滴灌系统中离心式过滤器应用研究     

《灌溉排水学报》2019,(Z2)

【目的】针对滴灌系统过滤器工作负荷过大及田间灌水器堵塞等问题,进一步提高生产中大量应用的离心式过滤器分离泥沙效率。【方法】介绍了离心式过滤器9大基本构件,并对进水口、溢流管口、底流管口、小锥管内部结构进行了设计,达到了提升过滤器工作效率、降低短路流机率和系统能耗、延长设备使用寿命等效果。【结果】运用基本通用理论将离心式过滤器分为除沙器和除泥器;并参考国家行业技术标准确定了除沙器和除泥器6种设备的直径、锥角等参数及分离标准能力。分析了离心式过滤器泥沙分离效率的主要影响因素,确定加压泵出口压力值完全满足分离细颗粒泥沙的技术要求。结合过滤器进水口前端泥沙级配情况,确定了滴灌系统离心过滤器两级溢流串联工作模式。【结论】以上成果可为离心式过滤器标准化设计、生产及应用提供一定参考依据。  相似文献   

地源热泵水蓄能型植物工厂降温系统夏季运行特性     

石惠娴  田沁雨  孟祥真  任亦可  欧阳三川  张中华  安文婷 《农业工程学报》2019,35(21):202-209

针对田间环境复杂、秸秆形态多样、秸秆覆盖率判断主观性影响过大、补贴面积测量耗时耗力等问题,该文开展了秸秆覆盖率率自动识别方法研究和监测设备研制。首先,提出利用时频变换进行秸秆识别,设计高通滤波器提取了图像的频域特征进行自适应分割。基于集成分类器利用已有的秸秆识别数据训练支持向量机分类器,对秸秆图像进行再识别和筛选。最后,设计多尺度占比滤波器,对识别图像中的噪声和空洞进行修补,生成适应多种情况的秸秆覆盖率识别算法。与北斗定位模块、无线通讯模块、摄像头、传感器、服务器等设备共同组成秸秆覆盖率识别系统。试验结果表明,设备的秸秆覆盖率识别误差为4.55%,平均单张图像耗时0.05 s。研究结果满足保护性耕作中的自动化监测要求,可为保护性耕作作业质量评测提供有效的技术支持。  相似文献   

一种基于花授粉算法的WRF风速集合预报新模型          下载免费PDF全文

田梦  曲宗希  吴彬贵  黄鹤  张文煜 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,41(8):99-106

基于不同水平分辨率和边界层参数化方案的集合预报思路,应用花授粉算法与不限制负值的约束理论(FPA-NNCT)进行权重平均,提出一种新的风速集合预报模型(FPA-NNCT-WRF-E).利用山东省代表山地和海滨下垫面的2个风电场风速实测数据,将新模型与传统算术集合模型(M-WRF-E)以及FPA模型(FPA-WRF-E)的风速预报结果进行对比评估.结果表明:FPA-NNCT-WRF-E预报明显优于M-WRF-E和FPA-WRF-E的风速预报,与M-WRF-E相比, FPA-WRF-E将风速平均绝对误差(MAE)减小了20%以上,而新模型FPA-NNCT-WRF-E将MAE减小了38%以上.预报的准确性得到了提高.  相似文献   

基于MODIS数据的山东省2014-2016年干旱监测分析     

王正东  郭鹏  万红  杨纲 《水土保持研究》2019,26(2):330-336

针对近年频发的干旱情况不能准确及时监测评估的问题,以山东省为研究区,基于温度植被干旱指数方法（TVDI）,利用S-G加权滤波对MODIS地表温度产品MOD11A2和植被指数产品MOD13A2数据进行了重建,根据重建后的数据计算2014—2016年山东省的温度植被干旱指数,在比较NDVI-LST与EVI-LST构建的温度植被指数干旱模型（TVDI）的基础上,利用效果更好的EVI-LST构建的TVDI模型反演山东省2014—2016年的干旱情况,最后利用气象站观测数据对TVDI结果进行了相关性分析。研究表明,山东省在2014—2015年全年平均干旱面积占比分别为37.62%,41.7%,2016年基本无旱情发生。气象站观测的降水、温度与TVDI的相关性均在0.32以上,且均通过显著性检验,说明植被覆盖信息和陆地表面温度信息相结合反演的TVDI空间和时间分布能够较好地反映表层土壤水分变化趋势,其作为旱情评价指标是合理的。  相似文献   

基于改进强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波的饵料动态称重算法     

张丽珍  李旗明  吴迪  保冶君  何睿杰  李志坚 《上海海洋大学学报》2023,32(5):967-977

投饵是虾塘养殖中的重要环节,获取剩余饵料重量是实现精准投饵的关键。为解决在投饵过程中由环境、系统自身等因素引起的剩余饵料称重不准确问题,提出了一种适用于投饵船饵料动态称重的自适应强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波算法(SHFL-ASTUKF)。首先,建立称重系统的二阶模型,并对量测结果进行滤波。然后,在渐消因子快速引入的基础上,使用奇异值分解替换Cholesky分解处理误差协方差问题。同时,结合模糊控制算法和Sage-Husa自适应滤波,自适应更新量测噪声协方差和系统噪声协方差,从而抑制滤波过程中的发散情况。对SHFL-ASTUKF进行实例数据仿真和实验验证,结果表明,与强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波相比,实例数据仿真中,RMSE提高了14.9%,投饵船剩余饵料称重实验中RMSE平均提高了15.15%,MAE提高17.27%,所提出的算法具有更高的动态测量精度和更好的降噪效果。  相似文献   

