Cutting technic forPinus elliottii plantation of the multi-benefit management pattern     

Wang Qing-chun  Sun Hai-fang  Wu Cong-jian  Peng Qi-yun 《林业研究》2004,15(1):69-72

The cutting technic for thePinus elliottii plantation of the multi-benefit management pattern in the hilly region of Jiangxi Province was studied by establishing the model of growth progress according to Richards function and simulating the tending cutting on computer by use of dynamic programming. The results showed that the best time for the initial thinning was at tree age of 8–10 and final cutting was at tree age of 25. The optimal thinning project was 3 times of thinning cutting including the first thinning, and the thinning time was at tree ages of 8, 12 and 16, respectively. Their thinning intensities were separately 950, 700 and 300 trunks per hectare, and the preserved density was 550 trunks per hectare until the final cutting Foundation item: This study was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (A grant 0330023) Biography: WANG Qing-chun (1970-), male, Ph. Doctor, Senior Engineer in Academy of Forest Inventory & Planning, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330046, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Song Funan  相似文献   

Improving adoptability of farm forestry in the Philippine uplands: a linear programming model     

M. Bertomeu  M. Bertomeu  J. C. Giménez 《Agroforestry Systems》2006,68(1):81-91

In the Philippines, smallholder farmers have become major timber producers. But the systems of timber production practiced have several limitations. In intercropping systems, the practice of severe branch and/or root pruning reduces tree-crop competition and increases annual crop yields, but is detrimental to tree growth and incompatible with commercial timber production. In even-aged woodlots, lack of regular income and poor tree growth, resulting from farmers’ reluctance to thin their plantations, are major constraints to adoption and profitable tree farming. In the municipality of Claveria, Misamis Oriental, the recent practice of planting trees on widely spaced (6–8 m) contour grass strips established for soil conservation suggests ways to improve the adoptability (i.e., profitability, feasibility and acceptability) of timber-based agroforestry systems. Assuming that financial benefits are the main objective of timber tree farmers, we develop a simple linear programming (LP) model for the optimal allocation of land to monocropping and tree intercropping that maximizes the net present value of an infinite number of rotations and satisfies farmers’ resource constraints and regular income requirements. The application of the LP model to an average farmer in Claveria showed that cumulative additions of widely spaced tree hedgerows provides higher returns to land, and reduce the risk of agroforestry adoption by spreading over the years labour and capital investment costs and the economic benefits accruing to farmers from trees. Therefore, incremental planting of widely spaced tree hedgerows can make farm forestry more adoptable and thus benefit a larger number of resource-constrained farmers in their evolution towards more diverse and productive agroforestry systems.  相似文献   

A Danish example of optimal thinning strategies in mixed-species forest under changing growth conditions caused by climate change     

Jette Bredahl Jacobsen  Bo Jellesmark Thorsen 《Forest Ecology and Management》2003,180(1-3):375-388

In this study, we analyse the economic and managerial aspects of option values related to having a mixed-species stand. As an example, we look at a mixed Norway spruce and Sitka spruce stand in Denmark when timing and intensity of future climate, and its effect on tree growth, are uncertain. Assuming that tree growth follows a discrete non-stationary stochastic process, we use dynamic programming to optimise the harvest distribution between the two species.

The results show that facing growth uncertainty caused by potential climate change implies an option value. Such uncertainty can be a potential advantage as long as we are able to maintain flexibility, keep decisions open, and there is a chance that climatic change will benefit some species. We analyse the model under different uncertainty assumptions and show that the larger changes we expect, the higher is the option value at any time during the stand’s life and, hence, we keep, on average, both tree species in the stand for a longer period of time. Moreover, we find that the adjustments may take place rather late in the rotation, a result brought about by the significance of the option value, which makes it optimal to maintain a reasonable stocking of both species.  相似文献   

河南省林种结构调整的研究     

王丰军  张向阳等 《河南林业科技》1997,17(3):12-15

根据１９９３年省森林资源清查、森林资源消耗量及消耗结构的调查资料，以可持续发展的理论为指导，采用线性规划对我省的林种结构进行了研究。研究结果：河南省现阶段的林种结构应为：用材林∶防护林∶经济林∶薪炭林∶特用林＝３４９∶１５９∶２３７∶２１１∶４４。  相似文献   

山西石楼县生态林业工程建设中的土地合理利用     

史敏华 《防护林科技》2000,(4):4-6,14

根据区域生态经济学原理 ,结合晋西石楼县生态林业工程建设的实践 ,分析了县域土地资源利用现状 ,进行了土地利用多目标综合规划 ,阐述了生态林业工程土地合理利用的途径 ,并对其战略决策进行了分析。  相似文献   

Strategies of inorganic and organic trace mineral supplementation in gestating hyperprolific sow diets: effects on the offspring performance and fetal programming     

