活塞中凸型线数控加工的一种逼近方法     

王红茹  颉潭成 《农机化研究》2006,(1):97-98

针对发动机活塞纵剖面型线的不规则性,提出了采用3次样条插值和双圆弧拟合相结合逼近加工曲线的方法,推导出了适用于计算机编程的3次样条插值计算公式;分析了双圆弧拟合的原理,并对逼近误差进行分析,满足了加工拟合曲线的要求。  相似文献   

A model of decision-making and information flows for information-intensive agriculture     

S. Fountas  D. Wulfsohn  B.S. Blackmore  H.L. Jacobsen  S.M. Pedersen 《Agricultural Systems》2006

This paper describes the development of a systems based model to characterise farmers’ decision-making process in information-intensive practices, and its evaluation in the context of Precision Agriculture (PA). A participative methodology was developed in which farm managers decomposed their process of decision-making into brief decision statements along with associated information requirements. The methodology was first developed on a university research farm in Denmark and further revised during testing on a number of research and commercial farms in Indiana, USA. Twenty-one decision-analysis factors were identified to characterise a farm manager’s decision-making process. Then, a general data flow diagram (DFD) was constructed that describes the information flows “from data to decision”. Illustrative examples of the model in the form of DFDs are presented for a strategic, a tactical and an operational decision. The model was validated for a range of decisions related to operations by three university farm managers and by five commercial farmers practicing PA for cereal, corn and soybean production in Denmark and in Indiana, USA.  相似文献   

Potential farmer contributions to the design process: Indications from Indonesia     

Douglas L. Vermillion 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1990,4(2):133-150

The paper argues that conventional irrigation design processes rely heavily on predetermined design criteria, often without allowing for interactions with farmers and revising of criteria during implementation. Six cases from a tertiary development project in North Sulawesi, Indonesia are described, where farmers altered what had been designed and constructed by contracting and agency engineers. Through field inspections and farmer interviews, the farmers' alternative set of design criteria was elicited to explain why the farmers changed what had been constructed. A total of 27 cases are analyzed to show the relative importance of:

–	farmer criteria which are compatible with project criteria but which draw on local knowledge of the environment,
–	farmer criteria which were additional to project criteria and
–	farmer criteria which were incompatible with project criteria.
–	Some mechanisms are suggested for how to incorporate into the design process local knowledge, interactive learning and flexibility.

  相似文献   

利用振动特性诊断流程泵的运行工况   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

倪永燕  袁寿其  潘中永  袁建平 《排灌机械》2007,25(2):49-52,60

用所建立的用于描述振动强度的范数说明了泵在偏离原设计工况运行时会导致泵轴向力和径向力的增大。将流程泵叶轮叶片和压水室的隔舌看作旋涡发生体，在不同运行工况下在叶片后缘以及隔舌两侧串联发生的卡门涡街的发射频率是不同的。采用加速度传感器采集的振动信号正反应了这种工况变动。通过对振动信号进行基于EMD的能量算子解调以及频谱分析，发现得到的最大幅值处的频率就是叶轮叶片的通过频率。试验表明，得到的次大幅值处的频率就是卡门涡街的发射频率，可根据该频率处幅值的相对大小来判断泵是否在合理的工况内运行。  相似文献   

罗湾水电站引水系统过渡过程研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

赖旭  朱渊岳 《中国农村水利水电》2003,(5):70-71

为了对罗湾水电站增容前后的引水系统过渡过程和机组增容改造对引水系统建筑物的影响进行研究，应用水击计算方法中的电算法进行计算，得出了调压室最低、最高涌浪水位，蜗壳处最大压力水头和机组转速最大升高。结果表明，电站增容后引水系统完全能满足有关规范和设计的要求。  相似文献   