Projections of temperature extremes based on preferred CMIP5 models:a case study in the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in Northwest China     

CHEN Li 《干旱区科学》2021,13(6):568-580

The extreme temperature has more outstanding impact on ecology and water resources in arid regions than the average temperature. Using the downscaled daily temperature data from 21 Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project(CMIP) models of NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP) and the observation data, this paper analyzed the changes in temporal and spatiotemporal variation of temperature extremes, i.e., the maximum temperature(Tmax) and minimum temperature(Tmin), in the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in Northwest China over the period 2020–2050 based on the evaluation of preferred Multi-Model Ensemble(MME). Results showed that the Partial Least Square ensemble mean participated by Preferred Models(PM-PLS) was better representing the temporal change and spatial distribution of temperature extremes during 1961–2005 and was chosen to project the future change. In 2020–2050, the increasing rate of Tmax(Tmin) under RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway) 8.5 will be 2.0(1.6) times that under RCP4.5, and that of Tmin will be larger than that of Tmax under each corresponding RCP. Tmin will keep contributing more to global warming than Tmax. The spatial distribution characteristics of Tmax and Tmin under the two RCPs will overall the same; but compared to the baseline period(1986–2005), the increments of Tmax and Tmin in plain area will be larger than those in mountainous area. With the emission concentration increased, however, the response of Tmax in mountainous area will be more sensitive than that in plain area, and that of Tmin will be equivalently sensitive in mountainous area and plain area. The impacts induced by Tmin will be universal and farreaching. Results of spatiotemporal variation of temperature extremes indicate that large increases in the magnitude of warming in the basin may occur in the future. The projections can provide the scientific basis for water and land plan management and disaster prevention and mitigation in the inland river basin.  相似文献   

饱和度及干密度对弱膨胀土土水特征曲线影响          下载免费PDF全文

李佳敏  马丽娜  张戎令  张唐瑜  王斌文 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,42(4):142-148

采用滤纸法测量不同干密度下试样的总吸力与基质吸力,并绘制相应的土水特征曲线,分析饱和度与干密度对土水特征曲线的影响.实验结果表明:在饱和度一定时,总吸力与基质吸力均随干密度的增大而增大;随饱和度增大,不同干密度的总吸力差值和基质吸力差值逐渐减小;另外,试样的排水速率随饱和度的增大而减小,且干密度越大,排水速率越慢.在较低含水率时,试样的总吸力和基质吸力随干密度的增大而增大,随含水率的增大,干密度对总吸力和基质吸力的影响逐渐弱化.  相似文献   

An Image Reconstruction Fast Algorithm Based on Orthogonal Wavelets Derived from Symmetric Scale Functions     

Liu Yiwu  Zhang Bangli  Wang Guangxue 《保鲜与加工》1998,(5):30-34

A new image reconstruction algorithm is presented, based on orthogonal wavelets derived from symmetric scale functions. The analysis and practice show that the method lessens greatly the computational time,and improves the reconstruction quality.  相似文献   

The recovery of maleic hydrazide from processed potato products     

A. I. Dias  H. J. Duncan 《Potato Research》1999,42(1):95-99

Summary A method used for estimating extractable maleic hydrazide (MH) concentrations in fresh potato material, concentration range 5–17 mg kg⁻¹, was found not to be suitable for processed potato products (10–33% recoveries) although, boiling potato pieces enhanced recovery by 20%. Each step of the determination was examined and a modified procedure developed with particular emphasis on the extraction of MH from the dried potato matrix, and the quality of the HPLC column used. Potato slices and model systems based on filter papers plus additives were used. Recoveries from fried potato slices were 74±6%. Based on the effect of glucose in reducing extractable MH recoveries, it is suggested that the remainder of the MH (20–25%) is converted into a conjugated structure on reaction with dehydrated sugar (Diels-Alder reaction).  相似文献   

The Filtering Character of Hilbert-Huang Transform and Its Application   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

TAN Shan-wen~  QIN Shu-ren~  TANG Bao-ping~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(2):9-12

Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) is a new two-step time-frequency analytic method to analyze the nonlinear and non-stationary signal. The key step of this method is empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method with which any complicated data set can be decompose into a finite and often small number of intrinsic mode functions(IMF). Using Hilbert transform to those IMF components can yield instantaneous frequency, the final presentation of this results is a energy frequency-time distribution, designated as the Hilbert spectrum. Examples from the numerical results of signal de-noising are given to demonstrate the power of this new method, those results can clarity the advance and efficient of this method.  相似文献