同步辐射软X射线对家蚕生理生化性状的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

谭安江  徐厚镕  蒋诗平  张玉烜  单晓斌 《蚕业科学》1999,25(1):22-25

采用一定剂量同步辐射（ＳＲ）软Ｘ射线辐照催青卵及蚕蛹,利用ＰＡＧＥ对蚕卵及蛹子代的蛋白质和酯酶同工酶进行分析,结果发现谱带数目及活性的变化,茧质调查与对照相比也有差异。首次证明ＳＲ软Ｘ射线对家蚕的生理生化性状有一定影响  相似文献   

Forest fragmentation in Loudoun County,Virginia, USA evaluated with multitemporal Landsat imagery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fuller  Douglas O. 《Landscape Ecology》2001,16(7):627-642

In order to study forest fragmentation in the Virginia, USA Piedmont, a series of Landsat images from 1973, 1987, and 1999 covering a rapidly developing area (Loudoun County) was used to classify forest from non-forest. The classified images were analyzed using a geographic information system (GIS) to determine the spatial and temporal patterns of fragmentation, and to relate these patterns to infrared radiance provided by Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) band 6. The analysis was concentrated on eleven major watersheds of Loudoun County. The relationship between urbanized area per watershed and mean fragment size showed a strong negative decay form (r ²=0.757, p<0.0001). Analysis of four landscape metrics showed increasing fragmentation of forest cover, particularly from 1987 to 1999, as well as an increase in forest edge and shape complexity. Of the landscape metrics used, the perimeter-to-area (P/A) ratio showed the strongest relationship with mean radiance of forest patches. In addition, there was a negative, linear relationship between distance from major roads and band 6 radiance of forested pixels. Overall, the study shows that landscape metrics can convey meaningful information on biophysical changes associated with forest fragmentation at broad scales. These changes suggest that ambient temperature increases associated with urban sprawl may have important, long-term implications for ecophysiological processes.  相似文献   

土壤脱湿过程中NaCl胁迫对羊草生长和矿质元素吸收的影响   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

侯振安  李品芳  朱继正  冶军 《草业学报》2003,12(2):40-45

用不同盐分浓度的NaCl中性盐对羊草进行胁迫,探讨在土壤脱湿过程中,NaCl胁迫对羊草生长和矿质元素吸收分配的影响。结果表明,当土壤溶液NaCl浓度小于125mmol/L(土壤总盐小于o．34％)时,盐分胁迫对羊草株高、根长、干物质积累量和相对生长率(RGR)无显著影响,且根系的钾钠吸收选择性和运输选择性随盐度处理水平的增加而增强。但当NaCl浓度超过225mmol/L(土壤总盐大于0．53％)后,其株高、根长、干物质积累量和相对生长率(RGR)随盐度增加而显著降低(P＜0．05),根系的钾钠吸收选择性和运输选择性也随盐度处理水平的增加而逐渐减弱。NaCl胁迫条件下,羊草对K、Ca的比吸收率(SAR)降低,茎叶K、Ca含量随盐度的增加显著减少(P＜0．05),Na、Cl含量则均随盐度的增加而显著提高,植株K／Na降低。羊草茎叶的盐分离子(Na^ 、Cl^-)含量与相对生长率(RGR)之间呈显著的负相关关系。  相似文献   

不同干燥方法对苜蓿相同区段营养价值影响的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李兆勇  张桂国  宋树平  孙亿 《饲料工业》2006,27(3):32-34

取同一地块现蕾期紫花苜蓿,分成上1/3、下2/3和全株苜蓿3部分样品,每种样品都分别采用自然通风晒干、室内通风阴干和60～65℃人工烘干3种不同的方式进行干燥。每个样品都进行干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维等营养成分的测定,结果表明:粗蛋白含量以晒干方式的最高(P<0.05);苜蓿干草中粗脂肪类物质的含量受干燥中温度的影响较大,随温度升高粗脂肪含量有增大的趋势;苜蓿不同的区段粗纤维含量均以风干干燥方式的最高(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

