LED补光对亚洲薄荷自然香气成分的影响     

吴怡  李玉红  姚雷 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2017,(2):82-88

为研究亚洲薄荷(Mentha arvensis)的自然香气成分和LED(light emitting diode)补光对其的影响,采用动态顶空法采集植株香气,结合全自动热脱附-气相色谱/质谱联用技术,对不同光质(红光、蓝光、白光)和光强(80、160μmol/m~2/s)的LED补光条件下亚洲薄荷的香气成分进行了测定与分析。结果表明,其自然香气主要由萜烯类、醇类、酮类等组成,共鉴定出66种挥发性成分,各组共同含有的成分为56种,其中l-薄荷醇、胡薄荷酮、d-柠檬烯、异薄荷醇为香气主成分,这4种化合物的相对含量之和在R1(红光,80μmol/m~2/s)、R2(红光,160μmol/m~2/s)、B1(蓝光,80μmol/m~2/s)、B2(蓝光,160μmol/m~2/s)、W1(白光,80μmol/m~2/s)、W2(白光,160μmol/m~2/s)组中分别为37.16%、43.58%、33.13%、41.39%、40.06%、45.55%,显著高于对照组(仅荧光灯,30μmol/m~2/s)的14.96%。LED补光能显著增加亚洲薄荷自然香气中l-薄荷醇、胡薄荷酮和异薄荷醇的释放量,相同光质下,3种成分的释放量随光照的增强均有一定程度增加,其中R2组(红光,120μmol/m~2/s)增加最为显著,3种成分的释放量分别为对照组的5.88、10.63和33.03倍。  相似文献   

鲜(干)薄荷叶、薄荷花及花苞挥发油的GC-MS比较分析     

孟宪鑫  赵亮  宋宁  杨广德 《中国林副特产》2019,(3):1-3,6

比较分析新鲜、干燥的薄荷叶、薄荷花及花苞的挥发油化学成分.采用挥发油提取法提取薄荷叶、薄荷花及薄荷花苞的挥发油,用GC-MS进行分析鉴定.实验结果表明:从薄荷叶、薄荷花、薄荷花苞中共检测出28种化学成分,含有许多烯、醇及酮类物质,主要由1-薄荷醇、胡薄荷酮、萜品烯、β-石竹烯和桉叶油醇组成.薄荷花与花苞同薄荷叶的化合物基本相同,干燥薄荷样品特征化合物如1-薄荷醇、胡薄荷酮和异薄荷酮的相对成分较新鲜的含量更多,α-律草烯和反式松香芹醇为花苞独有.  相似文献   

Effect of three Greek arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in improving the growth,nutrient concentration,and production of essential oils of oregano and mint plants     

N. Karagiannidis  T. Thomidis  D. Lazari  E. Panou-Filotheou  C. Karagiannidou 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been widely used in agriculture to improve the cultivation of many crops. One of the aims of this study was the isolation and molecular identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from mountain areas of Northern Greece (Ritini Pieria, Elatochori Pieria, Ambelakia Ossa). Only three isolates were obtained; two of Glomus etunicatum and one of G. lamellosum. The second objective of this study was to investigate the effect of these arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the concentration of macro- and micronutrients in tissues, the quantity and quality of essential oils and the growth of oregano and mint plants (two widely used aromatic plants in Greece). It was found that mycorrhizal oregano and mint plants had a higher content of essential oils and nutrient elements, and grew better than non-mycorrhizal plants. In addition, the composition of the essential oil in mycorrhizal plants differed from the oil of non-mycorrhizal plants. These results suggest that the use of mycorrhizal fungi may allow plant growth in low fertility soils, reduce fertilizer inputs and increase aromatic plant production of essential oils, They also indicate that it may be possible to use mycorrhizae to affect the quality of the essential oil produced.  相似文献   

Salt effect on yield and composition of shoot essential oil and trichome morphology and density on leaves of Mentha pulegium     

Najoua Karray-Bouraoui  Mokded Rabhi  Manel Neffati  Barbara Baldan  Annamaria Ranieri  Brahim Marzouk  Mokhtar Lachal  Abderrazak Smaoui 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(3):338-343

