Evaluating the Impact of Combined Application of Biochar and Compost on Hydro-physical Properties of Loamy Sand Soil     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19):2442-2456

ABSTRACT

Biochar, compost and their combination are important organic amendment materials for improving the hydro-physical properties of sandy soils. Series of soil columns experiments were conducted for investigating the application effects of date palm biochar and compost on evaporation, moisture distribution, infiltration, sorptivity (Sp), saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_sat) and water holding capacity (WHC) at application rates of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% (10, 20, 30 and 40 g kg^?1). The columns were filled manually with air-dried soil with 35 cm depth and the thickness of surface amended layer was 10 cm (T10) and 20 cm (T20) from soil surface at bulk density of 1400 kg m^?3. The results showed that the behavior of soil moisture distribution was influenced by application of biochar, compost and biochar-compost mixture. Moreover, in the amended layer T10, applying biochar at rate of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% reduced significantly cumulative evaporation by 5.8%, 10.8%, 12.8% and 16.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the reduction for the biochar-compost mixture at application rates of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% was 10%, 12.2%, 14.5% and 20%, respectively. In layer T20, applying biochar at rate of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% reduced cumulative evaporation by 10.24%, 13.0%, 18.3% and 21.5% but this reduction amounted to 18.2%, 21%, 23% and 24% for the biochar-compost mixture, respectively. It was generally observed that the highest application rate (4%) for applied amendments was the most effective impact on Sp, K_sat and WHC compared with other rates.  相似文献   

大田土壤耕作层覆膜防渗灌溉栽培水稻研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张立成  姚帮松  肖卫华  黄浇波  沈维  阮三桂  蒋鹏  程峰 《灌溉排水学报》2016,(9):36-39

为了推广应用一种新的覆膜栽培水稻方法——覆膜防渗灌溉,对比分析了土壤耕作层覆膜防渗灌溉与常规灌溉条件下水稻的耗水量、水稻生长分蘖状况、水稻产量及土壤中氮磷钾营养元素的变化情况。结果表明,防渗灌溉能明显减少灌溉用水量,较常规灌溉节水9.54%。防渗灌溉可减少土壤中的肥力损失,能有效阻隔土壤中速效钾的淋溶损失。防渗灌溉与常规灌溉的耗水系数分别为711和786 kg/kg,灌耗比分别为0.5和0.6。防渗灌溉降低灌溉水在总耗水量中的比重,减少渗漏损失提高水分利用率。  相似文献   

黑龙江省半干旱区防护林内主要气象因子观测初报     

李朝晖  俞冬兴  曹志伟  张玉柱  高野 《防护林科技》2012,(6):27-29

对齐齐哈尔(沙壤土区)、杜蒙(风沙土区)、青冈(黑土区)等3个代表黑龙江省半干旱区典型地点防护林区内7、8、9月主要气象因子(气温、气湿、风速、降雨量等)及土壤入渗率情况进行了定期观测,结果表明:3个月份平均气温杜蒙>齐齐哈尔>青冈,气湿为青冈>齐齐哈尔>杜蒙,风速为杜蒙>齐齐哈尔>青冈,土壤入渗率为杜蒙>齐齐哈尔>青冈,揭示了黑龙江省半干旱区防护林内不同土壤类型之间主要气象因子的变化特征及规律,为半干旱区防护林功能评价提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地纵向沙垅表面沙物质粒度特征   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

李振山  陈广庭  冯起  董治宝 《干旱区资源与环境》1998,(1)

本文对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地纵向沙垅表面沙粒、丘间地沙粒进行了粒度分析。结果表明,沙垅以极细沙为主,平均粒径３．０６Φ,沙粒从沙垅迎风侧到背风侧逐渐变细。沙丘沙比丘间地沙分选好,沙垅背风侧比迎风侧分选好。沙粒属极负偏,偏度－０．２２,丘间地沙比沙丘沙更趋向负偏。峰度１．３８,属尖峰态。粒径与偏度和峰度成正相关,分选和偏度成良好负相关。沙丘沙以单峰态为主,累积频率曲线为２～３段式,丘间地以双峰态为主,累积频率曲线为３～４段。大尺度地形对沙粒段式没有影响,对各段组分含量相对大小有影响。  相似文献   

Effects of different land use types on infiltration capacity in a catchment in the highlands of Ethiopia     

F. Yimer  I. Messing  S. Ledin  A. Abdelkadir 《Soil Use and Management》2008,24(4):344-349

Infiltration capacity is an important variable for understanding and predicting a range of soil processes. This study investigated for different slope positions the effects of forest conversion to cultivation and grazing on soil infiltration capacity. Infiltration capacity was measured in the field in each land use type using a double‐ring infiltrometer. A total of 108 soil samples (3 slope positions × 3 land use types × 4 soil profiles × 3 soil depths) were collected to determine the variables that affect infiltration capacity viz. particle size distribution, organic carbon content, dry bulk density and soil moisture content. The results showed that in the cultivated and grazed land compared with forest, infiltration capacity and soil moisture content were 70 and 45% smaller respectively, and dry bulk density was 13–20% larger. Changes in soil structure caused by surface soil compaction because of tillage and animal trampling coupled with a smaller soil organic carbon content, are likely to be the principal factors causing the decline in infiltration capacity and soil moisture content after conversion of forest to cultivation and grazing.  相似文献   

