不同氮钾水平对番茄产量、品质及蔗糖代谢的影响   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

齐红岩  李天来  周璇  富宏丹 《中国农学通报》2005,21(11):251-251

以“辽园多丽”番茄为试材,在日光温室内桶栽条件下,研究不同氮钾水平对番茄产量、品质以及蔗糖代谢的影响。结果表明：土壤中适量的氮肥配施钾肥不仅可明显促进番茄植株的营养生长,促进番茄丰产形态的建立,使产量提高,而且还可提高果实中可溶性糖含量及糖酸比,降低有机酸含量,从而提高番茄的品质。但过量施用氮肥对番茄各器官生长发育、产量以及糖分积累均不利。同时,钾离子对蔗糖代谢的相关酶具有重要的调节作用。增施钾素,提高了蔗糖代谢相关酶的活性,促进了光合产物的合成和运输,同时也促进了成熟果实中蔗糖的代谢。而氮素过高或过低均对  相似文献   

盐胁迫对苗期番茄蔗糖代谢的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李伟  姜晶  李天来 《中国农学通报》2005,21(12):184-184

研究了不同浓度盐胁迫下番茄苗期蔗糖代谢相关酶（转化酶、蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶）的活性变化与糖积累的关系。结果表明：盐胁迫在一定程度上可以提高番茄幼苗体内的果糖和葡萄糖含量,降低蔗糖的含量。短期盐胁迫可以提高番茄幼苗体内转化酶的活性,使相应的可溶性酸性转化酶mRNA水平提高,处理后期转化酶活性及可溶性酸性转化酶mRNA水平下降;蔗糖合成酶和蔗糖磷酸合成酶的活性降低,但与对照之间的差异不显著;表明盐胁迫主要通过调节转化酶表达与活性变化来影响番茄苗期的蔗糖代谢水平。  相似文献   

资源植物野生金荞麦的研究进展   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

刘光德  李名扬  祝钦泷  李艳冬  眭顺照 《中国农学通报》2006,22(10):380-380

中国地大物博,有30000多种高等植物,居北半球之首,其中资源植物十分丰富,也是天然药物主产国之一。自20世纪70年代以来,中国的资源植物研究尤其是药用植物的研究发展迅猛,近20年来,从天然产物中开发各种新药成为世界科学家研究的热点。中国是世界荞麦的起源中心,也是遗传多样性中心。野生金荞麦（Fagopyrum dibotrys）系蓼科荞麦属多年生草本植物,原产于中国西南,分布于陕西、江苏、浙江、江西、河南、湖北、湖南、广西、广东、四川、重庆及云南等省区,是一种营养丰富并具有重要药用价值的资源植物。野生金荞麦中蕴涵着丰富的优异基因,作为中国重要的传统中药材,金荞麦的块根活性提取物（植物次生代谢产物）具有显著的抗癌,抑制肿瘤细胞肺侵袭和转移,以及消炎抗菌等重要作用,是多种有效药物的主要成分之一。除此之外,由于其籽粒蛋白质的组分全,必需氨基酸含量高,富含维生素和微量元素,使其成为一种较理想的保健食品的选用成分。目前,由于人工栽培产量的限制,加之栽培品种在营养价值上、药用有效活性成分和效价上均低于野生品种,这就造成了对野生金荞麦资源的大量需求,从而对野生资源造成了极大的破坏。鉴于此,中国现已将其列为国家二级保护植物。国内外已经展开了资源收集、多样性、生理特性、育种、药效学以及生态环境等方面的研究,基于活性成分合成的功能基因的研究,国内外还未见报道,为了进一步开发野生金荞麦的利用价值,发掘其优异的功能基因,并保护其野生基因资源,综述了野生金荞麦在本草、原植物分类及分布、多样性、核形、化学及功能成分、药理药效、生态环境、栽培及组织培养方面研究的新进展,并从基础研究、组织培养、基因工程、抗癌机理研究、育种研究、保健品开发等方面作了展望。  相似文献   