The aim of the present work was to study salt effect on the yield and composition of shoot essential oil (EO) and the structures responsible for its biosynthesis in Mentha pulegium L. Shoot EO was extracted by hydrodistillation and composition was determined by GC–MS method. Apical and basal leaves were taken for microscopy analyses; small fresh samples were observed directly without fixation or metallisation with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and stereomicroscope (SM). Fresh separate epidermis was used for light microscopy (LM). Salt stress enhanced EO yield by about 2.75 times and affected the percentage of menthone, which is the major compound (51%), increasing that of pulegone. Menthone, pulegone, and neomenthol constituting the monoterpene class were found to be the principal components. The anatomical study showed three types of trichomes: (i) non-glandular, multicellular, simple hairs; (ii) small, capitate glandular trichomes; (iii) and peltate glandular trichomes. In control plants, the density and size of trichomes varied with leaf side (abaxial or adaxial) and developmental stage. Salt stress results in significant modifications affecting trichome distribution and size on both sides.  相似文献   

不同干燥方式对十香菜根多酚和黄酮含量及其抗氧化活性的影响     

田文翰  张晓伟  杨小露  成明  张超峰 《保鲜与加工》2019,19(2):103-107

对十香菜根分别进行自然风干、热风干燥、真空干燥、微波干燥、真空冷冻干燥处理,并对其总酚与总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性进行测定,研究不同干燥方式对十香菜根的影响。结果表明,真空冷冻干燥处理后十香菜根具有较高的功能性成分和抗氧化能力,多酚含量为6.672%,黄酮含量为4.784%,DPPH·清除率为60.081%,羟基自由基清除率为25.958%,ABTS+·清除率为66.148%,可作为干燥十香菜根的合适方法。  相似文献   

薄荷Eβf合成酶基因(Tspa11)的克隆、序列分析与表达特性     

刘一钒  王丹丹  李晓红 《西北林学院学报》2020,35(3):90-94

采用室温贮藏的方法,研究贮藏时间对大红袍花椒和青花椒品质性状的影响。结果表明,贮藏1、2、3 a时,大红袍花椒果皮麻味素含量和脂肪酸含量降低,分别较对照（当年）降低14.4%、50.8%、69.7.0%和2.0%、10.0%、14.0%,青花椒分别降低11.0%、40.5%、44.2%和6.5%、21.7%、22.8%。种子贮藏1、2、3 a时,大红袍花椒和青花椒脂肪酸含量分别较对照（当年）降低了0.98%、19.6%、20.2%和2.2%、15.3%、22.4%。同时,脂肪酸组分含量受贮藏时间的影响显著。贮藏1 a时,大红袍花椒和青花椒果皮亚麻酸含量分别较对照提高19.2%和26.9%（P＜0.1）,贮藏3 a时,分别减少27.6%和35.8%（P＜0.1）,亚油酸含量分别减少22.2%和15.7%。贮藏1 a的花椒果皮氨基酸含量显著提高,但随时间延长,其含量降低。同时,贮藏1 a时,大红袍花椒果皮中天冬氨酸、脯氨酸、胱氨酸和精氨酸含量分别较对照提高45.2%、55.4%、66.7%、128.6%（P＜0.1）,青花椒果皮中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸含量分别较对照提高40.8%、30.7%和60.9%（P＜0.1）。室温条件下,花椒保存时间以1 a以内为宜。  相似文献   

亚洲薄荷内生真菌多样性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭晓恒  刘涛  宋登敏  严铸云  万德光 《广东农业科学》2013,40(16):32-34

