冬小麦精准追肥机专家决策系统   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈满  施印炎  汪小旵  孙国祥  李雪 《农业机械学报》2015,46(7):17-22

为了实现小麦生长过程中的实时变量追肥,研究了光谱数据处理策略及目标追肥量的计算模型,开发了基于近地光谱探测技术的实时变量追肥专家决策系统,结合小麦冠层归一化植被指数(NDVI)、追肥机实际行进速度和肥料反馈量,双通道独立控制施肥机构的转速和开度,从而实时调整追肥量,实现精准变量追肥。试验结果表明,专家决策系统的控制精度达到90%以上,可以满足精准追肥的要求;拔节期,变量追肥比定量均匀施肥增施氮肥28 kg/hm2左右;变量施肥有利于改善小麦群体结构,降低产量差异性。  相似文献   

北京生态涵养区农民增收长效机制研究     

汪海燕  李志荣  李伟伟 《安徽农业科学》2011,(8):4918-4921

介绍了北京生态涵养区农民增收的基本情况,分析了制约农民增收的主要原因,并提出了促进生态涵养区农民增收的长效机制。  相似文献   

水稻氮肥利用效率的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵琦 《中国稻米》2016,(6):15-19

我国水稻生产发展迅速,氮肥的使用起了重要作用,但我国氮肥利用率却明显低于世界平均水平。这不仅严重影响我国水稻生产整体竞争力,还会引发一系列环境问题。本文综述了氮对水稻生长的影响,以及影响水稻对氮肥吸收的各种因素,并就如何提高我国水稻氮肥利用效率展开讨论,以期为提高我国氮肥利用水平和农民增产增收提供参考。  相似文献   

变量技术在农业机械上的应用   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

胡志超  田立佳  彭宝良  吴峰  王海鸥 《农机化研究》2009,31(4)

变量技术在农业生产中越来越受到欢迎,已开始在耕作、播种、杂草管理、施肥、病虫害控制、栽培以及灌溉等生产作业中得到应用.为此,介绍了变量作业系统的组成和工作原理;分析了我国变量技术在农业机械上的研究现状,为变量技术在农业机械上的推广应用提供依据.  相似文献   

优化施肥对大豆氮素积累及产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王海艳  孙超  罗盛国  刘元英 《东北农业大学学报》2012,43(4):11-15

采用大田试验方法,在两种密度(28、33万株.hm-2)条件下,研究了优化施肥对大豆不同器官的含氮量、氮积累量及产量的影响。结果表明,优化施肥显著提高了大豆植株R6期的含氮量,在高密度条件下,叶片含氮量提高了10.6%,茎秆含氮量提高了11.3%(P<0.05)。优化施肥显著增加了R2~R6阶段的氮素积累,其中R4~R6阶段高密度条件下氮积累量提高了41.4%(P<0.01)。R2~R6阶段的氮素积累与产量呈显著正相关。高密度条件下,优化施肥的产量比常规施肥提高了10.5%(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

中稻高产施肥技术     

谢保忠  陈蔚  王万福  张绍安 《现代农业科技》2012,(5):118

综述了中稻高产施肥的关键技术,包括秧田合理施肥、大田施足基肥、科学安排大田各生育阶段施肥比例、看苗巧施穗粒肥等内容,以期指导中稻的合理施肥。  相似文献   

Effects of bark mulch and npk fertilizer on yield,leaf nutrient status and soil mineral nitrogen during three years of strawberry production     

Anita Sønsteby  Arnfinn Nes  Finn Måge 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):128-134

The effects of bark mulch and NPK fertilizers on yield and leaf and soil nutrient status of ‘Korona’ strawberry plants (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.), were studied over a period of three years. A significant effect of mulching was found in the first harvest year, but additional fertilizer did not affect total yield. Bark mulch slightly decreased the level of leaf nitrogen, but increased the level of leaf phosphorus and potassium in all years. Bark had a significant, negative effect on soil nitrate and ammonium content in the two first seasons. Mulching increased the soil moisture content in all years.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of Reproductive Thermotolerance in Gossypium hirsutum: The Effect of Genotype and Exogenous Calcium Application     

J. L. Snider  D. M. Oosterhuis  E. M. Kawakami 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2011,197(3):228-236

Although photosynthetic thermotolerance has been investigated extensively in cotton leaves, reports on the biochemical influence of the pistil in promoting fertilization thermostability are limited. To evaluate the effect of temperature, genotype, and exogenous calcium application on fertilization and pistil biochemistry in cotton, thermosensitive (cv. ST4554 B2RF) and thermotolerant (cv. VH260) plants were grown under control (30/20 °C) or high‐temperature (38/20 °C) conditions during flowering, and exogenous CaCl₂ was applied to flowers 1 day prior to anthesis. Measured pistil parameters included fertilization efficiency; protein concentration; glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and NADPH oxidase activities; and ATP and calcium levels. Exogenous calcium had no effect on reproductive thermostability due to poor calcium uptake under high temperature. High temperature resulted in a 19.2 % decline in fertilization efficiency for ST4554 but no change in fertilization efficiency for VH260 relative to optimal temperature conditions. Pre‐stress glutathione reductase and SOD activities were higher in VH260 than ST4554 pistils, and calcium and ATP content were higher in VH260 than ST4554 pistils. It was concluded that pre‐stress antioxidant enzyme activity, ATP and calcium content of the pistil may be associated with reproductive thermotolerance in cotton. These findings should be confirmed in future experiments with a larger number of cultivars.  相似文献   

泗阳县玉米测土配方施肥试验     

田胜营  吕秀敏  董磊 《现代农业科技》2023,(21)

为明确测土配方技术在泗阳地区玉米生产过程中的实际效果，通过田间试验对玉米生育期、产量构成和效益等进行了对比分析。试验结果显示：采用14.8-9-8的肥料配比能显著提升玉米肥料利用率，提高产量和收益。相较常规施肥，测土配方施肥对玉米生育期影响较小，但玉米穗粒数和千粒重提升效果显著，分别提升了1.88%和3.89%；测土配方施肥的氮、磷、钾肥利用率和养分平均利用率分别为40.77%、28.02%、51.18%，相较常规施肥分别提升了11.55%、4.07%、21.46%，养分平均利用率提升了12.36%；测土配方施肥籽粒产量为9535.04kg/ha，相较常规施肥增产429.99kg，增产率为4.72%，纯收益每公顷提升1269.60元。  相似文献   

肥水措施对小麦穗部性状抗低温冷害的影响     

郭春强  ;曹燕燕  ;罗鹏  ;葛昌斌  ;黄杰  ;黄全民 《山东农业科学》2014,(6):59-60

研究了水肥调控下小麦拔节后低温冷害对其穗部性状的影响。结果表明,灌2水(越冬水、拔节水)和灌1水(越冬水)比不灌水平均穗粒数分别增加25.81%和19.89%;施用专用有机肥比不施平均穗粒数增加6.53%。  相似文献