临床医学系统术语SNOMED CT的特点及其应用     

钟伶  林丹红  林晓华 《农业环境科学学报》2007,(2)

SNOMED CT已经成为国际上广泛关注的一种医学参考术语与信息编码。介绍了SNOMED CT的发展历史，着重介绍与分析了其核心内容与特点，最后介绍了SNOMED CT的应用情况。  相似文献   

模拟冻融循环对黑土黏化层孔隙结构的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

夏祥友  王恩姮  杨小燕  陈祥伟 《北京林业大学学报》2015,37(6):70-76

以东北典型黑土区耕地土壤为研究对象,采用室内模拟冻融以及CT(Computerized tomography)扫描相结合的方法,通过孔隙数目、平均面积、成圆率3个指标的量化与分析,研究了冻融循环对黏化层土壤孔隙特征的影响规律,以期为探明该区土壤侵蚀机理提供科学依据。研究结果表明,冻融循环不同程度地降低了原状土和填充土的孔隙数目和面积,均在循环3次时达到最低值,冻融循环对≥5 mm孔隙影响较为明显。相对原状土而言,前期含水量对黏化层填充土柱孔隙特征的影响较小。黏化层结构对模拟冻融循环的响应特征印证了季节性冻融循环对黑土区黏化层可蚀性的影响,进而诱发土壤侵蚀、促进沟蚀发展的可能。   相似文献   

Revealing pore connectivity across scales and resolutions with X-ray CT     

Maik Lucas  Doris Vetterlein  Hans-Jörg Vogel  Steffen Schlüter 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(2):546-560

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X-ray computed tomography imaging of solute movement through ridged and flat plant systems     

Callum P. Scotson  Simon J. Duncan  Katherine A. Williams  Siul A. Ruiz  Tiina Roose 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(1):198-214

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利用计算机断层扫描技术研究土壤改良措施下土壤孔隙   总被引：12，自引：5，他引：7  

杨永辉  武继承  毛永萍  韩庆元  何方 《农业工程学报》2013,29(23):99-108

为探明不同土壤结构改良措施（秸秆覆盖、免耕、有机肥、保水剂）对土壤孔隙特征及分布的影响,采用计算机断层（computed tomography,CT）扫描法定量分析了土壤孔隙的数目、孔隙度及孔隙在土壤剖面上的分布特征。结果表明：不同措施均提高了土壤总孔隙数、大孔隙数及0.13～1.0 mm孔隙数,且其孔隙度也相应提高。同时孔隙成圆率也得到了改善。各处理中以有机肥和免耕处理效果较佳,其次为保水剂和秸秆覆盖,对照最低。此外,不同措施显著提高了土壤的田间持水量和＞0.25 mm 水稳性团聚体含量,降低了土壤容重,且各处理中,仍以有机肥和免耕处理效果最佳,其田间持水量分别较对照提高了15.9%和16.4%,而土壤容重较对照降低了6.8%和8.8%。相关分析表明：田间持水量、容重和＞0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量与土壤总孔隙度和大孔隙度呈显著或极显著正相关;而土壤容重对于总孔隙度和大孔隙度及孔隙成圆率呈显著负相关。  相似文献   

单轴压缩条件下岩石破损过程的CT试验分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘京红  姜耀东  赵毅鑫  吕玉凯 《河北农业大学学报》2008,31(4)

采用工业计算机层析(ICT)设备与全数字液压实验系统EHF-EG200KN试验机,对大台煤矿冲击倾向性煤层底板岩石试样进行了单轴压缩荷载作用下的CT试验,得到了单轴压缩荷载作用下不同应力阶段岩石试样微裂纹发展的CT图像。通过对CT图像灰度值的分析,得到单轴压缩荷载作用下岩石的损伤破裂过程。为进一步研究煤层底板岩石的破坏及冲击地压的发生机理提供依据。  相似文献   

DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY OF ULTRASOUND,RADIOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR GENDER DETERMINATION IN FOUR SPECIES OF LIZARDS          下载免费PDF全文

Francesco Di Ianni  Antonella Volta  Igor Pelizzone  Sabrina Manfredi  Giacomo Gnudi  Enrico Parmigiani 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(1):40-45

