Quality assessment of rapeseed accessions by means of near-infrared spectroscopy on combine harvesters     

J. M. Montes    C. Paul    A. E. Melchinger 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(3):329-330

Optimization of data collection processes in plant breeding programmes is of the highest importance for plant breeders. In rapeseed-breeding, data collection and selection must be carried out in a very restricted period of time because of the short time span between harvesting and sowing. Near-infrared spectroscopy on combine harvesters (NOCH) improves the data collection processes in breeding programmes of grain crops such as maize, and it may also improve the data collection processes in breeding programmes of rapeseed. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of NOCH for the determination of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), oil and glucosinolate (GSL) contents in rapeseed. A plot combine harvester equipped with a near-infrared diode-array spectrometer was used. Reference values for DM content were determined by the oven method. Reference values for the quality traits were established by laboratory near-infrared spectroscopy. NOCH showed a high potential for the determination of DM, CP, oil, and GSL contents. Use of NOCH in breeding may increase the efficiency of data collection processes and might dramatically accelerate the development of rapeseed cultivars.  相似文献   

高岭石-甲醇夹层复合体的合成及其特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴德意  孔海南  褚春凤 《土壤》2004,36(1):51-55

以水合联胺,10 mol尿素水溶液及甲醇先后与高岭石反应,合成了晶面间距为1.0 nm的高岭石甲醇夹层复合物。复合物不太稳定,在常温下 (约放置72 h) 或1050C加热下 (2 min)晶面间距收缩为0.85 nm。于2000C加热时,晶面间距进一步收缩为0.79 nm。0.79 nm复合物在3000C条件下长时间加热也未再发生变化。由层间膨胀值的大小及甲醇分子的最小厚度推测,0.85 nm及0.79 nm夹层复合体中甲醇分子明显地嵌入了高岭石的结构内部。其甲基可能嵌入了硅氧四面体的六角环空洞中,而羟基嵌入了铝氧八面体内。IR图谱表明0.79 nm复合物中甲醇分子与高岭石的相互作用较之0.85 nm复合物更强。  相似文献   

基于VB的木材无损检测近红外光谱图检索系统的实现     

冯国红  朱玉杰  安丽华 《森林工程》2011,27(1):16-18

利用VB语言设计木材无损检测的近红外光谱图检索系统,检索关键词由＂物质名＂、＂光谱查询＂及＂列表查询＂组成,可分别实现已知物质名的光谱图检索、未知物质基于吸收峰位置的物质名检索及吸收峰位置相同或接近的物质名列表检索。检索界面简洁,易于操作,相对于传统的检索方法,检索的查全查准率较高。  相似文献   

Effect of molecular complexity and acidity of earthworm faeces humic fractions on glutamate dehydrogenase,glutamine synthetase,and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in Daucus carota α II cells     

A. Muscolo  M. R. Panuccio  M. R. Abenavoli  G. Concheri  S. Nardi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1996,22(1-2):83-88

Carrot cells were grown in cultures supplemented with two hormones [2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6BAP)] and two humic fractions extracted from earthworm faeces, one with high acidity and a low apparent molecular size (<3500) and the other with low acidity and a large molecular size. 2,4-D stimulated growth through an effect on cell enlargement, while the strongly acidic humic fraction (0.2 mg l^-1) and the weakly acidic fraction (1 mg l^-1) were both less effective. With 4–16 h of pre-incubation, the highly acid humic fraction, mainly alone, induced the best increase in protein content; the effect of the weakly acid humic fraction and the hormones was generally less important. The two humic fractions also differed in their influence on glutamate dehydrogenase activity. After 2 h of pretreatment, the highly acidic fraction increased glutamate dehydrogenase activity, while the other fraction did not affect it. After 4–16 h of pre-incubation, the activity of this enzyme was still not influenced by these humic fractions. The presence of the two hormones did not interfere with the humic matter effects. Glutamine synthetase activity was not affected by a pre-incubation of up to 4 h with the two humic fractions, but it was stimulated after 8–16 h of pre-incubation. A 2,4-D+6BAP mixture stimulated glutamine synthetase activity (from +12 to +50%). Again, the presence of the hormones did not interfere with the effects induced by the humic fractions. After 16 h of pre-incubation, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity was increased by the highly acidic humic fraction (+93%) and by both humic fractions together (+34%). An explanation of the different incubation times necessary for the humic fractions to exert stimulatory effects on these enzymes is proposed here. The regulatory properties of the strongly acidic humic fraction appeared to depend on the combination of high acidity (expecially carboxylic C) with low molecular size.  相似文献   

