不同前处理对苹果渣中酚类含量及其抗氧化活性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄漫青  綦菁华  门宝玲 《保鲜与加工》2005,5(6):16-18

以酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性为测定指标,研究不同前处理方法对苹果渣中酚类含量及其抗氧化活性的影响.结果表明,苹果渣用0.1%柠檬酸浸泡抑制酚酶活性后,干燥和提取条件与烫漂处理的相同,类黄酮的含量为6 127(μg芦丁/g干重),黄烷醇的含量为3 481(μg儿茶素/g干重),抗氧化活性抑制率88.461%.  相似文献   

迷迭香抗氧化剂在食用油脂中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

毛绍春  李竹英 《保鲜与加工》2006,6(5):31-32

采用国家标准测定方法,将不同抗氧化剂添加量、不同混合温度与不同种类抗氧化剂对花生油过氧化值的影响进行了比较.结果表明,在花生油中添加0.03%迷迭香抗氧化剂时,抗氧化效果较好,在150℃时还具有抗氧化性能;其抗氧化性强弱顺序为:迷迭香＞PG(没食子酸丙酯)＞BHA(丁基羟基苯甲醚).  相似文献   

过量施用磷肥和有机肥对土壤磷渗漏的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张作新  廖文华  刘建玲  郝小雨 《华北农学报》2008,23(6)

采用土柱培养的模拟试验方法,研究在不同磷水平土壤上大量施用磷肥和有机肥对土壤测试磷、土壤磷渗漏的影响及机理。结果表明,不同磷水平土壤施用磷肥和有机肥后,土壤CaCl2-P、Olsen-P和土壤渗漏液中可溶性磷均显著增加;单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加土壤各形态磷量随土壤磷水平的增加而增大;随着磷肥和有机肥用量的增加,单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加各形态磷量也逐渐增大,差异均达到显著和极显著水平;施用磷肥和有机肥土壤磷的最大吸磷量（Qm）和土壤磷吸持指数（PSI）逐渐减少,土壤磷的吸附饱和度（DPS）逐渐增加;单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加的土壤磷的吸附饱和度随着土壤磷水平的增加而增加。随磷肥和有机肥用量的增加,不同磷水平土壤磷的吸附饱和度逐渐增加、土壤磷的吸持指数下降、土壤磷的渗漏量逐渐增大;土壤磷渗漏量与土壤测试磷呈显著正相关;单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加的土壤测试磷随着磷肥或有机肥用量以及土壤磷水平的增加而增加。  相似文献   

Polygalacturonase and β-galactosidase activities in Hayward kiwifruit as affected by light exposure,maturity stage and storage time     

S. Tavarini  E. Degl’Innocenti  D. Remorini  R. Massai  L. Guidi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Softening process and total antioxidant activity were evaluated in kiwifruit differently exposed to light intensity and harvested at two different times (October 10 and November 14). Fruit was stored for 2 months at 0 °C (S1) and then maintained for a week at ambient temperature (S2). The results showed that fruit harvested later presented a faster softening rate during storage than fruit harvested earlier, even if antioxidant activity did not change. Light-exposed fruit showed higher flesh firmness than that of shaded ones. Polygalacturonase activity was higher in kiwifruit maintained for a week at ambient temperature after cool storage and, in particular the highest value was recorded in fruit harvested later. The behaviour of β-galactosidase was different: it did not show changes in fruit harvested later and significantly decreased in light- and shade-exposed fruit harvested earlier.  相似文献   

Antioxidant properties of blackberry and blueberry fruits grown in the Black Sea Region of Turkey     

