition of the mycelial growth on a synthetic medium containing L -asparagine (asp-agar) amended with the active ingredients. The mycelium was grown on asp-agar discs, starting from a spore suspension, for 17 h prior to the beginning of the test. This procedure proved to be efficient. The two wild-type populations from different sampling sites showed similar distributions of the sensitivity to cyprodinil. Some isolates from the trial site with reduced performance of anilinopyrimidines showed reduced sensitivities to cyprodinil, mepanipyrim and pyrimethanil, demonstrating cross-resistance between these anilinopyrimidines.  相似文献   

多次间歇LED光照射对铁观音风味组分的影响     

陈寿松  金心怡  游芳宁  周子维  李鑫磊  郝志龙  孙云 《农业工程学报》2018,34(2):308-314

光照是决定乌龙茶高香醇厚品质的重要因子。为了探究多次间歇LED光照射对铁观音品质的影响,该文以铁观音为研究对象,采用LED白光进行多次光照射处理试验,以全程无光照为对照(CK),通过设计3个不同次数LED光照射试验组,第1次摇青前进行第1次光照射为(S-1),第2次摇青前进行第2次光照射为(S-2),第3次摇青前进行第3次光照射为(S-3),分别进行不同处理的铁观音毛茶的儿茶素、氨基酸、香气组分测定以及感官品质审评。试验结果表明:与CK相比,S-2和S-3处理铁观音毛茶中的呈苦涩味儿茶素组分总量分别降低了29.6%、24.4%,游离氨基酸组分总量分别提高了20.5%、15.4%,毛茶酚氨比减小;适度增加LED光照射次数有利于铁观音毛茶呈花果香气味的α-法呢烯和橙花叔醇相对含量的积累,其中S-2处理效果最佳,相对于CK分别提高了56.28%、62.51%;基于香气主成分分析得出S-2处理的香气综合评价得分最高(9.88),CK得分最低(-3.48),与4个不同处理的铁观音毛茶感官审评结果排序相同。研究结果可为将来开展建设乌龙茶全天候工厂化连续化加工生产提供理论和科学参考。  相似文献   

泥石流作用下路基易损性模型试验研究     

朱志鹏  钱德玲  叶潇潇  杨罡  谢乐  刘杰 《水土保持通报》2018,38(3):86-93

[目的]采用模型试验研究泥石流对路基的冲淤作用规律,为泥石流作用下路基易损性的研究提供一定依据。[方法]以中巴公路K1561泥石流沟谷为研究原型,应用相似试验原理建立模型。根据原型沟谷设置试验条件,得到原型沟谷模型试验数据;然后又采用控制变量法进行6个因素共25组模型试验,以研究不同因素在泥石流作用下对公路路基的冲淤作用规律。[结果]原型沟谷模型试验数据与现场调查结果相吻合;流通区坡度、路基与泥石流出山口之间的距离、一次泥石流冲出物最大方量、泥石流重度和泥石流爆发频率5个因素对易损性的影响较为明显,泥石流主沟道与路基之间的夹角对路基易损性的影响不明显。[结论]5个因素对路基易损性有重要影响,可作为泥石流易损性评价中的重要评价指标。  相似文献