返回式卫星搭载后玉米叶绿体色素变化的研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

李社荣  马惠平  谷宏志  朱保葛  刘根齐 《核农学报》2001,15(2):75-80

本文报道了利用返回式卫星搭载处理与地面对照玉米在不同取材时期叶片丙酮提取液的吸收光谱和叶绿体色素含量的变化 ,发现二者的光吸收特性基本相同 ,但吸光度与光吸收带出现某些差异。卫星搭载后 ,单位叶重的叶绿体色素总量和叶绿素a+b含量趋于降低 ,其中以叶绿素b含量降低最甚 ,导致Ca Cb值增高  相似文献   

农业环境保护中的酸雨监测技术     

陶丽华  周青 《中国生态农业学报》2006,14(4):34-37

酸雨伤害植物的监测技术包括对植物叶片表观伤害监测与生理伤害监测,后者选择的参数主要有植物光合速率、气孔导度、细胞质膜透性、叶绿素含量消长、细胞pH变化、活性氧防御系统的应激反应等。本文在介绍测定方法同时,比较分析了各种方法的优点与不足,探讨了酸雨监测技术在农业环境监测、环境评价、酸沉降区域农业区划与环境保护中的作用,指出今后研究应重视完善监测体系和拓展监测对象。  相似文献   

大学生网络依恋的心理分析及对策     

朱佳明 《安徽农业大学学报》2005,(4):97-99

占领网络宣传的科技阵地,增强大学生的时代感、责任心,是历史赋予我们的使命。高校大学生中的‘网虫”现象,对其学习、生活、成长产生不良影响。我们应该从心理障碍入手,为大学生营造一个良好的网络环境。  相似文献   

两种声速测定实验方法的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨瑛  郑文轩 《塔里木大学学报》2005,17(2):94-95

本文探讨在声速测定实验中关于声波在空气中，在发射器和接收器之间反射形成及极大值的位置和条件，以及比较共鸣法测声速和超声速测声速的规律，有利于人们正确深入理解声波特性和探讨声速测量实验方法。  相似文献   

TMOPP四阶导数光谱计算分析法同时测定锌镉     

吴庆生  丁亚平 《安徽农业大学学报》1992,(3)

本文用自合成的高灵敏显色剂meso—四—(对甲氧苯基)卟啉(TMOPP),通过四阶导数光谱CPA计算分析方法,对合成试样和植物标样中的Zn,Cd进行了同时测定。其相对误差均在±10%以内。  相似文献   

多组份导数光度法中应用CPA法的影响因素研究     

吴庆生  倪其道 《安徽农业大学学报》1991,(1)

本文以整体标准误差为基础的?函数为判断依据,运用计算机研究了CPA法用于多组份导数光谱时,测试波长位置、波长数目、波长间隔及混合标准溶液个数对计算结果的影响。当测试波长经过精选后,波长数可增至7,且准确度和精密度均有所提高。文中以SAF—CTMAB—Mo、W体系验证了结果,对M:W=1:10～10:1,M、W含量低达0.1μg/25ml的样品,四阶导数测试的结果为:相对误差一般在±6％以内,RSD(M_o)=0.76％,RSD(W)=2.03％。  相似文献