Social-ethical issues concerning the control strategy of animal diseases in the European Union: A survey   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nina E. Cohen  Marcel A.P.M. van  Asseldonk  Elsbeth N. Stassen 《Agriculture and Human Values》2007,24(4):499-510

In 2004 a survey was conducted in the member states of the European Union designed to gain greater insight into the views on control strategies for foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever, and avian influenza with respect to the epidemiological, economic and social-ethical consequences of each of these animal diseases. This article presents the results of the social-ethical survey. A selection of stakeholders from each member state was asked to prioritize issues for the prevention and control of these diseases. A majority of stakeholders chose preventive measures as the preferred issue. An analysis was done to determine whether there were differences in views expressed by stakeholders from member states with a history of recent epidemics and ones without such a history, and whether there were regional differences. There were no differences between member states with or without a history of recent epidemics. There were indeed regional differences between the priority orders from Northern and Southern Europe on the one hand, and from Eastern Europe on the other. Nina E. Cohen is a biologist and is a researcher at the Wageningen University. She is specialized in societal and ethical issues in human–animal relationships. Her current research is focused on the social-ethical issues concerning the prevention and control of foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever and avian influenza. Marcel A.P.M. van Asseldonk has studied animal science. Currently he works at the Institute for Risk Management in Agriculture (IRMA) of the Wageningen University. He is specialized in the design and pricing of insurance policies and animal health funds for the main livestock epidemics. Elsbeth N. Stassen is a veterinarian and professor of Animals and Society at the Wageningen University. Elsbeth Stassen is specialized in animal health, animal welfare and human–animal relationships. She was a member of a governmental welfare committee during the avian influenza epidemic in the Netherlands in 2003.  相似文献   

浙江省森林资源连续清查系统抽样防偏试验初报     

傅宾领  聂祥永  姚顺彬 《浙江林学院学报》2007,24(1):44-49

数据的准确性和可靠性是清查成果能否客观、真实地反映森林资源状况的关键要素。森林资源连续清查数据的准确性和可靠性受到抽样方案设计、调查技术方法和实施操作过程等诸多因素的影响。其中，抽样方案设计是影响森林资源调查数据质量的关键因素。为了优化森林资源连续清查体系，防止系统抽样周期性变动和人为特殊对待等问题对清查成果质量的影响，从1994年开始，浙江省采用固定样地加部分替换样地（临时样地）的抽样设计方案进行防偏技术试验和研究。采用总体平均数的差异性检验和方差分析等方法，对浙江省自1989年以来的3期调查数据进行分组统计分析，3期调查数据的3组样本两两之间均通过了总体平均数差异显著性检验和单因素方差分析，无显著差异。初步试验结果表明，浙江省森林资源连续清查总体样本具有较好的代表性，不存在明显的系统偏差。  相似文献   

农业机械管理过程中存在的问题及解决策略     

柳卫波 《湖南农机》2011,38(9):19+26

随着我国经济快速发展,农业机械化进程不断加快,农业机械被越来越多的应用到农业生产活动中,文章主要讨论了现阶段农业机械管理过程中存在的问题,并提出了相应的改进措施,希望可以促进农业快速发展.  相似文献   

不同类型农村家庭结构养老现状分析——以安徽省太湖县M村为例     

朱林 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(17):9527-9529,9541

对M村不同类型家庭老年人的经济状况、生活照料、家庭关系和老人对养老现状满意度等方面进行调查,发现不同类型的农村家庭在养老现状与老人需求满足方面存在着分化。这种分化源于老人与子代之间相互联系与相互作用,这种相互联系与相互作用表现在经济实力、家庭权力、传统养老文化和家庭社会化4个方面。  相似文献   

山东省蔬菜质量安全体系存在的问题及对策研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛其勤  李美芹  吕金浮  刘永光  林桂玉 《北方园艺》2012,(17):207-210

通过深入蔬菜产业发展的各环节进行调查研究,综合分析了山东省蔬菜质量安全体系存在的突出问题。结果表明:农业生态环境问题日益突出;蔬菜的标准化生产体系不健全,菜农的组织化程度不高;蔬菜物流过程中监管力度不够,市场终端检测不严;科技研发投入不够;农民素质相对偏低等成为影响山东省蔬菜质量安全的重要因素。通过调查研究,提出了完善蔬菜质量安全体系的相应对策,主要包括采用多种方式加强对蔬菜种植地土壤质量的修复改良工作;采用更加科学的施肥和用药思路;充分发挥基层农业科技人员在保证蔬菜安全生产上所起的作用;继续加大科研力度,通过科技创新解决蔬菜质量安全面临的技术难题;完善法律法规、加强监督,提高蔬菜安全生产保障体系的有效性;加强教育培训,提高菜农整体素质等几个方面。  相似文献   