Biocontrol of the pathogen Phytophthora parasitica by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is a consequence of effects on infection loci   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

C. Vigo  J. R. Norman  J. E. Hooker † 《Plant pathology》2000,49(4):509-514

The impact of colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus mosseae on tomato root necrosis caused by the soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora parasitica was investigated. Studies in situ permitted infection loci to be identified and the effects of the AMF on numbers to be elucidated. Effects were significant and, 7 and 16 days after inoculation with zoospores of the pathogen, roots of plants colonized by the AMF had 39% and 30%, respectively, fewer infection loci than those that were not. Concurrent studies of the rate of spread of necrosis within roots showed no changes caused by the AMF. At harvest, 26 days following inoculation with the pathogen, 61% of roots of noncolonized plants were necrotic compared with only 31% in AMF-colonized plants. It is concluded that effects on numbers of infection loci are one mechanism via which AMF achieve biocontrol of this pathogen in tomato. Measures of the effects of the AMF on root system architecture suggest that no significant changes occur and are thus not the reasons for the reduction in infection loci. The implications of these data for agricultural practice and biocontrol research are discussed.  相似文献   

大野荞种子中的谷草转氨酶同工酶研究     

彭建  陈庆富 《贵州农业科学》2010,38(3)

为研究大野荞的遗传变异及其与栽培荞麦的关系,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,以甜荞(Fagopyrumesculetun)和苦荞(F.tataricum)为对照,对大野荞(F.megaspartanium)不同收集系合计24份栽培和野生荞麦种子的谷草转氨酶同工酶进行了研究。结果表明:谷草转氨酶同工酶酶带共8条。不同物种的酶带数为3～6条,甜荞和苦荞分别有3条和4～5条,其特征谱带分别为GOT-2和GOT-1。而大野荞有3～6条,18个大野荞收集系可分为3类:类I,含甜荞特征谱5GOT-2,不含苦荞特征谱5GOT-1,绝大多数大野荞收集系(W1～W8、W10～W13、W15、W17、W18)是这种类型;类Ⅱ,含苦荞特征谱5GOT-1,但不含甜荞特征谱5GOT-2,仅包含原产湖北和湖南的收集系W9和W14;类Ⅲ为既含苦荞特征谱5GOT-1,也含甜荞特征谱5GOT-2,包含的大野荞收集系为原产湖南的W16。试验所用的3个荞麦种类(甜荞、苦荞、大野荞)几乎都含有谱带GOT-4和GOT-5。结果显示,大野荞遗传多样性相对较丰富。  相似文献   

普通荞麦种内丝裂原活化蛋白激酶序列分析     

梁成刚  陈晴晴  石桃雄  陈其皎  孟子烨  陈庆富 《华南农业大学学报》2016,37(4):90-96

【目的】比较普通荞麦Fagopyrum esculentum种内丝裂原活化蛋白激酶基因(MAPK)序列的差异,研究MAPK基因序列在普通荞麦栽培进化过程中的变化。【方法】以普通荞麦的9个栽培品种和3个落花落果野生种质为材料,PCR特异性扩增获得MAPK基因的保守片段,对基因片段序列进行差异分析和蛋白结构预测。【结果】荞麦MAPK基因cDNA全长为2 835 bp,开放阅读框1 827 bp,编码609个氨基酸,含有TDY的三肽模块,为植物D组MAPK蛋白。PCR扩增获得12个供试材料的MAPK序列,其单型不变位点为723个,多态位点为70个。9个栽培品种间开放阅读框(ORF)区域无序列差异,3个野生种质间ORF区域也无序列差异。栽培品种与野生品种的ORF区域序列含有8个差异位点,编码3个差异氨基酸。其中,ORF区域第13位点组氨酸(H)→酪氨酸(Y)发生置换,导致1个α-螺旋构象发生变化。【结论】普通荞麦MAPK基因序列高度保守,栽培驯化对ORF区域第13位点差异氨基酸的选择具有高度一致性。  相似文献   