Effect of Gypsum Application on Long Term Changes in Soil Properties and Crop Growth in Sodic Soils under Field Conditions     

D. P. Sharma 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1986,156(3):166-172

In a field study, conducted on farmer's waste sodic soils, Aquic Natrustalf, 12.5 t/ha gypsum was surface mixed. Effect of gypsum application on soil properties and crop yields of rice and wheat grown in succession was evaluated after one to five years of gypsum application. The results showed that soil pH, electrical conductivity, calcium carbonate and soil dispersion decreased, whereas organic carbon, hydraulic conductivity, water infiltration and storage increased considerably after five years of gypsum application. In the initial years the improvement in soil properties was more in the surface layers and extended to lower layers slowly in the following years. Average grain yields of rice and wheat in the first year were 4.2 and 1.8 t/ha, respectively. The yields further increased to 6.1 and 2.5 t/ha in the 5th year, but the yields were lower than the yields obtained in research experiment. Relationships between wheat grain yield and pH of 0–15 and 15–30 cm layers were established. Wheat yield reduced by 45 percent when pH of 0–15 cm layer increased from 9.0 to 9.5. The sodicity of sub soil was still too high to permit the cultivation of deep rooted crops even after five years of gypsum application. Normal crop production is possible in these sodic soils, given sufficient time to reduce the sub soil sodicity.  相似文献   

诗画对中国古典园林的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

聂晓玲 《河北林果研究》2006,21(1):108-110

中国古典园林深受绘画、诗词和文学的影响.中国古典园林一直是循着绘画的脉络发展起来的.绘画理论对于造园起了很大的指导作用,诗词也对中国造园艺术影响至深.本文论述、分析了诗歌、绘画对中国造园艺术的影响,体现出中国古典园林艺术追求诗情画意的美学意味和独特的美学传统.  相似文献   

北京九龙山林地对降雨的调蓄功能^*          下载免费PDF全文

张理宏  李昌哲  杨立文 《林业科学研究》1994,(2):162-167

对北京九龙山油松林、侧柏林、阴坡灌木林、阳坡灌木林的林冠层、枯落物层及土壤层对降雨的调蓄功能进行了研究，结果表明：四种不同林地的林冠截持率为２２％～３２％，大暴雨下的截持率为７％～１０％；枯落物层的有效调蓄为０．４６～２．４２ｍｍ；５０ｃｍ土层的快速、慢速和变化调蓄量分别为３５～４８ｍｍ；５４～４８ｍｍ，２８～５２ｍｍ；四种林地调蓄功能的顺序从大到小为油松林、阴坡灌木林、阳坡灌木林、侧柏林。  相似文献   

Impacts of fractal features of soil on moisture infiltration capacity of typical stands in Jinyun mountain of Chongqing city     

Yujie Wang  Yunqi Wang 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2007,2(1):72-77

The soil structure was expressed with fractal dimensions of particle size distribution (PSD), aggregate size distribution (ASD), and soil pore size distribution (SPD). The effect of soil fractal features on soil infiltration velocity and process was studied. The result of the fractal feature shows that fractal dimensions of PSD are obviously greater than those of ASD and SPD, and in different soil genetic horizons, the fractal dimension of ASD has the greatest variability, and shows a downtrend on the top-to-bottom genetic horizon. According to the soil infiltration process curve, the infiltration process was divided into three phases: (1) the initial phase (0–5 min), (2) the transition phase (5–30 min), and (3) the stable phase (30–180 min). In the initial phase of infiltration, the soil structure of soil genetic horizon A was the major influencing factor; in the transition phase of infiltration, the pore distribution of soil horizon AB and soil structure of horizon B were the major influencing factors; in the stable phase of infiltration, the soil structure of horizon C was the major influencing factor to the infiltration velocity. Soil infiltration process is influenced comprehensively by soil PSD, ASD, and SPD. In the overall soil water infiltration, the infiltration in shrub forest land was much faster than that in other land uses, and in the initial infiltration phase, arable land soil infiltration was much faster than that in forest land, and in the stable infiltration phase, the infiltration velocity in forest land was faster than that in arable land. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(3): 73–78 [译自: 北京林业大学学报]  相似文献   

不同森林-土壤类型在水源林生态系统中的作用     

霍应强 《广东林业科技》2015,31(5):99-101

水源林是森林水文学的研究主体和实践区域,丘陵山区开发利用首先要解决水源林布局问题,使之达到生态平衡。文章探讨了不同的森林—土壤类型及其水源涵养能力,阐述了森林—土壤类型在森林生态系统中的基本核心功能,特别是林地土壤内的重力水库容在其中担负着重大的作用,并初步提出了营建和改造水源林的建议。  相似文献