The effects of replacement of antibiotics with by‐products of oriental medicinal plants on growth performance and meat qualities in fattening pigs     

Suk Nam KANG  Gyo Moon CHU  Young Min SONG  Sang Keun JIN  In Ho HWANG  Il Suk KIM 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(3):245-251

The effect of by‐products of oriental medicinal plants (OMP; T1) containing 0.03% herb extracts (T2) or 0.1% aminolevulinic acid (T3) on the production performance of swine during the finishing period and on its meat quality were investigated. No significant differences were found in the weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate among the tested groups (P > 0.05). But the treated group showed higher (P < 0.05) moisture and ash and lower protein than the control group. The T3 group showed a lower meat cholesterol content (38.42 mg/100 g) compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). The vitamin E content of the muscle in the treated groups was higher compared to the control group. No antibiotic content was detected in all treated and control samples. The values of the volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) of the treated groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than the control group. The treated groups had significantly better (P < 0.05) sensory‐test scores for color, flavor, off‐flavor and total acceptability compared to the control group.  相似文献   

牛奶中抗生素残留检测研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田维荣  赵启阳 《畜牧与饲料科学》2012,33(5)

抗生素越来越多地被应用于畜牧业中。其在乳制品中的残留问题备受关注。从牛奶中残留抗生素的来源、危害以及检测方法等方面进行总结,并对我国牛奶中抗生素检测的发展前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

银白杨遗传转化中抗生素浓度优化的研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

李慧  陈晓阳  李云  李伟  丁霞 《北京林业大学学报》2005,27(5):118-121

该文探讨了卡那霉素、G418、羧苄青霉素和头孢霉素4种抗生素对银白杨不同培养阶段外植体生长、分化或生根的影响,确立了由农杆菌介导的银白杨遗传转化研究中抗生素种类和转化体的筛选浓度.结果表明:在叶片转化筛选阶段,卡那霉素和G418的适宜浓度分别为15和10 mg/L,羧苄青霉素和头孢霉素的适宜浓度为200～600 mg/L和200～400 mg/L;在抗性芽生根培养时,卡那霉素和G418浓度分别为20～25 mg/L和15～20 mg/L,羧苄青霉素和头孢霉素浓度为200～800 mg/L和200～600 mg/L.头孢霉素或羧苄青霉素的抑菌效果因农杆菌菌株的不同而存在差异,羧苄青霉素对农杆菌LBA4404抑制效果好,头孢霉素对农杆菌C58抑制效果理想.   相似文献   

Involvement of spleen components of mature fowl in the primary and secondary humoral antibody response following experimental EDS'76 virus infection     

J. H. H. van Eck 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(2):105-122

Summary

Cellular changes in spleens of mature fowl in relation to both the primary and secondary humoral antibody response following experimentalEDS'76 virus infection were studied. The influence of splenectomy on humoral antibody response was also examined.

Experimental fowl had been naturally infected with fowl adenovirus (FAV) but did not possess precipitins to these viruses at the time of EDS’ 76 virus infection. Since EDS'76 infection provokes a recall of the group antibody to FAV, this infection simultaneously induces a primary response against EDS’ 76 virus and a secondary response due to the recall of the group antibody to FAV.

HI and precipitating antibodies toEDS'76 virus (primary response) werefirst detected at 6 and 8 days p.i. respectively. Curves of HI, precipating and neutralising antibody titres were biphasic; the first peak (IgM peak) occurred at 10–11 days p.i., the second (IgG peak) at 16–28 days p.i.

Precipitating antibodies to FAV (secondary response) were demonstrated from 4 days p.i. The curve of these antibody titres was also biphasic, with peaks at the same times as in the primary response.

Based on HI and AGP testing of primary and secondary immune response in both splenectomised and non‐splenectomised fowl it is concluded that in the primary response the spleen of the adult fowl is involved significantly in only IgM secretion, while in the secondary response it is likely that bothIgM and IgG are secreted in considerable amounts.

Clusters of lymphoblasts and plasmablasts were observed at 3 days p.i. in the red pulp. It is very likely that antigen‐antibody complexes are formed from that time and circulate bound to the surface of lymphocytes. These antigen‐loaded lymphocytes are ‘picked up’ from the blood stream by

– red pulp macrophages, leading to enhanced formation of lymphoblasts in the red pulp. Great numbers of these cells (which are very probably IgM secreting cells) were present on days 6 and 7 p.i., but were no longer detectable after day 10 p.i.

– macrophages of the macrophagalellipsoidal corona (MEC), leading to significant enlargement of the periellipsoidal lymphoid tissue(PELT) by an increase of the number of lymphocytes observedfrom days 4–12 p.i. The MEC was significantly enlarged from 7–12 days p.i., very likely due to an increased number of macrophages.

Following deposition of antigen in the white pulp, formation of follicles begins. The number of small, intact follicles includingfollicle precursors increasedfrom 6 days p.i. From 15 days p.i. to the end of the experiment both the number and size of follicles increased significantly.

Uptake and processing of antigen by macrophages is probably accompanied by death of some of these cells. This might explain the degenerative changes observed in large mesenchymal cells, probably macrophages, at 3 and 5 days p.i. in the red pulp and at 5 and 6 days especially in the MEC. Splenitis which was present at 3 and 5 days p.i. and oedema observed in and around ellipsoidal cells at 5 days p.i. may be due to mediators released from these degenerative macrophages.