浅谈我国建筑施工中存在的安全问题及解决方案     

李开斌  张海波 《林业建设》2012,(3):68-69

建筑施工属于高危行业,各种各样的事故频频发生,给我国造成了严重的人身伤害和财产损失,本文分析了当前我国建筑施工中主要存在的安全问题,并根据这些问题提出了相应的解决方案,可以为建筑施工安全管理提供重要参考价值。  相似文献   

A Comparison of Intensive Rice Production in Japan and Wheat Production in Europe: The Contribution of Minimum Tillage to Sustainability     

《Plant Production Science》2013,16(3):149-164

Abstract

This review paper examines some of the issues concerned with sustainable production of two major cereal crops – wheat and rice. We compare the perceived threats to sustainability in intensive production of rice in Japan and wheat in Europe, and evaluate the contrasting experiences with minimum tillage as a possible technique for greater sustainability. The contrasts which are presented reveal how perceptions about environmental threats vary widely, and how social and economic factors, as well as purely environmental issues, greatly influence the conclusions reached about sustainability. Before drawing these comparisons, however, we present a brief outline of the two crop systems as practised in Japan and Europe, and describe the experiences in both regions of using minimum tillage.

The comparison presented has shown that there are no simple solutions to the problem of sustainability. Management techniques which work well in one situation, for example minimum tillage for wheat, may be inappropriate for another crop. Furthermore, the search for sustainability is strongly constrained by social and economic circumstances which ultimately determine which management options are viable. Indeed, although awareness of the need for more sustainable agricultural practices is growing, both in Japan and Europe, short-term economic considerations continue to be the dominant influence affecting agricultural practice in both regions.  相似文献   

Farm and Village Forest Use Practice in Ekiti State: Analysis of Government Policy and Tenure Issues     

Joshua Kayode 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(4):321-328

This study analyzed the influence of government policy and tenure issues on farm and village forest use practices in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Three rural communities that were still far from urban influence were selected from each of the 16 local government areas of the state. In each community, 20 household heads were selected and interviewed with the aid of a semi-structured matrix. The interviews aimed at the determination of respondents' socioeconomic status, awareness and belief in the effectiveness or otherwise of the forest laws and regulations, land use, tenure and property rights. Results obtained revealed that the awareness of forest laws and regulations cut across the socio-economic categories. Most of these laws and regulations that were considered to be necessary could also constitute disincentives to sustainable forest development. Three types of land tenure niches—private holdings, commons, and government reserves—exist in the state. These led to land fragmentations in which individuals are now left with small holdings. Individuals with small and medium landholdings found it difficult to invest in tree planting; hence, they meet their subsistence use of wood and non-wood forest products from diverse sources. Individuals with large landholdings were found cultivating cash tree crops; timber species were not cultivated though their wildlings were preserved. Also, when land is let or leased out, tenants were not allowed to invest in tree planting on such land.  相似文献   

我国旅游消费者权益保护的法律问题研究          下载免费PDF全文

范晓丹 《现代农业研究》2019,(2):114-115

随着国民经济的增长,人民的生活水平普遍得到了大幅度的提高,旅游行业借此发展 迅猛,逐步成为我国主流经济产业之一。然而由于旅游产业发展过快,也造成了其根基不稳,行 业经营者良莠不齐,法律规范不健全的现状,旅游消费者与旅游经营者的纠纷频发,旅游消费者 的合法权益得不到很好的保障。本文将通过对旅游消费者权益保护的法律问题进行分析,来完 善对旅游消费者权益的保障机制。  相似文献   

网络安全的隐患及管理          下载免费PDF全文

王忠亮 《现代农业研究》2019,(5):132-132

随着经济的发展,社会的进步,计算机技术得到了快速的发展,第三次科技革命促进全 国进入了计算机网络时代。我国接触计算机技术时间较短,但是也紧追时代的潮流,得到了快 速的发展,进入计算机时代得到的不仅仅只是机遇,越来越多的计算机网络安全问题涌现出来, 严重影响了我国计算机网络的安全稳定发展。本文主要就目前阶段计算机网络存在的问题展 开探究,找出造成网络安全的主要问题,并提出解决的措施。  相似文献