Gender determination is frequently requested by reptile breeders, especially for species with poor or absent sexual dimorphism. The aims of the current study were to describe techniques and diagnostic sensitivities of ultrasound, radiography, and computed tomography for gender determination (identification of hemipenes) in four species of lizards. Nineteen lizards of known sex, belonging to four different species (Pogona vitticeps, Uromastyx aegyptia, Tiliqua scincoides, Gerrhosaurus major) were prospectively enrolled. With informed owner consent, ultrasound, noncontrast CT, contrast radiography, and contrast CT (with contrast medium administered into the cloaca) were performed in conscious animals. Imaging studies were reviewed by three different operators, each unaware of the gender of the animals and of the results of the other techniques. The lizard was classified as a male when hemipenes were identified. Nineteen lizards were included in the study, 10 females and nine males. The hemipenes were seen on ultrasound in only two male lizards, and appeared as oval hypoechoic structures. Radiographically, hemipenes filled with contrast medium appeared as spindle‐shaped opacities. Noncontrast CT identified hemipenes in only two lizards, and these appeared as spindle‐shaped kinked structures with hyperattenuating content consistent with smegma. Hemipenes were correctly identified in all nine males using contrast CT (accuracy of 100%). Accuracy of contrast radiography was excellent (94.7%). Accuracy of ultrasound and of noncontrast CT was poor (64.3% and 63.1%, respectively). Findings from the current study supported the use of contrast CT or contrast radiography for gender determination in lizards.  相似文献   

MRI has limited agreement with CT in the evaluation of vertebral fractures of the canine trauma patient     

Aitor Gallastegui  Emma Davies  Allison L. Zwingenberger  Stephanie Nykamp  Mark Rishniw  Philippa J. Johnson 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(5):533-542

Complete assessment of vertebral trauma in dogs currently requires CT and MRI for evaluation of the osseous and soft tissue structures that contribute to vertebral stability. Some studies in people have suggested that MRI may be sensitive and specific at detecting vertebral fractures making this potentially a single modality that could be used in spinal trauma evaluation. This study aimed to assess the ability for observers to evaluate vertebral fractures using MRI when compared to CT, which was used as the reference standard. Twenty‐nine dogs with previously diagnosed acute vertebral fractures and four dogs with no vertebral fracture that had undergone sequential CT and MRI were included into the study. One hundred twenty‐eight vertebrae were evaluated for the presence of fractures. Imaging studies were read by two observers blinded to the history. While both observers had similarly high sensitivity and specificity for simple detection of any fractured vertebrae, interobserver agreement was only moderate (κ = 0.584). When evaluations were specifically limited to detection of structurally unstable fractured vertebrae both observers showed improved specificity and interobserver agreement became substantial (κ = 0.650). Complete agreement for exact fracture location between MRI and CT results was only achieved in 14.3‐32.6% of fractured vertebra with up to 79% of fractures being missed in some vertebral structures. This suggests that although MRI may be able to detect the presence of fractured vertebrae, it is not able to replace CT for the complete evaluation of the traumatized spine and documentation of fracture morphology.  相似文献   

黄土塬边坡植被类型对土壤孔隙的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

冯璐  丁康  屈媛媛  Farhat Ullah KHAN  杜峰  徐学选 《草业科学》2020,(4):625-634

黄土塬边坡植被建设以固坡为目的,不同植被的土壤孔隙结构有利于增加降水入渗,从而减少坡面产流的水蚀危害。本研究以长武塬黄土塬边坡的侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)林地、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)灌丛、草地和农地4种植被为研究对象,采集0–30 cm的原状土柱,利用CT扫描和图像处理技术,对其土壤孔隙度、孔隙数目、孔隙成圆率和孔隙分形维数进行定量分析,结合土层样品的理化性质,研究影响土壤孔隙结构的主要因素。结果表明,农地、侧柏孔隙的孔径大小分异不大,而草地、沙棘自身根系互动穿插生成的根孔扩展了孔径分布范围,不仅增加了孔隙度和大孔隙数目,也降低了孔隙成圆率。草地、沙棘有利于降水入渗,是固坡的优先选择。土壤有机质、粘粒含量等性质与孔隙参数之间具有极显著(P<0.001)或显著(P<0.05)相关关系,它们的改变对土壤孔隙特征变化和提高蓄水保土能力具有重要影响。  相似文献   

Quantifying the impact of microbes on soil structural development and behaviour in wet soils     

《Soil biology & biochemistry》2014

There is evidence that microbial populations play an important role in altering soil pore geometry, but a full understanding of how this affects subsequent soil behaviour and function is still unclear. In particular the role of microorganisms in soil structural evolution and its consequence for pore morphological development is lacking. Using a combination of bio-chemical measurements and X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) imaging, a temporal comparison of microscale soil structural development in contrasting soil environments was made. The aim was to quantify the effect of microbial activity in the absence of other features likely to cause soil deformation (e.g. earthworms, roots etc.) on soil structural development in wet soils, defined by changes in the soil porous architecture i.e. pore connectivity, pore shape and pore volume during a 24 week period. Three contrasting soil textures were examined and changes compared between field soil, sterilised soil and a glucose enhanced soil treatment. Our results indicate that soil biota can significantly alter their microhabitat by changing soil pore geometry and connectivity, primarily through localised gaseous release. This demonstrates the ability of microorganisms to modify soil structure, and may help reveal the scope by which the microbial-rich rhizosphere can locally influence water and nutrient delivery to plant roots.  相似文献