Chiari‐Like Malformation and Syringomyelia in American Brussels Griffon Dogs     

A.C. Freeman  S.R. Platt  M. Kent  E. Huguet  C. Rusbridge  S. Holmes 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(5):1551-1559

Background

Although Chiari‐like malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM) have been described in many small breed dogs, the prevalence and clinical manifestations of this complex have not been documented in a large cohort of American Brussels Griffon (ABG) dogs.

Objectives

To characterize the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of CM and SM in the ABG breed.

Animals

Eighty‐four American Kennel Club registered ABG dogs were recruited.

Methods

Prospective study. Complete histories and neurologic examinations were obtained before MRI. Images were blindly reviewed and calculations were made by using OsiriX. All analyses were performed by Student''s t‐test, Spearman''s correlation, ANOVA, and chi‐square test where appropriate.

Results

Chiari‐like malformation and SM were present in 65% and 52% of dogs, respectively. Twenty‐eight percent of dogs had neurologic deficits and 20% had neck pain. Mean central canal (CC) transverse height was 2.5 mm with a mean length of 3.6 cervical vertebrae. Neurologic deficits were significantly associated with a larger syrinx (P = .04, P = .08) and syrinx size increased with age (P = .027). SM was associated with a smaller craniocervical junction (CCJ) height (P = .04) and larger ventricles (P = .0001; P < .001).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Syringomyelia and CM are prevalent in American Brussels Griffon dogs. Syrinx size is associated with neurologic deficits, CM, larger ventricles, a smaller craniocervical junction height, neurologic deficits, and cerebellar herniation. Fifty‐two percent of dogs with a SM were clinically normal.  相似文献   

Seasonal dynamics of fish assemblage in a pond canal     

Jiří Musil  Zdenek Adámek  Christian Baranyi 《Aquaculture International》2007,15(3-4):217-226

The annual dynamics of fish assemblage in a pond-connecting canal of a South Moravian pond aquaculture facility was studied to reveal potential assemblage effects on pond stocks and vice versa. The species richness of fish assemblage and seasonal dynamics of its development were predominantly dependent upon the fish stock of the interconnected ponds (particularly due to escapees during the period of pond harvesting), which contributed to a considerable increase of commercial fish species occurrence. Using a seasonal parameter, the season proved to have a major impact on fish assemblage dynamics (r = −0.71, P < 0.001). Spring samples were dominated by commercial fishes of aquaculture origin (mainly Cyprinus carpio). Occurrence of several fish species originating from the wild (bleak, Alburnus alburnus, chub, Leuciscus cephalus and roach, Rutilus rutilus) was also reported. The pond canal was found to be an important reservoir site of persistent survival and potential subsequent spreading of some undesirable alien fishes such as topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) and gibel carp (Carrasius auratus). Moreover, more attention should be paid to the potential negative impacts of all fishes of aquaculture origin upon the natural ecosystem and to the adverse effects due to the immigration of wild fish into aquaculture pond farming units.  相似文献   

Constructed shallow zones along navigation canals: vegetation establishment and change in relation to environmental characteristics     

Ger Boedeltje  Alfons J.P. Smolders  Jan G.M. Roelofs  Jan M. Van Groenendael 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2001,11(6):453-471

An Erratum has been published for this article in Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 12(2), 2002, 251

• 1. In recent decades shallow zones have been constructed along navigation canals in the Netherlands which form a potential new habitat for aquatic macrophytes and helophytes absent from traditional canals.
• 2. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between the aquatic plant vegetation that becomes established and the physical and chemical characteristics of water and sediment, in order to find the determinants of species composition and the changes therein. Data were collected in 1998 and 1999 from 80 plots in bank zones at varying stages of development since construction along two navigation canals.
• 3. Plots 3–5 years old were partly dominated by rooting submerged macrophytes such as Potamogeton pectinatus, Elodea nuttallii and Potamogeton pusillus; locally non‐rooting species occurred such as Ceratophyllum demersum, Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza. Older plots contained Phragmites australis, locally mixed with free‐floating species. Hydrological isolation from the eutrophic canals was indicated by the presence of Chara vulgaris.
• 4. Characteristics of both water layer and sediment could explain the variation in vegetation composition. Rooting submerged macrophytes predominantly occurred in sites with a thin (<2 cm) layer of sediment with relatively low concentrations of organic matter; moreover, ammonium concentrations in the water layer and sediment pore water were relatively low. Stands of non‐rooting macrophytes and of Phragmites australis were characterized by a relatively thick sediment layer and high ammonium levels in the pore water. Light limitation in turbid water, associated with navigation and eutrophication, may also play a role.
• 5. Although submerged aquatic macrophytes persist for a relatively short time, shallow zones nevertheless function as a habitat for helophyte communities and contribute to a higher aquatic biodiversity than is associated with traditional banks along navigation canals.

Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

梯形渠道衬砌冻胀破坏弹性地基板模型   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何鹏飞  候光亮  董建华  曹海涛  马永斌 《农业工程学报》2022,38(23):91-100

为探讨开放系统中梯形混凝土衬砌渠道的冻胀问题,根据衬砌板与冻土地基的相互关系,采用 Winkler弹性地基板理论建立了考虑冻胀力和冻结力作用的衬砌板冻胀破坏力学模型,使用解析法得到了衬砌板变形和内力解,对不同地下水埋深、衬砌板几何参数的影响规律进行了分析。通过与已有现场观测值和计算值进行对比,验证了弹性地基板理论计算结果的正确性。研究结果表明：坡板在非均匀分布的冻胀力作用下,挠度、弯矩和剪力也表现为非均匀分布,挠度最大值在坡顶距坡脚2/3处,弯矩最大值靠近底板位置,拉应力分布与内力分布规律一致,与已有研究结果吻合。与梁理论相比,板理论计算结果表明衬砌板的挠度和内力沿板宽方向为非均匀分布,挠度和弯矩在自由边界（纵向伸缩缝）处增大,扭矩主要分布在衬砌板的拐角处。切向冻结力对渠道冻胀影响较小,在原渠道工况下,不考虑切向冻结力与考虑最大切向冻结力之间,最大挠度相差0.7 mm。针对不同地下水位的渠道,给出了衬砌板的安全厚度,可为现浇混凝土梯形渠道的抗冻胀设计提供参考和理论依据。  相似文献   

标准农田建设中现浇渠施工工艺——钢架四面立模一次成型技术     

张天荣 《福建农业科技》2014,(3):28-29

从材料选择、模板制作及安装、砼的制作及养护等方面介绍了标准农田建设中现浇渠施工工艺,即钢架四面立模一次成型技术。  相似文献   

骟树原理与推论     

王俊杰  孟少童 《甘肃林业科技》2014,(1):1-10

介绍总结了骟树伐木技术及其优点、起源和文化内涵,该技术仅存在于甘肃省陇南市武都区角弓乡一带,属民间技术,富有地方特色。结合植物解剖学、生理学等知识,分析提出栈糖渠模型,系统解释了骟树伐木原理,并推广应用该模型解释了一些树木学现象,进而改进该模型分析植物,描绘出一幅粗线条的植物进化路线图。  相似文献   

城市古运河水岸景观设计研究——以镇江古运河中段景观设计为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴攀  王云 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2014,(2):84-88, 94

水岸是古运河景观的重要组成部分,古运河水岸景观的合理设计对于古运河在当代社会中发挥新的作用及对人的需求有着重要的作用。以江苏省镇江市运河水岸景观设计为例,分析探讨了城市运河水岸环境的建造中,根据现场来创造具有当地地域特色的运河水岸景观,并且根据人的活动需求,来设计出富有生命力的运河水岸空间。对于其他城市型水岸景观的建设具有良好的借鉴作用。  相似文献   

几种混凝土衬砌防渗渠的比较与选优     

陆成汉  姜留宾 《节水灌溉》2000,(6):33-34

本文在对３种混凝土防渗渠进行定性分析的基础上，利用“模糊综合评判法”进行了综合评价，得出了“大力推广钢模预制Ｕ形渠，逐步淘汰卷板式Ｕ形渠，限制使用梯形渠”的结论。  相似文献   

黄河下游引黄灌区渠道水利用系数估算方法   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

白美健  许迪  蔡林根  李益农 《农业工程学报》2003,19(3):80-84

以山东簸箕李引黄灌区为例，根据3种实测方法得到的渠道渗漏水量损失观测数据，利用理论方法确定渠床渗透系数和地下水顶托修正系数。在对干渠以下各级渠道进行概化分类的基础上，采用回归分析方法建立灌区干渠以下各级渠道渗漏水量损失与流量间的相关关系，给出依据渠道流量估算渠道水利用系数的经验公式。由于该估算方法仅根据渠道流量即可获得相应的渠道水利用系数，故具有简便可行、实用性强的显著特点，为黄河下游灌区制定灌溉输配水计划提供了合理依据。  相似文献   

渠井用水比对灌区降水响应及其环境效应分析     

李平  齐学斌  Magzum Nuroll  黄仲冬  梁志杰  乔冬梅 《农业工程学报》2015,31(11):123-128

渠井结合灌区适宜渠井用水比例关系灌区地下水环境和区域农业可持续发展。该文以人民胜利渠灌区为例,集合了灌区1954-2014年农业用水量及降水量、研究区域2008-2014年渠井用水比、地下水埋深、地下水水化学特征数据,分析了降雨量、地下水动态特征与渠井用水比例的相关性,以期探明渠井结合灌区渠井用水比对降雨的响应及其对土壤和地下水环境的影响。结果表明,典型渠井结合灌区渠井用水比与年降水量呈线性正相关;渠系上游地下水水位变化较下游更为剧烈,在用水水平、用水方式一致条件下,渠井用水比例越大,地下水埋深超过11 m区域增幅越小,较大的渠井用水比例对于上游地下水位下降减缓效果明显;平水期、枯水期,由于渠井用水比例不合理,地下水无序开采且超采严重,区域地下水碱化趋势明显;受气候变化影响,近5 a渠灌水量仅为多年均值的75.52%,未来区域降水量具有减小趋势,这势必进一步加剧农业水资源紧缺的形式。为了满足农业的正常生产,增加灌区地下水开采成为唯一解决途径,这势必加剧地下水的碱化趋势及地下水超采区的扩大。因此,确定灌区适宜的渠井用水比例对于灌区水资源的科学利用与农业的可持续发展具有重要意义。  相似文献