Effect of genotype and level of supplementary concentrate on foraging activity and vegetation cover in an organic free-range pig system     

A. G. Kongsted  M. Jakobsen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3-4):139-147

Abstract

The objectives were to investigate the effects of genotype and level of concentrate on foraging activity and vegetation cover in an organic pasture-based system for growing-finishing pigs. A 44% reduction in the allowance of concentrate more than doubled the rooting activity. The effect of feeding strategy on grazing was less pronounced; this behaviour only tended to be more frequent in the pigs fed restrictedly compared to the pigs fed according to recommendations. There were no significant differences in rooting activity between genotypes; however, the ‘traditional’ genotype grazed significantly more than the ‘modern’ genotype. The vegetation cover declined significantly faster in the paddocks with restrictedly fed pigs than in the paddocks with pigs fed according to recommendations. A restriction in the allowance of concentrate is a valuable tool for stimulating rooting behaviour in integrated systems where the pigs’ rooting behaviour is considered a resource in relation to, for example, soil tillage.  相似文献   

Colonization of Butchers with Livestock‐Associated Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus     

M. Boost  J. Ho  L. Guardabassi  M. O'Donoghue 《Zoonoses and public health》2013,60(8):572-576

Reports have documented colonization of swine in Europe, North America and more recently in China with livestock‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA‐MRSA). Contamination of pig farmers, veterinarians and abattoir workers with these strains has been observed. However, although contamination levels of 10% of retail pork were reported from the Netherlands and Canada, there are limited data of contamination rates of workers handling raw meat. We investigated the rates of MRSA contamination of local butchers working in wet markets, where recently slaughtered pigs are cut up. Nasal swabs collected from 300 pork butchers at markets throughout Hong Kong were enriched in brain heart infusion broth with 5% salt and cultured on MRSASelect^®. Isolates were confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus and susceptibility testing performed. The presence of mecA was confirmed, SCCmec and spa type determined and relatedness investigated by PFGE. Subjects completed a questionnaire on MRSA carriage risk factors. Seventeen samples (5.6%) yielded MRSA, 15 harbouring SCCmec IVb. Ten strains were t899 (CC9), previously reported from local pig carcasses. Five strains were healthcare associated: SCCmec type II, t701(CC6), colonizing two subjects at the same establishment, and single isolates of t008 (CC8), t002 (CC5) and t123 (CC45). The remaining isolates were t359 (CC97), previously reported from buffaloes, and t375 (CC5), reported from bovine milk. None of these butchers reported recent hospitalization or a healthcare worker in the family. Two had recently received antibiotics, one for a skin infection. Four reported wound infections within the last year. All were exposed to meat for >9 h per day. Carriage of MRSA was higher in butchers than in the general community. Although five strains were probably of healthcare origin, the high incidence of t899 (CC9) suggests that cross‐contamination from pork occurs frequently. Washing of hands after touching raw pork is advised.  相似文献   

非洲猪瘟对中国生猪市场和产业发展影响分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

朱增勇  李梦希  张学彪 《农业工程学报》2019,35(18):205-210

受非洲猪瘟疫情、环保等因素影响,生猪产能快速深度下降,未来2 a猪肉供给偏紧特征明显,生猪价格快速进入新一轮上涨周期,未来养殖收益将连续3 a处于较好水平,未来2 a猪肉进口预期创新高。短期来看,非洲猪瘟影响下产销区供给过剩和供给偏紧交替出现,猪价由区域分化演变为普遍性上涨。受非洲猪瘟防控政策、产业生物安全水平提升需求和近期出台的产业支持政策等因素影响,中国生猪产业的生产和屠宰布局、流通模式、消费结构、猪肉贸易、价格周期等发生深刻变革。非洲猪瘟导致中国生猪养殖模式向适度规模转变,"公司+农户"成为主要发展模式,屠宰产能由销区向产区转移,管理和防疫成本提高,生猪产能恢复速度将较缓慢,猪肉消费加速向冷鲜肉转变,在肉类消费结构中比重将进一步下降,未来猪肉进口保持较高水平将成为常态。要有效实施非洲猪瘟分区防控、保障生猪市场稳定,需要通过加强区域化防控机制的顶层设计和立法,优化非洲猪瘟强制性扑杀补贴机制,加强基层兽医体系建设,实施"政府+企业+养殖户"联防联控,降低疫病传播风险,推动生猪产业可持续发展。  相似文献   

重组鹿肉制品的加工特性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周亚军  王淑杰  闫琳娜  于庆宇 《农业工程学报》2008,24(9):268-275

该文以不同营养、风味和加工特性的鹿肉和猪肉为原料,加非肉蛋白等营养强化物质,借谷氨酰胺转胺酶(TG)的粘合交联作用研制营养风味俱佳的重组鹿肉制品.单因素试验得出各因素对重组特性(剪切力、拉伸强度和蒸煮损失)的影响:TG-B(含1%TG、99%蛋白质)作用效果优于TG-A(含0.5%TG、99.5%蛋白质);大豆蛋白对重组特性和品质的作用效果优于脱脂麦胚蛋白、乳清蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠等非肉蛋白;TG-B的作用温度和时间、食盐和复合磷酸盐对嫩度和持水性的影响显著.借因子分析法和Plackett-Burman(PB)设计筛选出影响肉制品重组效果的主要因素为TG-B作用温度、食盐和大豆蛋白;运用中心组合设计和响应曲面分析优化出重组肉制品的最佳工艺参数为TG-B 0.5%、复合磷酸盐0.4%、食盐2%、大豆蛋白4.1%、42℃反应30 min、80℃灭酶20 min.  相似文献   

