不同饵料及养殖环境对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)形态差异的影响          下载免费PDF全文

沈伟良  吴雄飞  申屠基康  林淑琴 《渔业科学进展》2017,38(6):70-77

本研究通过采集不同环境和不同饲料养殖的岱衢洋大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)形态数据,利用聚类分析、主成分分析以及判别分析对3组大黄鱼形态差异进行分析。结果显示,不同环境对大黄鱼体高、尾长存在显著影响,而不同饲料对大黄鱼体高、尾高、尾长、体厚存在显著影响,同时对D3–4、D3–6、D4–6、D5–6框架形态存在显著影响,差异主要集中于躯干前部。表明不同环境下大黄鱼形态变化可能与流速适应相关,而饵料对体型的影响可能是因为营养组成及物质积累的不同。聚类分析显示,配合饲料组与深水网箱组形态更接近,而与冰鲜饲料相距较远。通过主成分分析提取3个主成分,其中配合饲料组与深水网箱组在主成分1上相近,但在主成分3上存在差异,而冰鲜饲料组在各主成分上均离散,表明小网箱冰鲜饲料养殖大黄鱼形态分离较大,体型一致性低。利用判别分析,构建3种条件下大黄鱼体型判别函数,经交互验证,判别函数与预期无显著差异,可用于不同养殖模式大黄鱼的形态判别。本研究初步表明,通过改变养殖环境水流、养殖空间大小、饲料可在一定程度实现养殖大黄鱼形态改良。  相似文献   

Voracious invader or benign feline? A review of the environmental biology of European catfish Silurus glanis in its native and introduced ranges*     

Gordon H Copp  J Robert Britton  Julien Cucherousset  Emili García‐Berthou  Ruth Kirk  Edmund Peeler  Saulius Stakėnas 《Fish and Fisheries》2009,10(3):252-282

A popular species for food and sport, the European catfish (Silurus glanis) is well‐studied in its native range, but little studied in its introduced range. Silurus glanis is the largest‐bodied freshwater fish of Europe and is historically known to take a wide range of food items including human remains. As a result of its piscivorous diet, S. glanis is assumed to be an invasive fish species presenting a risk to native species and ecosystems. To assess the potential risks of S. glanis introductions, published and ‘grey’ literature on the species’ environmental biology (but not aquaculture) was extensively reviewed. Silurus glanis appears well adapted to, and sufficiently robust for, translocation and introduction outside its native range. A nest‐guarding species, S. glanis is long‐lived, rather sedentary and produces relatively fewer eggs per body mass than many fish species. It appears to establish relatively easily, although more so in warmer (i.e. Mediterranean) than in northern countries (e.g. Belgium, UK). Telemetry data suggest that dispersal is linked to flooding/spates and human translation of the species. Potential impacts in its introduced European range include disease transmission, hybridization (in Greece with native endemic Aristotle’s catfish [Silurus aristotelis]), predation on native species and possibly the modification of food web structure in some regions. However, S. glanis has also been reported (France, Spain, Turkmenistan) to prey intensively on other non‐native species and in its native Germany to be a poor biomanipulation tool for top‐down predation of zooplanktivorous fishes. As such, S. glanis is unlikely to exert trophic pressure on native fishes except in circumstances where other human impacts are already in force. In summary, virtually all aspects of the environmental biology of introduced S. glanis require further study to determine the potential risks of its introduction to novel environments.  相似文献   

泥蚶促熟技术   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李碧全  陈武各 《水产科技情报》2001,28(5):202-204

将泥蚶放在对虾池中蓄养，其性成熟比放养在自然海区的提前3个月，此法提早并延长了泥蚶的繁殖期，是提高泥蚶苗种产量和经济效益的重要手段之一。  相似文献   

4种饲料投喂对鲻(Mugil cephalus)生长及鱼体组成的影响          下载免费PDF全文

郭永坚  罗昭林  阴晓丽  李俊伟  朱长波  颉晓勇 《渔业科学进展》2015,36(1):48-53

以初始体重(25.0±1.59) g的鲻为研究对象,通过8周的生长实验,研究不同饲料投喂对鲻的生长及鱼体生化组成的影响。处理组分别为面粉组(T1)、米糠组(T2)、虾料组(T3)和鱼料组(T4)。研究结果显示,在室内水族缸内单一地使用面粉或米糠投喂,鲻几乎不生长,但仍能维持较高的成活率(>80%)。虾料组的特定生长率(1.46 %/d)和饲料效率(48.62%)均为各组最高,约为鱼料组的两倍,且两组的特定生长率和饲料效率均显著高于面粉组和米糠组(P<0.05)。面粉组和米糠组的周均日摄食量在第4周后迅速降低(<0.80 g/d),而整个养殖期间虾料组和鱼料组普遍高于0.80 g/d,且在第8周明显升高。养殖结束时全鱼的粗蛋白以米糠组最高(18.62%±1.36%),粗脂肪以虾料组最高(10.52%±0.36%)。面粉组有较明显的粗脂肪积累(8.01%±0.42%)。研究结果表明,碳水化合物(面粉)水平的提高会促进鲻全鱼脂肪的积累,用米糠代替配合饲料投喂时可维持鲻的粗蛋白含量水平。  相似文献   