PET/CT FOLLOWING INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY FOR PRIMARY LUNG TUMOR IN A DOG     

ELIZABETH A. BALLEGEER  LISA J. FORREST  ROBERT JERAJ  T. ROCKWELL MACKIE  R. JEROME NICKLES 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2006,47(2):228-233

A primary lung tumor in a dog treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy was imaged approximately 6 weeks and 1-year posttreatment with combined positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography, utilizing the radiotracers 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and 18F-fluorothymidine. These two tracers allowed discrimination of tumor from inflammation, and demonstrated spread of tumor along airways over time after treatment. Fusion of functional imaging with anatomic imaging is a useful tool, particularly in the field of oncology, with the potential for PET markers that delineate tumor from normal or reactive tissue, and potential or actual response to therapy.  相似文献   

COMPARISON OF ISODOSE DISTRIBUTIONS IN CANINE BRAIN IN HETEROGENEITY-CORRECTED VERSUS UNCORRECTED TREATMENT PLANS USING 6 MV PHOTONS     

J. LYONS  D.E. THRALL  A.F. PRUITT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(3):292-296

Magnetic resonance (MR) images may be useful for radiation planning due to greater contrast resolution. One disadvantage of MR images for radiation planning is the inability to incorporate electron density information into the dose calculation algorithm. To assess the magnitude of this problem, we evaluated radiation dose distribution in canine brain by comparing computed tomography (CT)-based radiotherapy plans with and without electron density correction. Computerized radiotherapy plans were generated for 13 dogs with brain tumors using 6 MV photons. A tissue-contouring program was used to outline the gross tumor volume (GTV) and the planning target volume (PTV) for each patient. Two treatment plans were generated for each dog. First, the plan was optimized without heterogeneity correction. Then the heterogeneity correction was implemented without changing any other plan parameters. Isodose distributions and dose volume histograms (DVHs) were used to compare the two plans. The D95 (dose delivered to 95% of the volume) within the PTV was calculated for each treatment plan and differences in the D95s were compared. The mean D95s without and with heterogeneity correction were 49.1 +/- 0.7 and 48.9 +/- 1.0Gy, respectively. The absolute mean percent dose difference without and with heterogeneity correction was 1.0 - 0.9% (-1.3-3.2%) and was not considered to be clinically significant. We found no clinically significant difference between CT-based radiotherapy plans without and with heterogeneity correction for brain tumors in small animals, which supports the use of MR-based treatment planning for radiotherapy of small animal brain tumors.  相似文献   

RADIOBIOLOGICAL AND TREATMENT PLANNING STUDY OF A SIMULTANEOUSLY INTEGRATED BOOST FOR CANINE NASAL TUMORS USING HELICAL TOMOTHERAPY     

ALONSO N. GUTIÉRREZ  MICHAEL DEVEAU  LISA J. FORREST  WOLFGANG A. TOMÉ  THOMAS R. MACKIE 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(6):594-602

Feasibility of delivering a simultaneously integrated boost to canine nasal tumors using helical tomotherapy to improve tumor control probability (TCP) via an increase in total biological equivalent uniform dose (EUD) was evaluated. Eight dogs with varying size nasal tumors (5.8-110.9 cc) were replanned to 42 Gy to the nasal cavity and integrated dose boosts to gross disease of 45.2, 48.3, and 51.3 Gy in 10 fractions. EUD values were calculated for tumors and mean normalized total doses (NTD(mean)) for organs at risk (OAR). Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) values were obtained for OARs, and estimated TCP values were computed using a logistic dose-response model and based on deliverable EUD boost doses. Significant increases in estimated TCP to 54%, 74%, and 86% can be achieved with 10%, 23%, and 37% mean relative EUD boosts to the gross disease, respectively. NTCP values for blindness of either eye and for brain necrosis were < 0.01% for all boosts. Values for cataract development were 31%, 42%, and 46% for studied boost schemas, respectively. Average NTD(mean) to eyes and brain for mean EUD boosts were 10.2, 11.3, and 12.1 Gy3, and 7.5, 7.2, and 7.9 Gy2, respectively. Using helical tomotherapy, simultaneously integrated dose boosts can be delivered to increase the estimated TCP at 1-year without significantly increasing the NTD(mean) to eyes and brain. Delivery of these treatments in a prospective trial may allow quantification of a dose-response relationship in canine nasal tumors.  相似文献   

