Future of land use in Australia: An economic perspective     

C. Mues  D. Peterson  T. Walshaw  P. Morris 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》1994,5(2):127-141

It is proposed that the standard economist's model of optimum land use is extended to include the interaction with land cover and land condition. Such a model allows consideration of the influence of market factors and government policies and programmes on land use patterns and management practices, and the feedback effect on land cover and land condition. Recent developments in the approach to modelling land condition, which include the joint consideration of economic factors and physical processes, are discussed. Factors affecting the pattern of agricultural land use in Australia are then reviewed. The importance of considering economic and physical interactions when assessing land use patterns is increasingly being recognized in research and policy development. If research is to meet the needs of land managers in the future then economists and physical scientists will need to integrate their data modelling capabilities in order to address natural resource management issues.  相似文献   

Studies of the causes of soil erosion on marl soils in northern Algeria: The role of traditional soil tillage     

D. Prinz  D. Gomer  S. Belz 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》1994,5(4):271-280

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坡地生物篱和缓坡地等高种植技术集成总结   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周艳华 《广西农学报》2006,21(6):25-27

灌阳县由于降雨时空分布不均,造成秋冬季节干旱严重,直接影响水果产量和品质.2005年6月在灌阳县灌阳镇和观音阁乡园地中,采用营造生物篱、等高种植、生物覆盖、滴灌等旱作节水农业技术措施,建立集成技术示范园,核心示范面积539亩.经过一年的实施,示范区水土流失明显减少,水果产量、品质明显提高.  相似文献   

浑善达克沙地东部地区天然水体的水化学组成及其控制因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

任孝宗  李建刚  刘敏  李继彦 《干旱区研究》2019,36(4):791-800

浑善达克沙地东部地区位于内蒙古高原,其天然水体为淡水。利用原始型Durov三线图对其天然水体进行水化学分类,结果表明,地表水水化学类型属于碳酸氢盐组,而地下水属于碳酸氢盐组、混合组和硫酸盐组多种类型。天然水体样品在Gibbs图中的分布表明,岩性控制是形成该地区天然水体水化学组成的主要因素,这种情况不同于我国西部和中部沙漠由于蒸发强烈而受控于蒸发-结晶作用的天然水体。天然水体的离子比例关系表明,地下水中蒸发盐岩和硅酸盐岩的风化程度较高,而碳酸盐岩风化程度低,这可能是由于地下水的水-岩作用时间长、二氧化碳供给不充分引起的;相反,由于水-岩作用时间短、二氧化碳供给充分,地表水中蒸发盐岩和硅酸盐岩的风化程度较低,而碳酸盐岩风化程度高。  相似文献   

基于AHP的土地整理综合效益评价实证研究   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

覃事娅  尹惠斌 《河北农业科学》2007,11(2):93-96

运用AHP,从社会、经济、生态和景观4个方面构建了土地整理综合效益评价指标体系,并对湖南省5个土地整理项目的综合效益进行了定量评价.结果表明:江华县涛圩镇土地整理项目综合效益较好,应尽快实施;其他4个项目综合效益一般,可根据实际情况择优实施.  相似文献   

耕地细碎化、耕地质量认知与化肥施用效率 ——基于湖北省水稻种植户的调查数据   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

蔡啸宇  张俊飚  王璇 《农业现代化研究》2021,42(5):869-879

在中国倡导农业农村绿色发展的大背景下,化肥投入的政策导向逐渐由增量增产转变为减量增效,如何提高化肥施用效率成为当前重点关注的问题。本文依据湖北省水稻种植户微观调查数据,运用随机前沿法测算水稻种植户化肥施用效率,并在此基础上运用CLAD模型进一步分析耕地细碎化程度与耕地质量认知对化肥施用效率的影响。结果表明:当前水稻种植户化肥施用效率仅为63.85%,若完全消除效率损失,化肥施用效率仍有36.15%的提升空间;耕地细碎化程度显著降低了化肥施用效率,可能与农户的避险行为有关;耕地质量认知显著促进了化肥施用效率提升,说明农户对耕地质量的科学认识能够改善化肥施用效率。因此,提出加快耕地整合与耕地连片经营法律法规建设,加速耕地细碎化治理经验与创新结合,加强引导农户对化肥施用的正确认知,推行科学种植生产模式以提升化肥施用效率的政策建议。  相似文献   