Fattening performance and feed source preference of native Awassi lambs fed individually in a cafeteria feeding system     

Dikmen S  Ustuner H  Turkmen II  Ogan M 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(4):485-491

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of cafeteria (CF) and conventional (CN) feeding systems on feed intake, feed preferences with respect to voluntary feed source intake, feed conversion rate (FCR) and fattening performance of native Awassi lambs. Sixteen, 3 month old male lambs were used and kept individually for 70 days. Lambs in CF (n = 8) were offered to consume the main ingredients of barley, soybean meal (SBM), sunflower seed meal (SFM) and alfalfa straw, separately, while lambs in CN (n = 8) were fed with a concentrate feed containing 11.34 MJ/kg ME, 17.53% crude protein with the mixture of the same feed sources and alfalfa straw. The initial and final live weights of lambs were similar among groups (P > 0.05). Daily voluntary intake of ash, fat and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) consumptions among groups were quite different during the experiment (P < 0.001). Neither biweekly nor total results of voluntary protein intake between groups were not found statistically significant (P > 0.05). From beginning to the end of the study, the proportional barley intake increased 34 to 43% but reduced for SBM intake from 37 to 23% for the lambs in CF. On the other hand, the SFM intake of lambs did not changed significantly during the experiment and ranged between 2–5%. Lambs in CF did not consume SFM to meet their protein requirement and had 12.5% better total FCR result than the lambs in CN (6.86 and 7.84, respectively) (P > 0.05). The difference of average DWG, total live weight gain, final live weight of lambs in groups were similar (P > 0.05). In conclusion, Awassi lambs in CF can select a diet matching their nutritional requirements from a group of feed sources in response to their growth period when compared to CN system and better FCR result might help to decrease the feed expenses for fattening of native Awassi lambs.  相似文献   

Weight Gain and Insulin Sensitivity in Horses Fed Different Calorie Sources     

M. GordonM. Jerina  R. RaubA. Finzel  M. EngelJ. Lindemann 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009

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Effect of Trace Mineral Supplementation on Gastric Ulcers in Exercising Yearling Horses     

A.D. Hayes  D.H. Sigler  N.D. Cohen  C.A. Cavinder  P.G. Gibbs  C.K. Larson 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009

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日粮制粒对绵羊利用玉米秸秆的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王洪才 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(11):5003-5004

[目的]研究颗粒料对绵羊生产性能、经济效益及秸秆消化率的影响。[方法]将玉米秸秆与混合精料混合并添加营养性添加剂,在此基础上制成颗粒料,分别饲喂2组小尾寒羊,测定各营养物质的采食量、消化量和消化率。[结果]结果表明,日粮制粒能明显地提高绵羊对玉米秸秆的利用率和绵羊的生产性能。[结论]该研究制备的颗粒料能大幅度促进绵羊的生长。  相似文献   

新型食用蔬菜鸟巢蕨嫩叶营养成分检测     

徐诗涛  陈秋波  宋希强  于旭东  何荣晓  胡翔宇 《热带作物学报》2012,33(8):1487-1493

采用国家标准方法对鸟巢蕨嫩叶的营养成分进行测定,并与西芹、韭菜、生菜等7种对照栽培蔬菜进行比较分析.结果表明:鸟巢蕨中主要营养成分粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖、粗纤维和灰分的含量分别为样品鲜重的2.82％、2.59％、1.56％、1.16％和1.21％.鸟巢蕨含有18种氨基酸,接近FAO/WHO推荐的理想蛋白模式标准;鸟巢蕨的p-胡萝卜素含量为10.4 μg/g;维生素A含量为9.9 μg/g,维生素B含量为0.7μg/g;维生素C含量为791.2 μg/g.鸟巢蕨的矿质元素含量丰富,P和K含量分别为860、4 921μg/g,微量元素Zn含量为5 μg/g,Mn含量为9.9 μg/g,Cu含量为19.1 μg/g.鸟巢蕨的营养价值在多方面均优于7种对照蔬菜.鸟巢蕨是一种符合现代营养学对健康食品要求的药食同源的功能性野生蔬菜.本研究为鸟巢蕨作为野生蔬菜栽培利用和野生资源保护提供了一定的科学依据.  相似文献   

味精的毒副作用研究概况     

巩江  倪士峰  崔超  骆蓉芳  路锋  陈星宇  张敏 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(14):7351-7352

在广泛文献检索基础上,对味精的定义、分类和工艺过程、药理及毒副作用进行了探究,为饮食健康提供科学参考。  相似文献