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2010年3～5月对汉江汉中段纤毛虫群落结构进行了研究,共鉴定到68种纤毛虫,隶属于3纲、12目、35属,优势种为钩刺斜管虫(Chilodonella uncinata)、齿楯纤虫(Aspidisca dentata)、有肋楯纤虫(Aspidisca costata)、毛板壳虫(Coleps hirtus)、珍珠映毛虫(Cinetochilum margaritaceum)、颗粒膜袋虫(Cyclidium granulosum)、单一膜袋虫(Cyclidium singulare)、盘状游仆虫(Euplotespatella)等8种。通过多样性指数、营养类群和污生指数3个指标对水体进行评价,结果表明,汉江水质受到中度污染。 相似文献
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G. Jager H. Velvis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(7):623-633
Because biological control ofRhizoctonia solani in potato with conidial suspensions of the mycoparasiteVerticillium biguttatum was often less successful in sandy soils than in loamy soils, we examined soils of potato fields for the presence of organisms destructive to conidia ofV. biguttatum.Representatives of conidiophagous testate amoebae were frequently present on sclerotium disks ofR. solani infected withV. biguttatum in all soils studied and were most active under moist conditions. Conidiophagous naked amoebae were also numerous, except for two loam soils, and were not sensitive to moist conditions. Conidiophagous ciliates were found in rather low numbers and were most frequently isolated from coarsely structured soils under moist conditions. Conidiophagous flagellates were very infrequently observed.A bacterial type, parasitizing and killing conidia and hyphae ofV. biguttatum, was observed in all soils studied. It produced clusters of cocci fixed to the outside of conidia and hyphae and was most active under moist soil conditions.The possible role of protozoan predators and bacterial parasites in the biological control ofR. solani in potato withV. biguttatum applied at planting is discussed. 相似文献
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Current status of parasitic ciliates Chilodonella spp. (Phyllopharyngea: Chilodonellidae) in freshwater fish aquaculture 
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下载免费PDF全文 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(5):703-715
Freshwater fish farming contributes to more than two‐thirds of global aquaculture production. Parasitic ciliates are one of the largest causes of production loss in freshwater farmed fishes, with species from the genus Chilodonella being particularly problematic. While Chilodonella spp. include ‘free‐living’ fauna, some species are involved in mortality events of fish, particularly in high‐density aquaculture. Indeed, chilodonellosis causes major productivity losses in over 16 species of farmed freshwater fishes in more than 14 countries. Traditionally, Chilodonella species are identified based on morphological features; however, the genus comprises yet uncharacterized cryptic species, which indicates the necessity for molecular diagnostic methods. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biology, ecology and geographic distribution of harmful Chilodonella spp. and examines pathological signs, diagnostic methods and treatments. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics and the ability to culture Chilodonella spp. in vitro will enable the development of preventative management practices and sustained freshwater fish aquaculture production. 相似文献
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为进一步鉴定和体外培养引起养殖海水鱼类和棘皮动物体表溃烂的致病性盾纤毛虫,分别从辽宁地区养殖的患病刺参Apostichopus japonicus、红鳍东方鲀Takifugu rubripes和大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus的体表分离出3种盾纤毛虫,采用活体观察、甲醛固定观察、扫描电镜观察、醋酸洋红染色... 相似文献
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Jun Murase Yoko Shinohara Kazunori Yokoe Risa Matsuda Susumu Asakawa Tomoyoshi Hashimoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):927-933
Soil solarization is an ecologically friendly method of controlling various plant pathogens and pests, but also affects non-pathogenic members of the soil biota. Here, we studied the impact of soil solarization on the community structure of soil ciliates using a culture-independent molecular approach, namely denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of targeted 18S rRNA gene fragments. Greenhouse soil with added organic fertilizers was solarized for 33 days at an average temperature of 47–48°C. Solarization caused a drastic change in the ciliate community. The variation between replicates was large, which suggested that the distribution of ciliates was spatially heterogeneous in the soil, probably due to their decreased numbers. In contrast, non-solarized soil had a stable and homogeneous ciliate community during the experimental period. In solarized soil, most of the original ciliate community recovered 76 days after solarization. Sequence analysis of DGGE fragments indicated that both r-selected and K-selected species of ciliates were affected by solarization but recovered with time after solarization. Our results demonstrated both the vulnerability and resilience of the ciliate community to soil solarization and also the utility of using molecular-based analysis of ciliate communities as bioindicators of soil stress caused by solarization. 相似文献
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鼎湖山不同森林类型土壤纤毛虫群落比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了丰富对鼎湖山自然保护区生物多样性的研究,了解不同植被类型下土壤原生动物群落的特征,本文对采自鼎湖山自然保护区7种不同植被下的土壤样品进行了土壤纤毛虫定性和定量分析。结果显示:在全部土壤样品中,共检出44属70种土壤纤毛虫。在全部纤毛虫种类中,仅有4种出现在全部土壤样中,它们分别是Bresslaua vorax、Colpoda cucullus、Cyclidium elogatum和Cyrtolophosis elongata。依据物种出现频率高低,鼎湖山自然保护区土壤纤毛虫中,广布种和特有种较少,而常见种较多。不同植被类型下土壤纤毛虫群落丰度介于1 730~29 200 ind./g,表现为针叶林-马尾松林山顶灌草丛针阔叶混交林河岸常绿阔叶林沟谷常绿阔叶林温带季风常绿阔叶林山地常绿阔叶林的特点。纤毛虫群落相似性分析显示:各样点土壤纤毛虫群落间处于中等不相似(0.25~0.5)到中等相似(0.5~0.75)的水平。从本研究结果看,土壤纤毛虫的分布更符合Foissner的"生物地理模型"。相关性分析显示:土壤含水量与土壤纤毛虫丰度之间有极显著的相关性(P0.01),而土壤NO–3-N含量与纤毛虫丰度也有显著的相关性(P0.05)。而多元相关分析表明鼎湖山土壤纤毛虫丰度变化与多个土壤理化因子组合共同作用间存在相关性,其中土壤含水量均作为一个重要组合元素出现。CCA分析显示不同的土壤理化因子对一具体纤毛虫种类的作用存有差异。 相似文献
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海洋贝类几种危害性纤毛虫的研究↑（*） 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采自山东沿海贝类外套腔的４种危害性纤毛虫———指状拟舟虫、海洋拟阿脑虫、弗州拟尾丝虫及水滴伪康纤虫,在分类地位上分属于寡膜纲、盾纤目、嗜污亚目中的２个科。本文对其活体形态学及纤毛图式做了研究,并对其发生规律、危害程度与方式及防范途径进行了探讨。 相似文献