Logging pattern and landscape changes over the last century at the boreal and deciduous forest transition in Eastern Canada   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Yan Boucher  Dominique Arseneault  Luc Sirois  Louis Blais 《Landscape Ecology》2009,24(2):171-184

Forestry practices associated with the industrial era (since ~1900) have altered the natural disturbance regimes and greatly impacted the world’s forests. We quantified twentieth century logging patterns and regional scale consequences in three sub-boreal forest landscapes of Eastern Canada (117,000, 49,400 and 92,300 ha), comparing forestry maps depicting age and forest cover types for early industrial (1930) and present-day (2000) conditions. Results were similar for the three landscapes, indicating large-scale forest change during the twentieth century. In 1930, previous logging activities had been concentrated in the lowlands and along the main hydrographical network, as compared to a more even distribution over the landscapes in 2000, reflecting a decreasing influence of the environmental constraints on forest harvesting. In 1930, old-aged forests (>100 years) accounted for more than 75% of the unlogged areas of the three landscapes, as compared to less than 15% for the present-day conditions. Logging practices have thus inverted the stand age distribution of the landscapes that are currently dominated by young and regenerating stands. The 1930 forest cover types showed a clear relationship with elevation, with conifers located in the lowlands and mixed and deciduous stands restricted to the upper slopes. Between 1930 and 2000, 58–64% of the conifer areas transformed to mixed and deciduous forests, such that no clear altitudinal relationships remained in 2000. We conclude that twentieth century logging practices have strongly altered the preindustrial vegetation patterns in our study area, to the point that ecosystem-based management strategies should be developed to restore conifer dominance, altitudinal gradients, as well as the irregular structure inspired from old forest stands.  相似文献   

河流故道区梨树-药材立体种植技术研究及分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵斌  王红  张爱军  李英丽  周大迈 《北方园艺》2009,(6)

河流故道区梨园内间作不同药材,研究立体模式种植技术及环境效益。结果表明：梨树-半夏复合系统中,间作半夏不会造成梨减产,半夏株行距3 cm×15 cm时,产量最高563.2kg/hm^2、收获指数最高4.6、商品指数最高57%。梨树-防风复合系统中,行距为40 cm时,防风产量最高21 610.8 kg/hm^2,收获指数最高9.3、商品指数最高100%。梨树-紫菀复合系统中,提出了氮、磷、钾肥料合理配比的施用量为1 hm^2中N∶P2O5∶K2O为115.8∶292.5∶303.5,紫菀产量为16 049.69 kg/hm^2,紫菀铜含量各处理间无显著差异。对3种复合系统进行土地利用价值分析。结果表明：梨树-半夏的LER为1.8最大,梨树-紫菀的LER为1.4最低。  相似文献   

农业综合开发土地治理项目施工合同签订方式的分析     

张刚毅 《农机具之友》2009,(3):9-10

农业综合开发土地治理项目是国家支持“三农”的一种重要手段．由于该项目存在着施工环境复杂、资金限额控制等因素,项目的投资控制和管理有一定的难度和特殊性,在总结项目管理的基础上．针对项目实际,对项目施工合同签订方式进行必要分析和比较．以实现对项目的有效管理。  相似文献   

椰子可可间作下种植密度对作物产量及经济效益的影响     

赵溪竹  刘立云  王华  朱自慧  赖剑雄 《热带作物学报》2015,36(6):1043-1047

研究椰子可可间作条件下,不同种植密度可可对椰子和可可产量及经济效益的影响。试验共设7个处理：在椰园间作不同密度的可可2.0 m×2.0 m（A）、3.0 m×2.0 m（B）和3.0 m×3.0 m（C）,以单作椰子6.0 m×6.0 m（CN）和单作可可2.0 m×2.0 m（CA）、3.0 m×2.0 m（CB）和3.0 m×3.0 m（CC）为对照。结果表明：间作不同密度的可可均显著提高椰子叶片全氮、全磷和全钾等养分含量;间作园土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾等养分含量均显著高于单作椰园;间作可可使椰子产量显著提高,间作可可产量高于单作可可,但差异不显著;处理C的产投比和土地当量比较高。在海南椰园,采用3.0 m×3.0 m的密度间种可可有利于经济效益提高,并起到节本增效的作用。  相似文献