Experiments on triaxial mechanical properties of soft coal containing gas          下载免费PDF全文

ZHAO Hongbao  ZHANG Hongbing  YIN Guangzhi 《保鲜与加工》2013,(1):103-109

Taking briquette specimens composed by soft coal with outbursting trends as research object, systematic research of the influence on triaxial mechanical properties of soft coal containing gas caused by confining pressure and gas pressure is done. The results show that confining pressure can significantly affect mechanical properties of soft coal containing gas, the compression phase of soft coal containing gas is obvious and the triaxial strength is increased gradually as confining pressure is increased; the influence on elastic modulus and shape of stress-strain curve is not obvious. The triaxial strength of soft coal containing gas shows decrease trend as gas pressure is increased; the influence on strength of soft coal containing gas caused by gas pressure is obvious when the confining pressure is smaller, but it is not obvious when the confining pressure is bigger. the influence caused by gas pressure on elastic modulus and deformation of yield step is not obvious; gas pressure has not only obvious mechanical effects,but also have chemical action on soft coal containing gas; stress-strain curve of soft coal containing gas can be expressed by conic, the influence caused by gas pressure can be considered as equivalent confining pressure effects.  相似文献   

Effects of Different Irrigation Levels and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), Photosynthesis Activator,Traditional Fertilizer on Yield and Growth Parameters of Dry Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) in Arid Climatic Conditions     

M. Cüneyt Bağdatli  Oktay Erdoğan 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(5):527-537

A field experiment has been conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation water and AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) biofertilizer, photosynthesis activator and traditional fertilizer dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on yield and growth parameters in Nevsehir Province of Turkey in 2015. The experiment has been carried out using three replications in a split plot design with three different irrigation types as main plots and AMF biofertilizer (ERS), photosynthesis activator (Multigreen-Mg), traditional fertilization (TF-Control), ERS + Mg, ERS + TF and TF + Mg applied as subplots. The number of pods per plant, the length of pods, the number of grains per pod, the weight of grains per plant, the yield of grains, 1000 seed weight, the number of grains per plant, protein yield, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi rate have been evaluated as yield and growth criteria in the study. In the experiment, as well as the treatment x irrigation interaction, the plant height, pod number per plant, pod lenght, grain number per pod, grain weight per plant, grain yield, 1000 seed weight, grain number per plant, protein rate/grain, protein yield, root weight and AMF colonization parameters, were the other studied properties that were found to be significant. The results obtained were 877.6 mm for I₁₀₀ irrigation treatment, 512.2 mm for I₅₀ irrigation treatment and 40.19 mm water for I₃₀ irrigation treatment. Regarding the growth parameters of dry bean, the highest PH was in ERS + Mg (67.66 cm), the lowest PH was in ERS (54.33 cm); In I₅₀, the highest Plant Height (PH) was in ERS + Mg (65.66 cm), the lowest PH was in TF-Control (53.00 cm); and in I₃₀, the highest PH was in TF-Control (50.66 cm), and the lowest PH was again in ERS + Mg (44.33 cm). For protein yield (PY) value, ERS + Mg, ERS + TF, TF + Mg have been placed in the same group, in I₁₀₀ and I₅₀ irrigation treatment. The highest value was ERS + TF (34.90 kg da^?1) in I₁₀₀, The lowest value was TF-control (19.90 kg da^?1) in I₃₀ irrigation treatment. In terms of mycorrhiza colonization ratio, ERS has been ranked first in all irrigation treatments, while the highest mycorrhiza colonization has been observed in I₃₀ irrigation treatment (26.30%). ERS was followed by ERS + Mg (23.33%). As expected, the lowest mycorrhiza colonization ratio in all irrigation treatments have been observed in TF-control treatment, while the highest mycorrhiza colonization ratio has been respectively observed in I₃₀ and I₅₀ irrigation topics. The highest root weight (RW) in I₁₀₀ irrigation treatment was observed in ERS (15.06 g plant^?1) and it was observed in ERS (19.05 g plant^?1; 26.30 g plant^?1) in I₅₀ and I₃₀ irrigation treatments. The lowest RW in all irrigation treatments has been observed in TF + Mg (4.43 g plant^?1, 6.40 g plant^?1, 10.26 g plant^?1), respectively.  相似文献   

Sowing date effects on dry matter remobilization and yield of triticale (Triticosecale wittmack) under late season drought stress     

Ehsan Bijanzadeh  Vahid Barati  Yahya Emam 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(7):681-695