狗牙根品种及辐射诱变M1代变异植株的过氧化物同工酶分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王文恩  包满珠  张俊卫 《中国草地学报》2007,29(1):71-76

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对辐射诱变M1代变异植株及其对照、‘Tifway’和‘Tifgreen’共18个狗牙根材料的过氧化物同工酶进行了分析。结果表明：供试材料共出现了97条酶带，单个材料最多为8条，最少只有2条；材料HN009和HN010、HN012和HN013的POD酶带特征完全相同；HN015和HN016的P013酶带在P8位点上有强弱不同，HN004和HN018的POD酶带在P5和P6位点上有强弱不同，它们的酶带数和位点均相同；其它各材料之间酶带总数不同，在各个区域分布的位点及酶谱特征明显不同。除HN010和其对照HN009的酶谱特征相同外，其它形态变异植株和其对照之间的酶谱特征均存在明显差异。  相似文献   

Effects of deficit irrigation strategies on cluster microclimate for improving fruit composition of Moscatel field-grown grapevines   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tiago Pedreira dos Santos  Carlos M. Lopes  M. Lucília Rodrigues  Claudia R. de Souza  Jorge M. Ricardo-da-Silva  João P. Maroco  João S. Pereira  M. Manuela Chaves 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

The grapevine plays a very important role in the economic, social and cultural sectors of many regions; however vineyards are often grown in regions under stressful conditions and thus they are vulnerable to climate change. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation on vine water relations, vegetative growth, plant microclimate, berry composition and yield components, compared to conventional deficit irrigation (DI, 50% ETc), full irrigation (FI, 100% of ETc) and non-irrigated vines (NI). The study was undertaken in mature ‘Moscatel’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Pegões, South of Portugal. Compared to the other irrigated treatments, PRD vines showed a better microclimate at the cluster zone with higher incident photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Within the more open canopies of NI and PRD treatments, berry temperatures were higher than those of denser ones (DI and FI). Compared to the conventional irrigation technique the better microclimate observed in PRD vines was a consequence of a reduction in vine growth, where lower values of leaf layer number, leaf area, canopy wideness, water shoots and shoot weight were observed. In PRD vines we observed a tendency to a development of a deeper root system, while DI and FI showed a more homogeneous root distribution throughout the different soil layers. PRD showed an improvement in berry quality with higher values of flavour precursors, and total phenols concentration without any significant yield reduction compared to DI and FI.  相似文献   

UV-B radiation increases paraquat tolerance of two broad-leaved and two grass weeds in relation to changes in herbicide absorption and photosynthesis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S WANG  L DUAN  J LI  X TIAN  & Z LI 《Weed Research》2007,47(2):122-128

Depletion of the protective ozone layer in the atmosphere leads to increasing UV‐B radiation on the earth's surface with potential effects on the response of plants to different stresses. Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Digitaria sanguinalis and Chloris virgata are common weeds encountered in most arable fields in China. The effectiveness of herbicides used in controlling these weeds needs to be evaluated with increased UV‐B radiation. Seedlings of these four weeds were therefore grown under ambient and elevated UV‐B radiation to compare the efficacy of paraquat, a commonly used contact herbicide. Irrespective of species sensitivity to radiation, the elevated UV‐B radiation decreased the effectiveness of paraquat. Net photosynthesis rate was adversely affected except for D. sanguinalis, while the chlorophyll content was significantly reduced in A. retroflexus and C. virgata. UV‐B treatment increased the leaf surface wax and decreased the absorption of ¹⁴C‐paraquat in A. theophrasti, D. sanguinalis and C. virgata. These results suggest that the response of weeds to paraquat or the use of the herbicide may be affected by increased UV‐B radiation, to the extent that larger doses may be required to achieve desired effects. This may have damaging consequences for the environment.  相似文献