爆破溃副坝的流量过程线计算方法及其应用     

冯民权  荣丰涛  周孝德 《灌溉排水学报》2002,21(2):67-70

在考虑特定水库的入流、库容特性及阻力、泄洪特性的基础上 ,按照水量平衡与输沙平衡原理 ,提出副坝逐渐溃决的流量过程线的 1种新的计算方法 ,该方法被用于某水库安全问题的研究 ,结果表明该方法是切实可行的。  相似文献   

Diagnosis of regional evaporation by remote sensing to support irrigation performance assessment     

W. G. M. Bastiaanssen  T. Van der Wal  T. N. M. Visser 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1996,10(1):1-23

The success of water management in large irrigation schemes with composites of soil, crop, wetness and micro-meteorological conditions is difficult to quantify. Performance assessment indicators, being among others a function of evaporation, are useful tools to evaluate the actual functioning of an irrigation system. The inevitable spatial variability of evaporation in large irrigation schemes makes its determination with conventional point measurements almost impossible. A new remote sensing evaporation parameterization algorithm has been tested with high resolution Landsat Thematic Mapper data for the Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt. Although the implementation of such an algorithm requires assumptions to be made, the current case study shows that these assumptions do not hamper the estimation of actual and potential evaporation at regional scale. The actual evaporation has been used to express the uniformity of crop water use which is related to the equity of irrigation water distribution. The coefficient of variance in actual evaporation between 53 differenent irrigation districts is 10% on average. The relative evaporation was considered to determine whether the crop was adequately irrigated. The relative evaporation was more than 75% for 48 out of 53 irrigation districts. It is concluded, that improved information on actual crop growth conditions through remote sensing provides an essential insight into the planning of real-time and seasonal irrigation water deliveries.  相似文献   

探索"思想道德修养与法律基础"课程教学实践环节新途径     

皮伟  刘先凡 《湖南农机》2007,(9):65-67

"思想道德修养与法律基础"课(简称"基础"课)作为对大学生进行思想道德素质和法律素质教育的主渠道之一,在大学生思想政治教育与法律基础教育中发挥着极为重要的作用。针对目前我国高校"基础"课教学在教育观念和教学方式方面存在的不足,本文从在课程教学设计上突出道德与法律基础教学的实践环节、激发和调动大学生参与思想道德和法律基础教学实践的积极性和主动性、重视教学实践的科学性等几个方面入手,对"基础"课的教学实践环节进行了尝试性的探索。  相似文献   

灌区运行状况综合评价权重系数的确定   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

朱秀珍  崔远来  李远华  罗玉峰  郑祖金 《灌溉排水学报》2004,23(1):10-13

由于主观赋权法确定的权重系数与评价者的知识结构及偏好有关,它存在较浓的主观色彩,为了避免这种弊端,利用客观赋权法拉开档次法来确定权重系数,并用于灌区运行状况的综合评价。"拉开档次"法直接利用评价对象评价指标的实际观测值来确定权重系数,这种方法在整个评价过程中无人为的干扰,这将更能体现评价结果的真实性、可靠性与合理性。通过某灌区实例分析可知该方法可靠、分析结果合理,可为灌区运行评价提供科学依据。  相似文献   

二相UASB反应器中产酸颗粒污泥和产甲烷颗粒污泥的物理性质和化学成分   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈坚  刘晓梅  吴敬  李春生  伦世仪 《中国沼气》1993,(2)

本文对二相UASB反应器中产酸和产甲烷颗粒污泥的物理性质和化学成分进行了初步的研究。结果表明:(1)二种颗粒污泥均具有良好的沉降性能,并且产酸颗粒污泥的湿密度、强度和稳定性均优于产甲烷颗粒污泥。(2)二种颗粒污泥的表面元素基本相同,但内部Ca,Si含量相差较大,并且均未发现有FeS存在。(3)产酸和产甲烷颗粒污泥中胞外多聚物(ECP)的含量分别为0.57％和1.46％(以污泥干重计)。ECP中的主要成分为糖和糖醛酸。  相似文献