硒与水生动物免疫功能的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗辉  周小秋 《动物营养学报》2006,(Z1)

硒是水生动物的必需微量元素之一。它能影响水生动物对疾病的抵抗力,增强其细胞免疫和体液免疫功能,从而维持动物机体的健康状态,提高动物的生产性能。本文重点阐述了硒对水生动物疾病抵抗力、细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的影响以及硒影响水生动物免疫功能的可能机制。  相似文献   

黑色岩系成壤过程中镉和硒的形态转变与迁移特征     

任白琳  麻万诸  章明奎 《水土保持学报》2024,38(3):391-399

[目的] 黑色岩系含有高量的镉和硒,为明确其在风化成土过程中,岩石镉和硒的形态转变和释放对周围生态环境产生影响。[方法] 在浙西北寒武统荷塘组地层的黑色岩系分布区,通过沿地形不同部位(丘陵上坡、丘陵中坡、丘陵下坡、丘间谷底和河谷阶地)采集土壤剖面分层土样,探讨黑色岩系风化成土及其风化物迁移过程中镉和硒的数量与形态转变规律。[结果] 从母岩经母质到土壤,土壤总镉和总硒均呈下降趋势。黑色岩系风化物镉和硒损失随沿丘陵坡地向下迁移搬运距离增加而增加,其中,由坡积物演变为洪积物的过程中,镉和硒的损失大于由残积物演变为坡积物的损失。从风化物中流失的镉和硒以流水扩散方式对下游河流冲积物发育表土镉和硒含量产生影响,但影响程度随距离增加而减小。随着风化物搬运距离增加和土壤的演变,发生碳酸盐结合态镉和残留态镉向水溶性镉、交换性镉、有机质结合态镉、氧化物结合态镉转变,残留态硒逐渐活化转变为交换性硒、有机质结合态硒、氧化物结合态硒。土壤水溶性镉、交换性镉(硒)、有机质结合态镉(硒)呈现向地表增加的趋势;硒的有机富集及表土富集现象比镉更为明显。[结论] 黑色岩系风化不仅可通过残留方式直接影响其分布区土壤镉与硒的含量,也可通过流水扩散方式影响周边地区土壤镉和硒的含量。  相似文献   

反刍动物复合微量元素缓释丸及其在山羊瘤胃中代谢的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

何瑞国  王玉莲  姚艳平  王胜林 《农业现代化研究》2000,21(1):28-32

筛选出５囊无机化合物作为载体或溶解度调控剂与铜（Ｃｕ）硒（Ｓｅ）和钴（Ｃｏ）三种微量元素添国剂均为混合后,在一定温度条件下溶解,经模型制成一定重量、圆形或圆或椭圆的光滑丸子,经过体外模拟瘤胃条件的溶解试验后,从口投入安装瘤胃瘘管的三只山羊瘤胃中。然后从瘘管取瘤办内容物测定微量元素释放量和挥发性脂肪酸（ＶＦＡ）以及采血测定微量元素。试验结果,在体外模拟条件下,Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｓｅ释放速度分别为７３．３３  相似文献   

Calcium overload and reactive oxygen species accumulation induced by selenium deficiency promote autophagy in swine small intestine     

《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(4):997-1008

Selenium (Se) deficiency can seriously affect the small intestine of swine, and cause diarrhea in swine. However, the specific mechanism of Se deficiency-induced swine diarrhea has rarely been reported. Here, to explore the damage of Se deficiency on the calcium homeostasis and autophagy mechanism of swine, in vivo and in vitro models of swine intestinal Se deficiency were established. Twenty-four pure line castrated male Yorkshire pigs (45 d old, 12.50 ± 1.32 kg, 12 full-sibling pairs) were divided into 2 equal groups and fed Se-deficient diet (0.007 mg Se/kg) as the Se-deficiency group, or fed Se-adequate diet (0.3 mg Se/kg) as the control group for 16 weeks. The intestinal porcine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-J2) was divided into 2 groups, and cultured by Se-deficient medium as the Se-deficient group, or cultured by normal medium as the control group. Morphological observations showed that compared with the control group, intestinal cells in the Se-deficiency group were significantly damaged, and autophagosomes increased. Autophagy staining and cytoplasmic calcium staining results showed that in the Se-deficiency group, autophagy increased and calcium homeostasis was destroyed. According to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) staining results, the percentage of ROS in the Se-deficiency group was higher than that in the control group in the in vitro model. Compared with the control group, the protein and mRNA expressions of autophagy-calcium-related genes including Beclin 1, microtubule-associated proteins 1A (LC3-1), microtubule-associated proteins 1B (LC3-2), autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5), autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12), autophagy-related protein 16 (ATG16), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CAMKK-β), adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA), and calpain in the Se-deficiency group were significantly increased which was consistent in vivo and in vitro (P < 0.05). Altogether, our results indicated that Se deficiency could destroy the calcium homeostasis of the swine small intestine to trigger cell autophagy and oxidative stress, which was helpful to explain the mechanism of Se deficiency-induced diarrhea in swine.  相似文献   

陕西紫阳县山羊Fas和Bcl-2基因表达研究          下载免费PDF全文

张磊  周占琴  李广  付明哲  安宁  慕勇  李红瞻 《西北农业学报》2014,23(8):1-7

为了研究陕西省紫阳县(富硒地区)山羊各组织中Fas和Bcl-2基因表达的情况,探讨微量元素硒对Fas和Bcl-2基因表达的影响。将年龄相仿、体质量相近,分别来自紫阳县双安镇(高硒区,n=7)和高滩镇(低硒区,n=7)的山羊作为研究对象,运用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、肾周脂肪、背最长肌、股二头肌和淋巴组织中Fas和Bcl-2基因mRNA的表达量。结果表明:双安镇山羊各组织Fas基因mRNA表达量由高到低依次为肝脏心脏肺脏肾脏肾周脂肪脾脏股二头肌淋巴背最长肌;高滩镇心脏和肝脏中mRNA的表达量最高,显著高于肾周脂肪、肾脏、背最长肌、股二头肌、肺脏、淋巴、脾脏(P0.05),肝脏、肺脏(P0.01)和肾脏(P0.05)中的表达量均显著低于双安镇。双安镇山羊肺脏中Bcl-2基因mRNA表达量最高,与脾脏和肾周脂肪组织差异不显著(P0.05),但是显著高于其他组织(P0.05);而高滩镇山羊Bcl-2基因mRNA表达量由高到低依次为肾周脂肪肺脏心脏脾脏肾脏淋巴股二头肌肝脏背最长肌,且心脏、脾脏、肾周脂肪(P0.01)和肺脏(P0.05)均高于双安镇山羊。由此可见,Fas和Bcl-2基因mRNA在紫阳县山羊各组织中均有不同程度表达,且微量元素硒上调了山羊组织中Fas基因的表达,抑制Bcl-2基因,但是硒对Fas和Bcl-2基因表达的影响存在组织差异性。  相似文献