A 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged as split-split-plot with three replicates was conducted to investigate the effects of different sowing dates. Different irrigation regimes and different triticale cultivars were tested during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Under cutting off irrigation at the milk development stage, Sanabad with 46.2% had higher relative water content on December 3 sowing date. Assimilate remobilization in cutting off irrigation at dough development was more than that at milk development and Sanabad had the highest assimilate remobilization on 3 December sowing date in both years. In both years, Sanabad had the highest remobilization efficiency. The highest contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain was obtained on 3 December sowing date in both years in Sanabad. Lower grain yield in Juanillo cultivar under cutting off irrigation, appeared to be due to reduction in remobilization efficiency, especially by cutting off irrigation at milk development stage in late sowing date. Overall, Sanabad was more tolerant to cutting off irrigation than Juanillo.  相似文献   

不同灌水量与每穴直播粒数对滴灌水稻生长发育及产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

《灌溉排水学报》2019,(9)

【目的】探索滴灌水稻高产高效的适宜灌溉定额及播种量。【方法】本试验在新疆农业科学院国家灰漠土肥力与肥料效应监测基地进行,设置3个灌溉定额水平,分别为796 mm(W1)、938 mm(W2)、1 059 mm(W3),每穴直播粒数设为每穴8粒(D1)、14粒(D2)、20粒(D3)3个水平,观测比较不同生育期株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累量等生长指标,分析不同灌水量与每穴直播粒数对滴灌水稻生长发育、产量及水分利用效率的影响。【结果】灌水量与每穴直播粒数交互作用以组合W3D1株高、叶面积指数和干物质积累量最高,分别为83.46 cm、8.46和2 962.67 g/m2,交互作用达到极显著水平(p≤0.01);W3D1处理产量最高达到6 789.00 kg/hm~2,灌水量对产量的影响达到显著水平(p≤0.05);W3D1水分利用效率为最优组合达到0.65 kg/m3。每穴直播粒数为8粒时,与W1、W2处理相比,W3处理产量增幅为54.95%、30.24%;W3处理中,D1处理与D2、D3处理相比,产量增幅分别为19.11%、23.96%。【结论】在本试验条件下,W3D1组合灌溉水量及每穴直播粒数为最佳。  相似文献   

人工补水促进侧柏林地的种子萌发及天然更新     

《灌溉排水学报》2019,(Z1)

随着侧柏(Platycludus orientalis)林进入中成熟龄阶段,其更新和健康经营问题逐渐凸显出来。【目的】解决侧柏林内土壤湿度不足、籽苗稀少的问题并确定最佳补水时期。【方法】依据山地水土汇集面、沟谷两侧和集水池周边侧柏籽苗较密集的现实,进行人工促进侧柏林地种子萌发和天然更新的研究,应用小穴整地、模拟天然下种、人工灌水和林地模拟育苗等手段。【结果】于2017年秋季在济南燕子山上成功地促生许多侧柏苗。侧柏种子成熟期林地土壤水分不足是种子萌发的限制性因素之一。【结论】秋季9月为灌溉补水人工促进侧柏种子萌发的关键期,在适宜的光照条件下,可以有效地促进林地种子萌发和籽苗存活。  相似文献   

Calculation of Irrigation Infiltration Recharge Coefficient and Analysis of Influencing Factors in the Lower Reaches of Aksu River北大核心CSCD     

Wang L.Li S.Wang Y.Wang X. 《灌溉排水学报》2019,(11):65-73

【Objective】In order to obtain the irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient in the lower reaches of Aksu river and improve the numerical simulation accuracy of groundwater in the study area,the influencing factors of the irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient in this area were analyzed. 【Method】In this paper,field sampling and indoor irrigation experiments were carried out by selecting representative points under different irrigation schemes,vadose zone thickness and soil structure in the lower Aksu area,and numerical simulation of vadose zone flow was carried out in combination with Hydrus-1d. Hydrus-1d model was used to calculate irrigation inflow under this soil structure by changing irrigation schemes and vadose zone thickness. Change of seepage recharge coefficient. On the basis of the calculation results of the model,the relationship between irrigation schedule,aeration zone thickness and irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient is analyzed firstly,and then the main factors affecting irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient in soil structure are analyzed with the method of model calculation and mathematical statistics. 【Result】The results showed that the irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient ranged from 0.320 to 0.474 under drip irrigation and from 0.408 to 0.561 under border irrigation. The irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient varied under different irrigation schemes,while the irrigation infiltration recharge coefficient decreased with the increase of aeration zone thickness. The main factors affecting irrigation infiltration recharge are soil permeability coefficient,soil bulk density and initial soil water content. 【Conclusion】According to indoor experiment combined with numerical model to calculate the irrigation infiltration coefficient under different irrigation system range, it is concluded that the influence factors of irrigation infiltration coefficient of irrigation system, the thickness of the vadose zone and reflects soil permeability coefficient of soil structure, soil quality and soil initial moisture content, volume for the downstream area irrigation infiltration coefficient selection in arid areas and provides the theory basis for further research. © 2019 Journal of Irrigation and Drainage. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

