Phenotypic Changes in Grain Sorghum Over the Last Five Decades     

Y. Assefa  S. A. Staggenborg 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2011,197(4):249-257

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a drought‐tolerant crop, and its productivity in rain fed environments has increased since the 1950s. This increase is due to changes in agronomic practices and hybrid improvement. The objective of this study was to determine what aspects of grain sorghum morphology, physiology and water use have changed with hybrid improvement and might have contributed to this yield increase. A 2‐year greenhouse experiment was conducted with one hybrid from each of the past five decades. The hybrids were studied in well‐watered and pre‐ and post‐flowering water deficit conditions. Total water use, transpiration, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis were measured during the growing period. Biomass and biomass components were measured at harvest. There was no consistent change in the leaf physiological parameters resulting from hybrid advancement. In contrast, total water use increased in rate of 8.5 cm³ kg soil^?1 year^?1 from old to new hybrids in the well‐watered treatments. Root biomass also increased in rate of 0.2 g plant^?1 year^?1. Leaf biomass and panicle length also was greater for the newest compared with the older hybrids. Hybrid advancement was related to increase in panicle length but decrease in peduncle length. Results indicated that hybrid development programmes created hybrids with improved drought avoidance, due to better root density of newly released hybrids, or hybrids with better resource use which ultimately increased yield under rain fed conditions.  相似文献   

废弃烟叶中有效成分提取的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李豪豪  李照民  王成卓  李威  赵世民  江凯  澹台晓伟  朱桃月 《安徽农业科学》2015,(34):83-87

烟叶中含有大量珍贵的天然成分,可供提取出来反添加到卷烟中,能够有效改善、提升卷烟品质。概述了烟叶中主要有效成分,综述了废弃烟叶中有效成分提取的主要方法,展望了废弃烟叶中有效成分提取的未来发展方向。  相似文献   

Future Directions for Research in Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2021,37(2):371-379

  相似文献   

Fusarium solani Upregulated Sesquiterpene Synthase Expression,Sesquiterpene Production and Allelopathic Activity in Piper betle L.     

Kamrai Woranoot  Rattikarn Buaruang  Kodchakorn Aranyakanon  Kumrop Ratanasut  Anupan Kongbangkerd  Panatda Jannoey  Pranee Nangngam  Chonnanit Choopayak 《水稻科学》2019,26(5):290-299

Activators of sesquiterpene synthase (STS) gene expression and sesquiterpene production in Piper betle L. were examined using quantitative real time PCR and gas chromatography mass spectrometry methods, and the allelopathic activity of untreated and Fusarium solani-treated betel extracts was tested on seed germination and on the shoot and root growth of Thai rice variety PSL2 (Oryza sativa cv. Phitsanulok 2) and three dominant paddy weeds (Eclipta prostrata, Echinochloa crus-galli and Chloris barbata). The results demonstrated that F. solani dramatically upregulated STS expression and productions of β-cubebene, β-caryophyllene and germacrene D sesquiterpene when compared with the untreated control, and that betel extracts had a greater inhibitory effect on weeds than on rice. The effects were more clearly detected on seed germination and root growth than on shoot growth, and they were found to be dose-dependent. It is also noted that F. solani-treated extract had stronger effects than the untreated extract. The species most sensitive to the allelopathic effects was C. barbata, germination of which was completely inhibited even at a dose of 0.1 mg/mL untreated extract. With regards to rice, although betel extract at 1.0 mg/mL showed no inhibition on germination, it affected the elongation of rice roots, in addition to those of the tested weeds. The obtained data suggested that F. solani has potential as an activator of sesquiterpene allelochemical production via STS expression, the latter leading to the treated betel extract having a stronger phytotoxic effect. These results were beneficial in the promotion of natural herbicide production using biotechnology.  相似文献   

盐土农业及研究进展     

丁海荣  洪立洲  王茂文  朱小梅  刘冲  刑锦城  赵宝泉  杨智青 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(34):21024-21025

综述了盐土农业新理念的产生、定义、特点及其国内外研究进展。  相似文献   

肌细胞增强因子2B基因在人和动物中的研究进展     

马晓萌  张莉  杜立新 《农业科学与技术》2016,(11):2477-2482

肌细胞增强因子2B(MEF2B)基因属于肌细胞增强因子2(MEF2)基因家族成员,广泛表达于人和动物的肌肉和神经组织中,在肌肉生成、神经系统发育和分化、肝脏纤维化等方面具有重要的作用,作者从MEF2B基因的结构、组织分布、生物学功能及研究进展等方面对该基因进行了综述.  相似文献   

Networking of integrated pest management: A powerful approach to address common challenges in agriculture     

《Crop Protection》2016

Integrated pest management (IPM) is facing both external and internal challenges. External challenges include increasing needs to manage pests (pathogens, animal pests and weeds) due to climate change, evolution of pesticide resistance as well as virulence matching host resistance. The complexity of designing effective pest management strategies, which rely less heavily on the use of conventional pesticides, is another external challenge. Internal challenges include organizational aspects such as decreasing trend in budget allocated to IPM research, increasing scarcity of human expertise, lack of knowledge transfer into practice and the communication gap both at country level and between countries, and lack of multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary IPM research. There is an increasing awareness that trans-national networking is one means to overcome such challenges and to address common priorities in agriculture. A large number of stakeholders (researchers, policy makers, growers and industries) are involved in the sector of crop protection, which needs to be coordinated through effective communications and dynamic collaboration to make any IPM strategy successful. Here we discuss a decade-long IPM networking experiences in Europe emphasizing how IPM research, implementation and adoption in Europe may benefit from a broader level networking.  相似文献   

高职类都市园艺专业市场调研与课程体系构建分析     

徐基艳  唐长贞  刘冬 《安徽农业科学》2015,(29):374-375

以安庆职业技术学院为例,通过对苏州、合肥等地的兄弟院校、企事业单位进行走访,就都市园艺专业发展前景、人才培养的定位、实施意见与专业建设进行了交流.通过完善人才培养体系,提升学生专业技能,带动地方产业发展.  相似文献   

An Overview of Research on Microbial Herbicide     

《农业科学与技术》2013,(10):1468-1470,1485

The development of microbial herbicide for weed control has been serious- ly regarded all over the world and has made rapid progress in recent years. This paper presents a comprehensive review on domestic and abroad research progress of microbial herbicide and mainly introduces the microbial herbicide products and mi- crobial sources with commercialization potential, and then proposes an outlook for their development tendency and application prospect.  相似文献   

从女性主义视角看《包法利夫人》   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨雪 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》2007,17(2):73-75

从18世纪到20世纪60年代,自由平等思潮揭开了轰轰烈烈的女性运动序幕,女性的个人权利和政治、宗教信仰自由,女性对于生命、自由、追求幸福的选择权以及自我决定权开始广泛受到关注。《包法利夫人》在一定程度上体现了当时女性主义的进步性,同时也揭示出在父权制主流社会下女性(书中的女主人公)注定要走向堕落的悲剧宿命。  相似文献