Ilkay Koca  Bulent Karadeniz 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Seven wild and ten cultivated blackberries (Arapaho, Bartin, Black Satin, Bursa 1, Bursa 2, Cherokee, Chester, Jumbo, Navaho, and Ness), and six lowbush (Vaccinium arctostaphylos) and four highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum) blueberries fruits (Ivanhoe, Jersey, Northland, and Rekord) were analyzed for total anthocyanins, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in this study. The respective ranges of total anthocyanin and total phenolic contents of the tested samples were: blackberries, 0.95–1.97 and 1.73–3.79 mg g⁻¹ and blueberries, 0.18–2.94 and 0.77–5.42 mg g⁻¹. FRAP values varied from 35.05 to 70.41 μmol g⁻¹ for blackberries, 7.41 to 57.92 μmol g⁻¹ for blueberries. Wild blackberries had the highest FRAP values while wild blueberries had the highest total phenolic and total anthocyanin contents. A linear relationship was observed between FRAP values and total phenolics for blueberries (r = 0.981). The anthocyanin pigments in samples were isolated and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV–visible detection. Cyn-3-glu was the predominant anthocyanin in all blackberry fruits.  相似文献   

氮对低氧胁迫下樱桃根系抗氧化酶活性及线粒体功能的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

生利霞  冯立国  束怀瑞 《园艺学报》2009,36(11):1575-1580

 以‘吉塞拉5号’樱桃组培苗为试材, 研究短期低氧胁迫下氮对樱桃幼苗根系抗氧化酶活性 及线粒体功能的影响。通过溶氧调节仪人为控制营养液溶氧浓度为2 mg·L ^{- 1} , NO₃^- 浓度共设4个水平:0、7.5、15.0、22.5 mmol·L ^{- 1} , 以1 /2 Hoagland营养液正常低氧处理(NO₃^- 浓度7.5 mmol·L ^{- 1} ) 为对照。结果表明: 各处理SOD、POD、CAT酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。与对照相比, 营养液加氮处理的SOD、POD、CAT酶活性升高, 膜质过氧化程度减轻, 且氮浓度越大酶活性升高幅度越大, 而营养液缺氮处理的酶活性降低, 膜质过氧化程度加重; 营养液缺氮处理樱桃根系线粒体中的H₂O₂和MDA含量、O₂^-·生成速率升高, 而营养液加氮处理可降低O₂^-·的产生及MDA含量, 提高线粒体的氧化磷酸化水平, 保护樱桃根系线粒体膜的完整性, 对线粒体呼吸功能的破坏明显减轻, 且NO₃^- 离子浓度高时效果更好, 说明适当提高营养液中的氮素水平可以缓解低氧胁迫对樱桃根系的伤害。  相似文献   

Effect of dietary supplemental l‐carnitine on growth performance,body composition and antioxidant status in juvenile black sea bream,Sparus macrocephalus     

J.J. MA  Z.R. XU  Q.J. SHAO  J.Z. XU  SILAS S. O. HUNG  W.L. HU  L.Y. ZHUO 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(5):464-471

Effects of dietary l ‐carnitine were studied in juvenile black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus). The semipurified basal diet [crude protein 450 g kg^?1 dry matter (DM); crude lipid 126 g kg^?1 DM] was formulated to choose white fishmeal as the protein source and fish oil plus corn oil (1 : 1) as the lipid source. Six diets (control + diets 1–5) containing 0.1, 0.12, 0.16, 0.24, 0.39 and 1.1 g of l ‐carnitine kg^?1 diet were fed to triplicate groups of black sea bream (initial weight 13.10 ± 0.05 g) for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance, body composition and antioxidant status were determined. The results showed that relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly improved by the elevation of dietary l ‐carnitine level from 0.1 to 0.24 g kg^?1, but decreased with further increment (P < 0.05). Lipid content decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the dorsal muscle whereas increased (P < 0.05) in the liver with the addition of dietary l ‐carnitine. Dietary l ‐carnitine supplements elevated enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione‐S‐transferase, GST) activities (P < 0.05) yet decreased the content of non‐enzymatic factor, total sulphydryl groups (TSH) (P < 0.05). In summary, the optimum dietary l ‐carnitine level was 0.284 g kg^?1 diet by second‐polynomial regression analysis based on RGR (y = ?647.4x² +367.97x + 234.55; R² = 0.977, x = dietary l ‐carnitine levels, y = RGR), and dietary l ‐carnitine addition within the levels adopted in our study could depress lipid peroxidation in tissues of juvenile black sea bream.  相似文献   