采用纯培养的方法对广西所采50株健康亚洲薄荷150茎段、350片叶子中分离纯化内生真菌。用形态学分类鉴别方法依据产孢内生真菌在标准培养基的菌落颜色、菌落形态及孢子的着生方式进行鉴定。部分不产孢内生真菌利用促孢培养基培养结合分子生物技术对不产孢子内生真菌进行比对鉴定。结果从亚洲薄荷中分离出481株内生真菌,隶属1纲5目6科20属。丛梗孢科Moniliaceae是其优势科,其中拟青霉属Paecilomyces、轮枝孢属Verticillium、枝顶孢属Acremonium为主要菌群,分别占11.88%、7.92%和8.91%。叶子明显以叶点霉属Phyllosticta(17.21%)、小齿梗霉属Rhinotrichum(13.49%)、黑团孢属Nigrospora(11.16%)、枝顶孢属Acremonium(10.70%)为优势菌株,而茎则以拟青霉属Paecilomyces(18.60%)、轮枝孢属Verticillium(13.95%)为优势菌株。表明亚洲薄荷内生真菌具有丰富的多样性,其中拟青霉菌属是其优势菌落,其中还分离培养到枝顶孢属内生真菌,拟青霉菌和枝顶孢属菌物有抗菌活性,和薄荷的抗菌活性是否有联系还需进一步研究。  相似文献   

Evaluation of alternate menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) based intensive cropping systems for Indo-Gangetic plains of north India     

Man Singh  Aparbal Singh  Saudan Singh  Muni Ram 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(4):411-421

The objective of the study was to determine the profitability and employment-generation potential of different cropping systems involving menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) as a component of sequential/intercropping in comparison with the most common paddy–wheat–green gram cropping system. Field experiments were conducted at Lucknow, India (26° 5′ N, 80° 5′ E and 120 m above mean sea level) for three years from July 2004 to June 2007. Menthol mint yielded the maximum fresh shoot biomass and essential oil (21.0 t and 151 kg ha^?1, respectively) grown after sweet basil (Ocimum basillicum)–potato followed by paddy–potato–menthol mint (18.9 t and 136 kg ha^?1, respectively) and maize–mustard–menthol mint (17.7 t and 131 kg ha^?1, respectively). Net returns of all the menthol-mint-based cropping systems were 82.6–354% higher than traditional paddy–wheat–green gram cropping system. Maize–garlic–menthol mint + okra was found to be most profitable (77,200 Rs ha^?1) followed by pigeon pea + sweet basil–menthol mint + okra (76,120 Rs ha^?1). Employment-generation efficiency was much higher in cropping systems involving menthol mint and vegetable crops, the highest (2.21 man days ha^?1 day^?1) being in a maize–cauliflower–onion–menthol mint + okra cropping system.  相似文献   

Towards sustainable production of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) through integrated use of vermicompost and cowpea green manuring with synthetic nitrogen fertilization     

Muni Ram  Man Singh  A. K. Prajapati  Dasha Ram  Garima Rawat 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):293-301

A field experiment with peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) was conducted in a sandy loam (Typic ustifluvent) soil during 2007 and 2008 at Lucknow, India. Ten treatments consisting of control (no synthetic or organic nitrogen fertilization), synthetic nitrogen fertilization (SN) 75, 150 and 225 kg ha^?1 alone, vermicompost (VC) 3 t + 37.5 kg SN ha^?1, VC 6 t + 75 kg SN ha^?1 and VC 9 t + 112.5 kg SN ha^?1 and intercropping of one, two and three rows of cowpea for green manuring in combination with 50, 100 and 150 kg SN ha^?1, respectively, were evaluated in a randomized block design. Integrated use of VC 9 t with 112.5 kg SN ha^?1 produced maximum essential oil (94.3 kg ha^?1), increased the herb and essential oil yields by 104 and 89%, respectively, over control and reduced SN use by 50%, without affecting the quality of essential oil. Application of VC and intercropping of cowpea for green manuring significantly improved the organic carbon, available N, P and K content in soil over SN alone. To get sustainable production of peppermint, application of VC 9 t ha^?1 along with 112.5 kg N ha^?1 through synthetic fertilizer is recommended for light textured sandy loam soils.  相似文献   

薄荷新品种恒进高油的选育及配套栽培技术     

李卫文  范恒进  朱永华  张兆才  刘艳侠  董玲 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(12)

介绍恒进高油薄荷的选育过程和选育结果,通过2009—2010年的恒进高油区域试验和2011—2012年恒进高油的生产试验,结果表明,恒进高油产油量比对照上海39号高,产量表现突出。介绍恒进高油的植物学特征、品质性状及配套栽培技术,以指导恒进高油的栽培应用。  相似文献