不同屠宰方式对猪肉品质的影响     

陈赞谋  ;李加琪  ;张艾君  ;梁广炬 《家畜生态》2008,(3):41-43

选用不同致晕、放血法及烫毛方法对140头杜长大和杜大长三元杂商品猪进行屠宰,测定其肌肉的肉色、pH值、剪切力、失水率等指标。结果表明：在其他条件相同的情况下,烫毛水温为60℃时,烫毛6min,胴体质量最佳。电击致晕生猪,采用悬挂放血,有出现PSE猪肉的倾向;而CO2致晕生猪,采用水平放血或悬挂放血,肉质指标差异不显著。较好的组合是：电击致晕生猪,采用水平放血;而CO2致晕生猪,采用悬挂放血较好。  相似文献   

陕西省生猪及猪肉生产预测模型建立与分析     

魏凤  孙爱军 《渔业经济研究》2011,(1):90-96

本文利用1999～2008年陕西省生猪及猪肉生产的相关数据,对其生猪及猪肉生产现状进行了分析,运用灰色系统理论建立了不同维的常规GM（1,1）模型群,然后根据不同维预测模型的相对误差优选出基础GM（1,1）模型并建立了灰色新陈代谢GM（1,1）模型,对陕西省未来五年的生猪及猪肉生产进行了预测。结论认为,2009～2013年陕西省的生猪和猪肉的产量将保持比较平稳的增长态势,生猪和猪肉的平均增长率为4．09％和2．44％,高于前十年的平均增长率。本文提出适应陕西省生猪及猪肉生产的相关建议,认为政府应加大生猪生产方面的扶持,增加资金投入,制定和完善生猪生产的各项相关政策及生猪养殖产业保护,加强对生猪生产过程的监督。企业与养殖户要寻找一种龙头企业和养殖户合作的模式。  相似文献   

Occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the pig-production chain in Ibadan,Nigeria     

Opeyemi U. Lawal  Abimbola O. Adekanmbi  Olawale O. Adelowo 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2021,88(1)

Staphylococcus species colonises humans and animals and is a major food contaminant with public health significance. Here, we assessed the occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria. Nares of 120 pigs and 10 farmers were sampled with sterile swabs whilst 54 pork samples were collected from a retail slaughterhouse. Staphylococcus species were isolated using enrichment, cefoxitin–aztreonam selective broth and Mannitol salt agar. Isolates were tested for susceptibility to cefoxitin (30 μg), oxacillin (1 μg) and vancomycin (30 μg). Methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolates were characterised using conventional biochemical tests. From 184 samples, 364 staphylococcal isolates were obtained. Amongst the 54 pork samples, 44.0% were contaminated with Staphylococcus species. Overall, 9 (2.5%) MRS were obtained and presumptively identified as Staphylococcus xylosus (n = 3), Staphylococcus sciuri (n = 3), Staphylococcus warneri (n = 2) and Staphylococcus cohnii (n = 1). There was no relationship between the prevalence of MRS between pigs and pig handlers in the farms, but Farm 2 had the highest frequency of 66.7% (p < 0.05). Piglets had the highest prevalence of 66.7% (p < 0.05) whilst MRS was absent in workers and pork samples. This study raises concerns about the cross-contamination of staphylococci in the food chain. Constant surveillance is imperative to ensure food safety.  相似文献   

消费者对安全猪肉的支付意愿及其影响因素     

汪爱娥 《中国农学通报》2016,32(26):175-180

为了了解消费者对猪肉质量安全的态度和对安全猪肉的消费倾向,构建消费者支付意愿的理论模型,利用CVM法测算武汉市城市消费者对安全猪肉的支付意愿,通过Logit模型分析消费者对安全猪肉支付意愿的影响因素。研究表明,消费者对安全猪肉的支付溢价为30.9%,安全猪肉随机价格、消费者对猪肉质量安全的关注和信任评价对其支付意愿产生显著影响。由此,从改善消费者的信任、评价的角度提出了建议以促进武汉市生猪产业的发展。  相似文献   

猪肉和鸡肉中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和T-2毒素酶联免疫吸附检测方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋晓丽  刘梅轩  罗湘蜀  李成龙  杨术鹏  王战辉  张素霞 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(3):525-530

为保障动物源性食品安全,本研究建立了分别检测猪肉和鸡肉中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)和T-2毒素残留的间接竞争酶联免疫吸附法.结果显示,该方法在猪肉和鸡肉样本中DON的检测限分别为34.9和43.5 μg/kg,添加回收率为72.7%~97.1%,变异系数小于8.7%;T-2毒素的检测限分别为33.7和28.7 μg/kg,添加回收率为72.1%~95.0%,变异系数小于11.3%.该方法灵敏度高、准确、简便,适用于猪肉和鸡肉中DON和T-2毒素残留的快速检测.  相似文献   

中国猪肉价格波动研究——兼与美国的比较   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

刘莹  胡浩  虞祎 《畜牧与兽医》2009,41(11)

猪肉价格的大幅波动给我国的生猪生产及猪肉消费带来极大的影响。本文通过对1995年以来猪肉月度价格变动及1985到2006年生猪及猪肉年度价格波动的分析,探讨我国猪肉市场价格的长短期变动规律,并从生猪的生产结构、生产周期、生产成本、疫情、宏观环境及与美国的猪肉市场的国际比较等方面解析中国猪肉价格波动的原因。提出鼓励并扶持生猪的规模化生产、提高生猪行业的组织化程度、加大政府投入力度、完善动物防疫体系等主要对策措施。  相似文献