漳平水仙茶饼多酚的纯化及其体外活性研究     

黎英  曾珍清  张薇  郑兰香  陈雪梅  石小琼 《热带作物学报》2017,(8):1456-1463

为了研究大孔树脂对水仙茶饼多酚的纯化效果,试验以水仙茶饼多酚粗提液为原料,比较了9种不同型号大孔树脂对水仙茶饼粗多酚的静态吸附和解吸性能,再以吸附率和解吸率为指标通过静态、动态吸附解吸试验。考察了各因素对LX-28树脂纯化水仙饼茶粗多酚的影响,最后探讨了纯化前后的水仙茶饼多酚的体外抗氧化和抑菌效果。结果表明:最佳纯化树脂LX-28,最佳吸附和解吸条件为1.5 mg/mL的质量浓度的水仙茶饼多酚粗提取液(pH4.0~5.0)以2.0 mL/min的流速上样95 mL,吸附平衡后去离子水冲洗至无色,再用70 mL,65%体积分数乙醇溶液(pH6.0)为洗脱剂,以3.0 mL/min流速洗脱,在此纯化条件下LX-28树脂对水仙茶饼多酚的吸附率和解吸率分别为(93.587±0.379)%和(95.330±1.282)%,树脂可重复使用4次,纯度提高了约3.04倍;对DPPH·和ABTS+·自由基清除率的IC50值分别从纯化前的1.279、3.682 mg/mL降低到0.295、1.525 mg/mL;对供试的大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、米根霉和紫红曲霉均有不同程度的抑制作用,纯化后的水仙茶饼多酚的抑菌效果优于纯化前。  相似文献   

火龙果茎多糖的超高压提取及抗氧化活性研究     

郭淼  宋江峰  王传凯 《热带作物学报》2017,(7):1371-1376

为研究火龙果茎多糖的超高压提取工艺及抗氧化活性。在单因素试验基础上,采用Box-Behnken设计和响应面分析方法,确定超高压提取的最优工艺,并从清除ABTS自由基和DPPH自由基能力方面来评价火龙果茎多糖的体外抗氧化能力。结果表明,火龙果茎多糖的超高压提取的最佳工艺条件为:液固比10∶1(m L∶g)、超高压压力300 MPa、超高压时间4 min。在此工艺条件下多糖得率为(2.83±0.02)%。火龙果茎对ABTS自由基和DPPH自由基具有清除作用,对ABTS自由基和DPPH自由基的清除率IC_(50)分别为浓度为4.3 mg/m L和5.5 mg/m L时。  相似文献   

Alteration in important quality traits and antioxidant activities in Brassica oleracea with Ogura cybrid cytoplasm          下载免费PDF全文

Shyam S. Dey  Reeta Bhatia  Chander Parkash  Saharsh Sharma  Manish Dabral  Vibha Mishra  Ila Bhardwaj  Komal Sharma  Vinod Kumar Sharma  Raj Kumar 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):400-409

In vegetable brassicas, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system is the most preferred mechanism for hybrid seed production and Ogura cybrid cytoplasm is the only source used widely. Effects of the alien cybrid cytoplasm on important quality traits need to be understood for their effective use in breeding programme. In analysing 38 Ogura cybrid cytoplasm‐based cauliflower CMS lines, it was revealed that introgression of Ogura cytoplasm resulted in significant alteration in important quality traits. Cupric reducing antioxidant activity and ferric reducing ability of plasma values were increased up to 5–10 times in different genotypes. Among 38 analysed CMS lines, concentration of plant pigments such as anthocyanin, total chlorophylls and ascorbic acid was reduced in 21, 17 and 32 genotypes, respectively. However, the concentration of total carotenoids and β‐carotene was elevated in most of the CMS lines and total carotenoid was increased up to 20 times in the CMS line, Ogu13‐85‐2A. The results indicate the role of nuclear–cytoplasmic interaction and mitochondrial genome in determining concentration of different quality traits.  相似文献