藜麦叶片黄酮类物质的提取及基因型差异   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

陆敏佳  蒋玉蓉  陈国林  毛前  陆国权 《浙江农林大学学报》2014,31(4):534-540

为了优化藜麦Chenopodium quinoa叶片黄酮的乙醇提取工艺和分析基因型间的差异,为藜麦黄酮的开发和高黄酮的品种筛选提供理论依据,采用3因子3水平正交试验设计,探讨了乙醇体积分数、料液比和浸提时间等因素对藜麦叶片黄酮提取率的影响;并采用最佳提取条件,对10个不同基因型品种藜麦的叶片黄酮得率进行了比较分析。结果表明:藜麦叶片黄酮最佳提取条件为体积分数70%乙醇,1∶40料液比,80℃水浴下回流浸提0.5 h。在优化条件下,1次提取工艺得率达85%以上。各因素对叶片黄酮提取率的影响程度依次为:浸提时间>乙醇体积分数>料液比。比较结果发现:藜麦叶片黄酮得率存在明显基因型差异,其中品种PI814932的叶片黄酮类物质得率最高,达0.933%。所测藜麦品种的叶片黄酮平均得率为0.619%,变异系数为34.44%。研究表明:乙醇回流法适于提取藜麦总黄酮类化合物。  相似文献   

Diversity of Antioxidant Content and Its Relationship to Grain Color and Morphological Characteristics in Winter Wheat Grains     

MA  Dong-yun SUN  De-xiang ZUO  Yi WANG  Chen-yang ZHU  Yun-ji GUO  Tian-cai 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(6):1258-1267

The current interest in the health beneifts of whole wheat grain has prompted breeders to further increase the concentration of antioxidants in wheat. The objective of this study was to investigate the variation in antioxidant content among Chinese wheat grains and the relationship between antioxidants and grain color and morphological characteristics. A wide variation was observed in the total phenolic, carotenoid and lfavonoid contents, as well as the antioxidant activity （AOA）, of Chinese wheat varieties. Black wheat had the highest mean total phenolic, carotenoid and lfavonoid contents and the highest AOA, followed by red and white wheats. The grain color parameters were signiifcantly negatively correlated with total phenolic, carotenoid and lfavonoid contents and AOA among all of the wheat varieties examined, and grain weight was also signiifcantly negatively correlated with these traits. The same correlation between grain weight and antioxidant traits was also observed within individual groups of wheat, which indicates that grain weight may be used as an index for selecting wheat varieties with high AOA. Landraces had signiifcantly higher lfavonoid content than commercial wheat varieties. The results of this study may be useful for breeding nutrient-rich wheat varieties.  相似文献   

响应面法优化甘麦大枣汤的提取工艺     

候深东  方毅承  王静  曲有乐 《安徽农业科学》2014,(29):10142-10145,10161

[目的]优化甘麦大枣汤的提取工艺。[方法]选择溶媒用量、浸泡时间、煎煮时间、提取温度4个影响中药提取率的因素进行单因素试验,在此基础上选取料液比、提取时间和提取温度3个主要因素进行响应面分析,得出最佳工艺条件。[结果]该研究确定的最佳提取条件为料液比15.79∶1、提取时间80 min、提取温度60℃,预测黄酮提取率最大,为0.108 5%。[结论]该研究理论值与实测值相吻合,所确定的工艺条件可以指导甘麦大枣汤的提取。  相似文献   

基于中麻黄萌发种子转录组的黄酮类化合物合成途径基因的挖掘   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邓楠  史胜青  常二梅  刘建锋  兰倩  江泽平 《林业科学研究》2014,27(6):758-763

应用新一代高通量测序技术(Illumina Solexa),对中麻黄(Ephedra intermedin)同萌期的种子进行转录组测序,数据重头(denovo)组装后,共获得52 007条Unigene序列,总长为25 043 596 bp。COG功能注释、GO分类及KEGG代谢通路分析后,获得了64 751个GO功能注释,17 701个COG功能注释以及16 942个KEGG注释,并从KEGG通路中找到参与黄酮类化合物合成途径的关键基因片段283个,其中包含了查尔酮合酶基因、细胞色素相关基因和花青素还原酶等基因。中麻黄转录组测序工作的完成,极大地扩充了麻黄的基因资源,为麻黄属植物分子系统进化分析、抗性和药用功能基因的发掘与利用、遗传改良等研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

柿叶总黄酮超声辅助提取工艺研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙化鹏  张珉  钟晓红 《湖南林业科技》2014,(5):18-21

通过正交试验设计,优选柿叶中总黄酮的超声辅助提取工艺,并对湖南省不同地区、不同品种柿叶原料中总黄酮的含量进行了分析比较。结果表明:超声辅助提取柿叶总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度60%、料液比1∶50、超声时间30 min、超声温度60℃;湖南省不同地区、不同品种的柿叶原料中总黄酮的含量有明显差异,表明品种差异、地区差异以及栽培管理条件都是影响柿叶原料中总黄酮含量的重要因素。  相似文献   