连续平压法中密度纤维板常见质量问题及其解决措施     

周伟 《国际木业》2019,(3):46-48

Zhou Wei  相似文献   

雄安新区上游农业种植结构及需水时空演变   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

白志杰  任丹丹  杨艳敏  胡玉昆  杨永辉 《中国生态农业学报》2019,27(7):1067-1077

本文利用作物模型模拟小麦、玉米灌溉需水量,结合蒸发皿法估算蔬菜、果树等其他作物需水量,回溯雄安新区上游1986-2015年农业种植结构及农业需水的时空演变趋势,摸清不同作物的需水量比例及时间变化,并推算了消除降水年际波动的1970-2015年农作物灌溉需水量,探讨单纯人类活动下的农业需水量变化趋势。结果表明,1986-2015年,研究区作物播种总面积总体呈上升趋势,耕地面积多年平均84.9万hm²,有效灌溉面积平均71.3万hm²,占总耕地面积的84%。其中小麦播种面积稍有下降,玉米、蔬菜播种面积显著增加,果树种植比例在山区增加、平原区减少。研究区多年平均灌溉需水量22.52×10⁸ m³,小麦、玉米、蔬菜、果树和其他作物分别占灌溉需水总量的58.6%、12.6%、5.8%、16.3%和6.7%,受播种面积增加影响,1970-2015年,蔬菜和果树需水显著上升。从空间上来看,灌溉需水总量在上游山区上升显著,而在平原区表现为下降;排除降水的年际波动后,研究区作物需水自1970年以来一直呈上升趋势,进入20世纪80年代中期,虽然整体上升减缓,但随农业播种总面积增加和蔬菜、水果需水增加影响,需水量整体呈缓慢上升趋势。因此,控制上游农业用水,种植低耗水作物、减少耗水作物的种植面积,是恢复雄安新区清水产流的关键。  相似文献   

古田会址旅游景区空气负离子浓度变化特征与气象因素分析     

刘佳明  刘君  李镜玉 《防护林科技》2019,(6):45-47,92

利用古田会址旅游景区空气清新指数综合监测站采集到的负氧离子浓度及其他气象数据,对该区负氧离子浓度变化特征及其与气象因素的关系进行了分析。结果表明:该景区白天负氧离子浓度值大于凌晨和夜间,负氧离子浓度的上升下降与太阳的起落时间大致相同。负氧离子浓度与气象要素的相关性表现不明显,短时强降水能够显著增加空气中的负氧离子浓度,但随着降水的停止,负氧离子浓度也快速降低。  相似文献   

日光温室正压湿帘冷风降温性能及冷负荷计算模型     

孙维拓  周波  徐凡  尚超  Chungui Lu  郭文忠 《农业工程学报》2019,35(16):214-224

负压湿帘风机降温被广泛应用于温室生产中,但存在降温均匀性差、限制温室长度及对温室密闭性要求高等不足。为克服负压湿帘风机降温的局限性,提高日光温室降温能力,该研究设计了日光温室正压湿帘冷风降温系统,其气流组织方式为湿冷空气从南屋面底部进入日光温室,热空气由顶开窗排出室外。在北京地区无作物的日光温室对系统夏季降温增湿效果及性能进行试验,试验结果表明:在典型夏季高温白天,正压湿帘冷风降温系统配合遮阳网可将日光温室试验区内平均气温控制在30.7～33.4℃,比采用自然通风配合遮阳网的对照区低5.4～11.1℃,比室外低2.4～5.4℃,降温效果良好;夜间系统对温室降温幅度减小。该系统可有效缓解低湿胁迫,日光温室试验区空气平均相对湿度为49.8%～62.3%,比对照区及室外分别高13.6%～21.2%和13.6%～24.6%。室内风速0.35～1 m/s,气流分布差异性较小。试验条件下,正压湿帘冷风降温系统的平均降温效率为91%,比传统的负压湿帘风机高10个百分点以上;实际平均耗水量为0.035～0.079 g/(m~2·s),且耗水量与室外空气水蒸气饱和压差(VPD,vapor pressure deficit)呈正相关(P0.01,r=0.64)。同时,研究构建了日光温室冷负荷计算模型及湿帘冷风降温设备合理选型方法,其中冷负荷模型是降温设备选型的基础,普遍适用于各种日光温室降温方法的研究。计算得到日光温室夏季降温冷负荷为299.1W/m~2,应安装的正压湿帘冷风降温系统最大比通风量为0.067 m/s。该研究为日光温室正压湿帘冷风降温方法的工程应用提供了技术参考,为日光温室安全越夏生产环境控制提供了理论基础。  相似文献