Sandra Villagmez-Estrada  Jos F Prez  Sandra van Kuijk  Diego Melo-Durn  Asal Forouzandeh  Francesc Gonzalez-Sol  Matilde D&#x;Angelo  Francisco J Prez-Cano  David Sol-Oriol 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(7)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of trace mineral nutrition on sow performance, mineral content, and intestinal gene expression of neonate piglets when inorganic mineral sources (ITM) were partially replaced by their organic mineral (OTM) counterparts. At 35 d postmating, under commercial conditions, a total of 240 hyperprolific multiparous sows were allocated into three experimental diets: 1) ITM: with Zn, Cu, and Mn at 80, 15, and 60 mg/kg, respectively; 2) partial replacement trace mineral source (Replace): with a 30 % replacement of ITM by OTM, resulting in ITM + OTM supplementation of Zn (56 + 24 mg/kg), Cu (10.5 + 4.5 mg/kg), and Mn (42 + 18 mg/kg); and 3) Reduce and replace mineral source (R&R): reducing a 50% of the ITM source of Zn (40 + 24 mg/kg), Cu (7.5 + 4.5 mg/kg), and Mn (30 + 18 mg/kg). At farrowing, 40 piglets were selected, based on birth weight (light: <800 g, and average: >1,200 g), for sampling. Since the present study aimed to reflect results under commercial conditions, it was difficult to get an equal parity number between the experimental diets. Overall, no differences between experimental diets on sow reproductive performance were observed. Light piglets had a lower mineral content (P < 0.05) and a downregulation of several genes (P < 0.10) involved in physiological functions compared with their average littermates. Neonate piglets born from Replace sows had an upregulation of genes involved in functions like immunity and gut barrier, compared with those born from ITM sows (P < 0.10), particularly in light piglets. In conclusion, the partial replacement of ITM by their OTM counterparts represents an alternative to the totally inorganic supplementation with improvements on neonate piglet gene expression, particularly in the smallest piglets of the litter. The lower trace mineral storage together with the greater downregulation of gut health genes exposed the immaturity and vulnerability of small piglets.  相似文献   

Low protein provision during the first year of life,but not during foetal life,affects metabolic traits,organ mass development and growth in male mink (Neovison vison)     

K. Vesterdorf  D. Blache  A. Harrison  C. F. Matthiesen  A.‐H. Tauson 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(2):357-372

Low protein provision in utero and post‐partum may induce metabolic disorders in adulthood. Studies in mink have mainly focused on short‐term consequences of low protein provision in utero whereas the long‐term responses to low protein (LP) provision in metabolically programmed mink are unknown. We investigated whether low protein provision in utero affects the long‐term response to adequate (AP) or LP provision after weaning in male mink. Eighty‐six male mink were exposed to low (19% of ME from CP; crude protein) or adequate (31% of ME from CP) protein provision in utero, and to LP (~20% of ME from CP) or AP (30–42% of ME from CP) provision post‐weaning. Being metabolically programmed by low protein provision in utero did not affect the response to post‐weaning diets. Dietary protein content in the LP feed after weaning was below requirements; evidenced by lower nitrogen retention (p < 0.001) preventing LP mink from attaining their growth potential (p < 0.02). LP mink had a lower liver, pancreas and kidney weight (p < 0.05) as well as lower plasma IGF‐1 concentrations at 8 and 25 (p < 0.05) weeks, and a higher incidence of hepatic lipidosis at 25 weeks (p < 0.05). Furthermore, LP mink had a higher body fat (p < 0.05) and lower body CP content (p < 0.05) at 50 weeks of age. It is concluded that some effects of low protein provision in utero can be alleviated by an adequate nutrient supply post‐partum. However, long‐term exposure to low protein provision in mink reduces their growth potential and induces transient hepatic lipidosis and modified body composition.  相似文献   

基于基因表达式编程的作物水分生产函数构建   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

苟嘉超  李越  任东阳  王容  蔡一杰  黄冠华 《农业工程学报》2022,38(7):100-109

作物水分生产函数的确定是农业水资源优化配置的关键。该研究采用农业水文生态系统模型（Agro-Hydrological & Chemical and Crop systems simulator, AHC）与基因表达式编程（Gene Expression Programming, GEP）相结合的方法构建作物水分生产函数。以河套灌区3种主要作物（葵花、玉米、小麦）为研究对象,采用AHC模型模拟作物产量等,构建基于GEP算法的作物水分生产函数,探讨考虑盐分胁迫的作物水分生产函数构建的思路与方法。结果表明：1）作物模拟产量与地下水埋深、地下水矿化度和灌水量等因素有关。2）构建作物水分生产函数的最优输入因子组合为地下水埋深、灌溉量、蒸散发、地下水矿化度、土壤根层盐分对作物胁迫因子、土壤根层含水率。3）应用作物水分生产函数估算不同灌溉定额条件下作物产量（预测产量）,并与AHC模型计算的产量（模拟产量）进行比较,玉米、葵花、小麦预测产量与模拟产量具有很好一致性,其决定系数分别是0.96、0.93、0.96,平均相对误差均小于5%,满足计算精度要求。因此,该研究所构建的作物水分生产函数可以较准确地估算盐分胁迫下作物产量,为农业节水与灌溉水高效利用提供科学参考。  相似文献   

气象实时数据监控程序的设计与开发     

秦虹 《安徽农业科学》2014,(27):9434-9436,9439

对上海气象信息与技术支持中心而言,原先的气象信息数据监控系统由于操作复杂而需要改进.新的监控系统开发使用delphi6.0语言和多线程技术,对自动站数据、雷达和卫星数据、MICAPS压缩数据和MICAPS解压数据这四类气象实时数据进行监控,以一体化的方式展现所有重要的监控信息,提高了工作效率.  相似文献   

规模水稻秧苗的运输优化研究     

傅克斌  于晓秋  李晓飞 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2014,(2):37-39

通过对规模水稻秧苗运输现状的阐述,了解规模水稻秧苗运输机械配套优化的薄弱问题。根据对规模水稻秧苗从大棚到本田运输系统的调研和分析,确定规模水稻秧苗运输的主要指标为载秧容量、运输距离、时间和路线等。以目标规划理论建立水稻秧苗大棚到本田的运输优化模型,并利用遗传算法求解得到优化方案,对提高规模水稻秧苗从大棚到本田运输效率具有重要的意义。  相似文献