响应面法优化番荔枝果肉黄酮提取工艺     

黄小红  刘小明  邓开野  王金丽 《广东农业科学》2014,41(17):97-100

以番荔枝为材料,通过颜色反应法及紫外吸收光谱法初步鉴定番荔枝果肉的黄酮类物质.以芦丁为标准品,利用紫外分光光度法测定样品的黄酮含量,并利用响应面法对番荔枝黄酮提取工艺进行优化.结果表明:在乙醇浓度为51％、料液比为1∶10(W/V)、提取温度为81℃、提取时间为2.5 h下,番荔枝中提取的黄酮含量为735 mg/100g.此方法简单、快捷、准确,可用于提取番荔枝果肉黄酮.  相似文献   

Phylogenetic studies in Citrus reticulata and related types     

H. C. Dass  G. S. Randhawa  D. Prakash 《Euphytica》1977,26(3):805-810

Summary Sixteen types of mandarins were screened for their leaf flavonoid patterns with the help of cellulose thin-layer chromatography. In general, Tanaka's classification of mandarins into 36 species is untenable, as was already concluded by Swingle (1948), Hodgson (1965) and Singh (1967). It is likely that a fine loose skinned mandarin was first evolved. Later, it hybridized with wild mandarin to give rise to numerous types and forms.Contribution No. 474 of Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore-6, India.  相似文献   

Inheritance of flower colour and flavonoid pigments in Gerbera     

A. Tyrach  W. Horn 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(4):377-381

The flower colour of Gerbera, an important ornamental cut flower, is derived from carotenoids and flavonoids. The knowledge of enzymological and genetic control of flavonoid biosynthesis is still incomplete. The present paper summarizes the results obtained at our institute between 1981 and 1993. The material for the investigation of phenotypic segregation and segregation of flavonoids after chromatographic analysis came from 408 progenies of controlled crosses. Phenotypic segregation analysis showed acyanic genotypes to be homozygous recessive and recessive epistatic over cyanic genotypes, respectively. This was confirmed by the existence of two loci controlling steps in biosynthesis (fht, dfr or ans) showing recessive mutants and complementary gene action after crosses. Flavone formation is effected by one dominant allele (fns⁺); dominant and recessive genotypes are now available. Regarding anthocyanidin inheritance, an unusual epistasis of 4′-hydroxylation (pelargonidin formation) over 3′,4′-hydroxylation (cyanidin formation) was observed. Final proof of the postulated gene actions will come from enzymological and molecular biological investigations of the chemogenetically defined Gerbera genotypes now available.  相似文献   

Genetic characterization of banana cultivars (Musa spp.) from Brazil using microsatellite markers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Creste  A. Tulmann Neto  S. de Oliveira Silva  A. Figueira 《Euphytica》2003,132(3):259-268

Flavonoids, in particular the anthocyanins,are responsible for flower colour in manyspecies. The dihydroflavonols represent abranch point in flavonoid biosynthesis,being the intermediates for production ofboth the coloured anthocyanins, through theaction of the enzyme dihydroflavonol4-reductase (DFR), and the colourlessflavonols, produced by flavonol synthase(FLS). In this study the white-flowered,flavonol accumulating Mitchell line ofpetunia was used as a model to examine theinteraction between DFR and FLS enzymeactivities and possibilities forredirecting flavonoid biosynthesis awayfrom production of flavonols and towardsanthocyanins. Introduction of a 35SCaMV-DFR sense transgene construct causedthe production of anthocyanins, resultingin a pink-flowered phenotype. Furthermore,inhibition of FLS production throughintroduction of an FLS antisense RNAconstruct also led to anthocyaninproduction and a pink-flowered phenotype. A combination of both transgenes gave thehighest level of anthocyanin formation. Anthocyanins were produced in the DFR-senseand FLS-antisense transgenic lines in spiteof the greatly reduced levels of geneexpression in the Mitchell line for threeenzymes late in anthocyanin biosynthesis,anthocyanindin synthase, UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase andUDP-rhamnose: anthocyanidin-3-glucosiderhamnosyltransferase. Thus, the level ofgene activity required for visibleanthocyanin formation is much lower thanthe high levels normally induced duringpetal development. Altering the balancebetween the DFR and FLS enzyme activities,using genetic modification, may be a usefulstrategy for introducing or increasinganthocyanin production in target ornamentalspecies.  相似文献   

培养基及培养条件对甘草愈伤组织生长和黄酮类化合物合成的影响   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

杨世海  刘晓峰  果德安  郑俊华 《吉林农业大学学报》2005,27(3):289-292,295

以MS，B5，N6，NN，6，7-V，WP为基本培养基，分析了不同类型培养基对甘草愈伤组织生长及黄酮类化合物生物合成的影响，并考察了培养基中添加的激素种类和浓度以及培养基酸碱度的作用。结果表明：在6种基本培养基中，以B5培养基最利于生物量的积累，异甘草素含量最高WP培养基最利于甘草素的合成，其次是6，7-V培养基，以N6培养基最差；当培养基中添加0．1mg／L NAA时，甘草素含量最高，达57．24μg/g，当培养基中添加1．0mg/L NAA时，异甘草素含量最高，达36．45μg/g；pH值为6时，甘草愈伤组织生物量积累最高，同时对黄酮类化合物甘草苷和甘草素的生物合成也最为有利，尤其是甘草苷，积累量最高，达46.88μg/g，比其它pH值处理高152．8％～245．5％。  相似文献