A significantly increased number of follicles with lymphoblasts was seen from 2–15 days p.i. while lymphoblasts and plasmablasts were present in the PELT from 5–15 days p.i., but predominantly at 6 and 7 days p.i. It is likely that disruption of follicles and blast transformation of white pulp lymphoid cells are secondary response events. White pulp lymphoblastsand plasmablastsare probably IgG secreting cells.

Splenomegaly was observed at 3, 5 and 6 days after infection and was mainly due to swelling of red pulp macrophages and infiltration of granulocytes in the red pulp. Ellipsoidal and periellipsoidal changes could contribute to the splenomegaly at 5 and 6 days p.i.  相似文献   

酵母细胞壁多糖在动物生产中的应用     

赵东琪  徐晓锋  张力莉 《中国饲料》2022,1(1):45-49

酵母细胞壁多糖(YCP)作为一种天然绿色的添加剂,具有促进动物生长发育、提高动物生产性能、保护动物肠道健康和增强动物免疫力等诸多功能,可以有效替代抗生素在动物饲料中广泛使用.本文就YCP的组成结构以及在动物生产中的应用进行综述,为其进一步的研究和利用提供理论依据.  相似文献   

库尔勒地区梨火疫病防治药剂筛选及防治适期分析     

白江  朱海涵  张国强 《新疆农业科学》2023,60(3):675-682

【目的】筛选出防治梨火疫病化学药剂和防治适期,为该病害的防控提供依据。【方法】选择14种市售药剂进行田间药效试验,采用常量喷雾方法进行化学防治药剂筛选,分析不同时期施药最佳防治时期,运用定向涂抹法防治发病严重部位。【结果】铜制剂对梨火疫病的防效相对较优于农用抗生素,其中氢氧化铜、噻菌铜和松脂酸铜的防效分别为96.2%、68.5%和66.7%;香梨初花期施药的防治效果显著优于盛花期和果实膨大期,且铜制剂的防效高于其它药剂,其中初花期施用氢氧化铜对梨火疫病的防效可达96.2%;针对已发病的梨树枝干,可使用植物杂源多酚进行涂抹防治,病斑抑制率达到了92.1%。【结论】初花期可喷施铜制剂进行保护,有效阻止病原菌入侵;盛花期可使用非铜制剂进行防治,避免产生药害;果实膨大期可使用植物杂源多酚或噻霉酮涂抹剂定向涂抹。  相似文献   

细菌耐药质粒消除方法研究进展     

朱利霞  王洪彬  史秋梅  高光平 《动物医学进展》2019,40(5):90-93

常见的病原微生物多重耐药性的增加以及多重耐药菌株的出现,给动物养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。细菌的耐药性与其自身携带的耐药质粒关系密切。论文从细菌耐药现状,细菌的耐药性和耐药质粒的关系,耐药质粒的物理、化学、中草药消除方法这几个方面进行综述,旨在寻求一种安全有效的消除方法消除耐药质粒,为今后相关的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Antibiotic use in critical illness     

Samuel D. Stewart  Sarah Allen 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2019,29(3):227-238

  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of topically applied ciprofloxacin in tears of mesocephalic and brachycephalic dogs     

Hendrix DV  Cox SK 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2008,11(1):7-10

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ophthalmic ciprofloxacin in the tear film of normal mesocephalic and brachycephalic dogs. ANIMALS STUDIED: Twenty mesocephalic dogs and 15 brachycephalic dogs. PROCEDURES: Thirty-five microliters of ciprofloxacin were placed on the cornea of both eyes of each dog. Five brachycephalic dogs were used twice. A tear-test strip placed in the ventral cul de sac for 30 s was used to obtain samples. The tear film of each eye was sampled once at eight time-points post administration, resulting in five samples at each time-point. Samples were evaluated using high performance liquid chromatography. Data from the two skull types were compared using the unpaired two-tailed t-test. RESULTS: The mean concentration of ciprofloxacin in the tears of mesocephalic dogs was 192.8 +/- 269.97, 140.6 +/- 91.06, 56.60 +/- 28.47, 13.6 +/- 6.3, 43.25 +/- 59.71, 16.6 +/- 10.62, 15.6 +/- 13.16 and 6.25 +/- 9.84 microg/g at 5, 10, 15, 30 min and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h, respectively. The mean concentration of ciprofloxacin in the tears of brachycephalic dogs was 272.6 +/- 106.21, 144.4 +/- 142.32, 131.2 +/- 147.07, 75 +/- 80.07, 40.8 +/- 30.35, 35 +/- 21.98, 52.75 +/- 51.87 and 8.6 +/- 12.10 microg/g at 5, 10, 15, 30 min and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h, respectively. There was no statistical difference in tear concentration at any time-point between skull types. CONCLUSIONS: Topical application of ciprofloxacin resulted in a mean tear concentration of ciprofloxacin that remained above the MIC(90) levels for most pathogenic bacteria for 6 h in normal mesocephalic and brachycephalic dogs.  相似文献   

13种抗生素类药物对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

崔晓霞  王秀敏  侯晓礁  孟和格日勒  陆凤琪 《吉林畜牧兽医》2008,29(7):9-10

研究13种抗生素类药物对大肠杆菌体外抑菌的作用。通过在M-H琼脂平皿上贴药敏片,测量抑菌圈的直径来确定药物的抑菌作用。结果表明大肠杆菌对大观霉素、硫酸安普霉素、硫酸粘菌素、左氧氟沙星和乳酸环丙沙星表现出中度敏感,其它表现为低敏感度或者没有抑菌效果。  相似文献