辽宁近海渔场海蜇增殖放流的回顾与发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁维波  姜连新  于深礼 《水产科学》2007,26(7):423-424

辽宁近海渔场海蜇放流经过1988-1993年、2004年在海洋岛渔场和2002年在辽东湾各渔场的增殖试验与2005-2006年的生产性增殖放流,探索了放流海域选择、放流时间和放流规格,跟踪监测技术,回捕效果检验等相关技术。笔者就海蜇增殖放流情况作系统回顾,并对其大规模发展做以探讨。  相似文献   

番茄远缘杂交的研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

吴定华  梁树南 《园艺学报》1992,19(1):41-46

  相似文献   

A coating composed of chitosan and Cymbopogon citratus (Dc. Ex Nees) essential oil to control Rhizopus soft rot and quality in tomato fruit stored at room temperature     

A.J.A.A. Athayde  P.D.L. de Oliveira  I.C.D. Guerra  M.L. da Conceição  M.A.B. de Lima  N.M.O Arcanjo 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2016,91(6):582-591

This study evaluated the efficacy of the combined application of chitosan (CHI) and Cymbopogon citratus (Dc. Ex Nees) (lemongrass) essential oil (CCEO) to control Rhizopus stolonifer in fresh tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit at room temperature (25°C) storage. The effects of the treatment (CHI and CCEO) on some quality characteristics of the fruit, namely weight loss, firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, ascorbic acid, color, and sensory acceptability were also assessed. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of CHI and CCEO against R. stolonifer were 8 mg/mL and 5 µL/mL, respectively. Subinhibitory concentrations of CHI and CCEO (CHI 4 mg/mL, CCEO 1.25 µL/mL), alone and in combination, inhibited fungal spore germination and damaged spore membrane integrity. The CHI-CCEO coating decreased the severity of Rhizopus soft rot in tomato fruit; however, the coating more strongly delayed the infection when the fruit were artificially contaminated after coating application. The application of the coating preserved the general quality of tomato fruit as measured using a variety of physicochemical and sensory attributes. These results indicate that coatings composed of CHI and CCEO could represent promising postharvest treatments to inhibit Rhizopus soft rot in tomato fruit.  相似文献   

Effects of uniconazole or gibberellic acid application on the lignin metabolism in relation to lodging resistance of culm in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.)          下载免费PDF全文

Y. Zhang  K. Huang  Y. Zhang  Y. Li  J. Nie  H. She  R. Ruan  X. Yuan  Z. Yi 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2018,204(4):414-423

Lignin plays an important role in increasing the mechanical intensity of culm and improving lodging resistance of culm. In this study, three common buckwheat, Youqiao2 (lodging‐tolerant cultivar; YQ2), Ningqiao1 (middle lodging‐tolerant cultivar; NQ1) and Ukraine daliqiao (lodging‐susceptible cultivar; UD), were used to investigate the effects of spraying exogenous hormones uniconazole (S‐3307) or gibberellic acid (GA3) on lignin metabolism and its relation to lodging resistance in the three common buckwheat cultivars. Results showed that application of S‐3307 significantly increased lignin content and its related enzymes activities of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL), 4‐hydroxy cinnamoyl CoA ligase (4CL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and peroxidase (POD). The major genes involved in lignin synthesis, PAL, CCR (cinnamyl CoA reductase), C4H (cinnamate4‐hydroxylase), 4CL and CCoAOMT (caffeoyl CoA O‐methyltransferase), were all upregulated expression, and COMT (catechol‐O‐methyltransferase) was downregulated. What is more, application of S‐3307 significantly improved the resistance of common buckwheat stem to lodging and increased yield. Whereas, spraying with GA3 caused opposite effect on those characteristics. These results suggested that application of exogenous S‐3307 or GA3 significantly changed the risk of lodging occurred by regulating the lignin metabolism in culms of common buckwheat.  相似文献